Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion
In Sweden the work of reducing acidification and its prime cause; emission and deposition of sulphur dioxide, has been going on for decades. Despite of all the work that has been done the positive progress in the acidified areas is slow. This is partly due to a long recovery time for the acidified a...
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| Format: | Otro |
| Language: | Swedish Swedish |
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2007
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| Online Access: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10882/ |
| _version_ | 1855571768223203328 |
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| author | Karlsson, Linda |
| author_browse | Karlsson, Linda |
| author_facet | Karlsson, Linda |
| author_sort | Karlsson, Linda |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | In Sweden the work of reducing acidification and its prime cause; emission and deposition of sulphur dioxide, has been going on for decades. Despite of all the work that has been done the positive progress in the acidified areas is slow. This is partly due to a long recovery time for the acidified areas but also because the reductions of emission and deposition of sulphur dioxide have not been large enough.
Emissions of sulphur dioxide from land based source in Sweden are estimated to 34 000 tons in the year of 2010. During the same year, approximately 182 000 tons of sulphur dioxide will be deposited over the Swedish territory. The deposition originates mainly from sources in Poland and from ships trafficking the Baltic Sea, but our own emissions contribute as well with about 10 per cent. Since Sweden is a net importer of sulphur dioxide we can not on our own reduce the sulphur dioxide deposition and international agreements with emission targets are not optimal from a Swedish point of view. From a strictly Swedish perspective it would instead be optimal with an international agreement where the target is to reduce deposition of sulphur dioxide in Sweden.
The aim with this thesis is to compare two cost efficient reductions of sulphur dioxide; one where the target is to reduce the international emissions and the other one where the target is to reduce the deposition in Sweden. Deposition targets for single countries are not used as policy today since the outcome is not optimal in an international point of view, but it can give a hint about the way Sweden should continue the work with reducing emissions and deposition of sulphur dioxide.
The results from the optimizations show that France, Poland, Romania, Great Britain and Hungary are countries where the largest emission reductions are made during a deposition target. These countries are also among the countries that perform the largest emission reductions during an emission target. There are a number of countries where the emission reductions are of great importance during a deposition target but they do not perform any large reductions during an emission target. Theses countries are above all Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, Finland and Latvia.
The results from this study must however be taken with some caution since some areas whose sulphur emissions have large impacts on the deposition in Sweden are not included in the study due to lack of data. These regions are primarily Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and the ship traffic on the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. |
| format | Otro |
| id | RepoSLU10882 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish swe |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU108822017-09-21T11:26:55Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10882/ Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion Karlsson, Linda Economics and management In Sweden the work of reducing acidification and its prime cause; emission and deposition of sulphur dioxide, has been going on for decades. Despite of all the work that has been done the positive progress in the acidified areas is slow. This is partly due to a long recovery time for the acidified areas but also because the reductions of emission and deposition of sulphur dioxide have not been large enough. Emissions of sulphur dioxide from land based source in Sweden are estimated to 34 000 tons in the year of 2010. During the same year, approximately 182 000 tons of sulphur dioxide will be deposited over the Swedish territory. The deposition originates mainly from sources in Poland and from ships trafficking the Baltic Sea, but our own emissions contribute as well with about 10 per cent. Since Sweden is a net importer of sulphur dioxide we can not on our own reduce the sulphur dioxide deposition and international agreements with emission targets are not optimal from a Swedish point of view. From a strictly Swedish perspective it would instead be optimal with an international agreement where the target is to reduce deposition of sulphur dioxide in Sweden. The aim with this thesis is to compare two cost efficient reductions of sulphur dioxide; one where the target is to reduce the international emissions and the other one where the target is to reduce the deposition in Sweden. Deposition targets for single countries are not used as policy today since the outcome is not optimal in an international point of view, but it can give a hint about the way Sweden should continue the work with reducing emissions and deposition of sulphur dioxide. The results from the optimizations show that France, Poland, Romania, Great Britain and Hungary are countries where the largest emission reductions are made during a deposition target. These countries are also among the countries that perform the largest emission reductions during an emission target. There are a number of countries where the emission reductions are of great importance during a deposition target but they do not perform any large reductions during an emission target. Theses countries are above all Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, Finland and Latvia. The results from this study must however be taken with some caution since some areas whose sulphur emissions have large impacts on the deposition in Sweden are not included in the study due to lack of data. These regions are primarily Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and the ship traffic on the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. Sverige har under flera årtionden arbetat med att reducera försurningen och dess främsta orsak; utsläpp och deponering av svaveldioxid. Trots allt det arbete som har lagts ned går den positiva utvecklingen sakta framåt. Det beror dels på en lång återhämtningsperiod för de försurade områdena men även på att utsläppen och deponeringen av svaveldioxid inte har reducerats tillräckligt. Svaveldioxidutsläppen från landbaserade källor i Sverige beräknas vara 34 000 ton år 2010. Under samma år kommer närmare 182 000 ton svaveldioxid att deponeras över det svenska landskapet. Denna deponering kommer framförallt från källor i Polen och fartygstrafiken på Östersjön men även våra egna utsläpp bidrar med ungefär 10 procent. Eftersom Sverige är en nettoimportör av svaveldioxid kan vi inte på egen hand reducera den svaveldioxid som deponeras i vårt land och internationella avtal med utsläppsmål leder inte till en optimal reduktion av svaveldioxiddeponeringen i Sverige. Ur ett renodlat svenskt perspektiv skulle det optimala vara ett internationellt avtal där målet är en reduktion av svaveldioxiddeponeringen i Sverige. Syftet med denna uppsats är att jämföra två kostnadseffektiva svaveldioxidreduktioner; den ena med målet att reducera de internationella utsläppen och den andra med målet att reducera deponeringen i Sverige. Deponeringsmål är ingenting som används som policy idag eftersom det inte leder till en internationellt optimal reducering, men det kan ge en fingervisning om hur Sverige borde fokusera det fortsatta arbetet med att reducera utsläppen och deponeringen av svaveldioxid. Resultaten från de optimeringar som jag genomförde visar att Frankrike, Polen, Rumänien, Storbritannien och Ungern är de länder som står för den största reningsmängden vid ett deponeringsmål, och dessa är även bland de länder som måste genomföra de största reningsmängderna vid ett utsläppsmål. Det finns ett antal länder vars utsläppsreduktioner har stor betydelse vid ett deponeringsmål och som inte genomför någon omfattande utsläppsreduktion vid ett utsläppsmål. Dessa länder är framför allt Sverige, Danmark, Estland, Finland och Lettland. Resultaten från denna studie måste dock tas med försiktighet eftersom en del områden vars svaveldioxidutsläpp har stor inverkan på deponeringen i Sverige inte finns med i studien p.g.a. otillräckliga data. Det gäller i första hand Ryssland, Vitryssland, Ukraina och fartygstrafiken på Östersjön och Nordsjön. 2007-09-17 Other NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10882/1/karlsson_l_170921.pdf Karlsson, Linda, 2007. Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion : en studie där ett optimalt svenskt mål jämförs med ett internationellt mål. UNSPECIFIED, Uppsala. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Economics <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-510.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-7076 swe |
| spellingShingle | Economics and management Karlsson, Linda Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| title | Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| title_full | Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| title_fullStr | Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| title_short | Kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| title_sort | kostnadseffektiv svaveldioxidreduktion |
| topic | Economics and management |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10882/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10882/ |