Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift
Few rectory gardens are today remaining in their former design and the cultural heritage that they represent are disappearing. Since 1987-88 the parishes are no longer bound to keep housing for their priests, which means that they, for economical reasons, are starting to sell their rectories. Wit...
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | L3 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management (from 130101)
2006
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571827708919808 |
|---|---|
| author | Franzén, Emma |
| author_browse | Franzén, Emma |
| author_facet | Franzén, Emma |
| author_sort | Franzén, Emma |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Few rectory gardens are today remaining in their former design and the cultural heritage
that they represent are disappearing. Since 1987-88 the parishes are no longer bound
to keep housing for their priests, which means that they, for economical reasons, are
starting to sell their rectories. With this in mind, a group of people, growing up in
rectories in Småland and Öland between the 1930th and 1950th, formed an interest
group to save the memory of their rectory gardens. On the basis of their memories,
they have written a couple of descriptions of the rectories, which describe the gardens
content, design and the life they once lived there. With this compilation of the 14 rectory gardens I want to keep the memory of them and create a ground for future work in this field.
Historically the rectory gardens played an important roll as patterns and examples in the
countryside. The priests used ideas from the gardens of the nobelmen and recreated this
in something more suitable for the people. The rectories were often situated close to the
church, where the soil had been cultivated for hundreds of years. This meant that there
was a deep layer of topsoil, and if the priest and his wife were interested and competent
they could create beautiful gardens. In gardening, as well as in agriculture, the priests
were pioneers. Their contribution to the history of swedish gardening has been very
important.
After the reformation the rectories came to play an important part in the cultural life in the sparsely populated countryside of Småland. In Öland, where the farms and manors
were rare, the rectories came to be of even more importance, especially when gardens
around the houses were rare. At the rectories you could pay to build a wall high enough
to keep the animals out of the delicacies of the garden.
The kitchen garden was for a long time an important part in the rectory garden, as it
was significant to support the family's economy. In the middle of the 20th century the
kitchen gardens were big and full of different vegetables and crops, especially if you
lived on the countryside. You could not buy fresh vegetables and fruits in the grocery
store, so the harvest had to last all year round. Except for the kitchen garden there
was also a smaller ornament garden at the rectories around the 1950th. The kitchen
garden supported the economy and the ornamental garden was to represent the abode
of the priest. The garden was both for work and for pleasure. A rectory without a green
growing and delightful garden did not exist, even though some gardens were more wellmanaged than others.
During the second part of the 20th century the kitchen gardens lost importance in the
rectory gardens, since there were no longer any need for growing vegetables and fruits
for economical reasons. When artificial fertilizers and pesticides made their entrance
at the big farms around the turn of the century, they soon replaced the biological
cultivation methods. At the same time people lost their interest in horticulture. The
garden should now be a place for resting and the vegetables were replaced by easy
cared shrubs and trees. The design of the rectory gardens today often depends on the
simplification that has been done, because there has not been any extensive replanting.
One has kept the old frame of the gardens, but the content has been impoverished. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU11202 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management (from 130101) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management (from 130101) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU112022017-09-26T08:25:13Z Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift Franzén, Emma prästgårdsträdgårdar trädgårdshistoria köksträdgårdar Småland Few rectory gardens are today remaining in their former design and the cultural heritage that they represent are disappearing. Since 1987-88 the parishes are no longer bound to keep housing for their priests, which means that they, for economical reasons, are starting to sell their rectories. With this in mind, a group of people, growing up in rectories in Småland and Öland between the 1930th and 1950th, formed an interest group to save the memory of their rectory gardens. On the basis of their memories, they have written a couple of descriptions of the rectories, which describe the gardens content, design and the life they once lived there. With this compilation of the 14 rectory gardens I want to keep the memory of them and create a ground for future work in this field. Historically the rectory gardens played an important roll as patterns and examples in the countryside. The priests used ideas from the gardens of the nobelmen and recreated this in something more suitable for the people. The rectories were often situated close to the church, where the soil had been cultivated for hundreds of years. This meant that there was a deep layer of topsoil, and if the priest and his wife were interested and competent they could create beautiful gardens. In gardening, as well as in agriculture, the priests were pioneers. Their contribution to the history of swedish gardening has been very important. After the reformation the rectories came to play an important part in the cultural life in the sparsely populated countryside of Småland. In Öland, where the farms and manors were rare, the rectories came to be of even more importance, especially when gardens around the houses were rare. At the rectories you could pay to build a wall high enough to keep the animals out of the delicacies of the garden. The kitchen garden was for a long time an important part in the rectory garden, as it was significant to support the family's economy. In the middle of the 20th century the kitchen gardens were big and full of different vegetables and crops, especially if you lived on the countryside. You could not buy fresh vegetables and fruits in the grocery store, so the harvest had to last all year round. Except for the kitchen garden there was also a smaller ornament garden at the rectories around the 1950th. The kitchen garden supported the economy and the ornamental garden was to represent the abode of the priest. The garden was both for work and for pleasure. A rectory without a green growing and delightful garden did not exist, even though some gardens were more wellmanaged than others. During the second part of the 20th century the kitchen gardens lost importance in the rectory gardens, since there were no longer any need for growing vegetables and fruits for economical reasons. When artificial fertilizers and pesticides made their entrance at the big farms around the turn of the century, they soon replaced the biological cultivation methods. At the same time people lost their interest in horticulture. The garden should now be a place for resting and the vegetables were replaced by easy cared shrubs and trees. The design of the rectory gardens today often depends on the simplification that has been done, because there has not been any extensive replanting. One has kept the old frame of the gardens, but the content has been impoverished. Idag finns få prästgårdsträdgårdar kvar i äldre utformning. Arvet de representerar såväl som innehållet i dem försvinner allt mer. Detta beror till stor del på att församlingarna efter 1987-88 inte längre är tvungna att hålla tjänstebostad för sina präster och därför börjat sälja ut prästgårdarna. Med detta i åtanke bildade ett tiotal prästbarn från Småland och Öland en intressegrupp för att rädda minnet av de prästgårdsträdgårdar de växte upp i under 1930- och 1950-talen. Utifrån sina minnen har de nedtecknat ett antal skildringar som beskriver trädgårdarnas innehåll, utformning och det liv man en gång levde här. Genom denna sammanställning av 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar vill jag bevara minnet av dessa och lägga en grund för fortsatt arbete inom området. Förr i tiden spelade prästgårdsträdgårdarna en stor roll som mönster och exempel i bygderna. Prästerna tog upp idéer och kulturformer från herremännens stora anläggningar och smälte om dem i en för allmogen lämplig form. Prästgårdarna var dessutom ofta belägna nära kyrkan på mark som odlats under många århundraden, vilket innebar att det fanns ett djupt lager av matjord. Detta, tillsammans med prästen och prästfruns intresse och odlingskunskaper, skapade på många ställen vackra trädgårdsanläggningar. I trädgårdsodlingen, liksom i andra grenar av lanthushållningen, var prästerna pionjärer. Deras insats inom den svenska trädgårdsodlingens historia har varit mycket betydelsefull. Efter reformationen kom prästhemmen att bli synnerligen betydelsefulla kulturcentra i de glest befolkade småländska bygderna. På Öland där det var sparsamt med både herrgårdar och fritt liggande stora bondgårdar kom prästgårdarna att spela en än större roll. Speciellt när förekomsten av trädgårdar runt husen ofta saknades. Vid prästgårdarna hade man ofta råd till att uppföra tillräckligt höga murar för att stänga ute djuren från trädgårdens delikatesser. Nyttodelen var länge mycket viktig i prästgårdsträdgården, då självhushållningen var en betydelsefull del i försörjningen. I mitten av 1900-talet var nyttoträdgårdarna stora och innehållsrika, särskilt om de låg på landet. Man kunde inte köpa färska grönsaker och frukt i speceriaffären, så skörden måste räcka hela året. Förutom nyttoträdgården fanns det i prästgårdsträdgårdarna kring 1950-talet oftast också en enklare prydnadsträdgård. Nyttoträdgården stod för försörjningen och prydnadsträdgården stod för representationen av prästbostaden. Trädgården var till för både arbete, vila och nöjen. En prästgård utan en grönskande, härlig trädgård fanns i princip inte, även om vissa var mer välskötta än andra. Under andra hälften av 1900-talet fick nyttoträdgården allt mindre betydelse i prästgårdsträdgårdarna, då man ekonomiskt sett inte behövde odla frukt och grönsaker för sin egen försörjning. När konstgödsel och bekämpningsmedel vid sekelskiftet gjorde sitt inträde på de stora gårdarna ersatte de bara på några decennier de biologiska odlingsmetoderna. Detta samtidigt som allt fler tappade intresset för grönsaksodling. Trädgården blev nu allt mer en plats för vila och nyttoväxterna byttes ut mot mer lättskötta buskar och träd. Utformningen av prästgårdsträdgårdarna idag beror främst på den förenkling som skett, några större nyplanteringar görs sällan. Man har hållit fast vid den gamla ramen men plockat bort en del av innehållet. SLU/Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management (from 130101) 2006 L3 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11202/ |
| spellingShingle | prästgårdsträdgårdar trädgårdshistoria köksträdgårdar Småland Franzén, Emma Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift |
| title | Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift |
| title_full | Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift |
| title_fullStr | Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift |
| title_short | Prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i Växjö stift |
| title_sort | prästgårdsträdgårdar : barndomsskildringar från 14 prästgårdsträdgårdar i växjö stift |
| topic | prästgårdsträdgårdar trädgårdshistoria köksträdgårdar Småland |