Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor
The coproduct, dried distillers grains + solubles (DDGS) from ethanol production based on wheat contains much rumen degradable protein and fiber with low digestibility. To compliment this quality in an effective way a grass silage low in protein and much digestible fiber is needed. The aim of the...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | L3 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Animal Environment and Health (until 231231)
2007
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571743614173184 |
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| author | Carlsson, Monica |
| author_browse | Carlsson, Monica |
| author_facet | Carlsson, Monica |
| author_sort | Carlsson, Monica |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | The coproduct, dried distillers grains + solubles (DDGS) from ethanol production based on wheat contains much rumen degradable protein and fiber with low digestibility. To compliment this quality in an effective way a grass silage low in protein and much digestible fiber is needed.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of adjusting the crude-protein concentration and fiber quality of the silage when feeding DDGS and of varying the
inclusion level of DDGS, when feeding the adjusted grass silage, on intake, milk yield and composition, faecal traits and feed efficiency.
Four different total mixed rations were compared. The normal grass-clover silage had a crude protein content of 17,8 % and an NDF content of 46,2 % of dry matter. The adapted grass silage had a crude protein content of 14,6 % and an NDF content of 52,9 % of dry matter. The diets were formulated to have similar nutritional content except for A + 4 which had a higher content of rumen degradable crude protein and a lower concentration of NDF. The rations used were:
• Diet C+1: 1 kg of DDGS (4%) and standard grass-clover silage
• Diet A+1: 1 kg of DDGS (4%) and adapted grass silage
• Diet A+2,5: 2,5 kg of DDGS (10%) and adapted grass silage
• Diet A+4: 4 kg of DDGS (16%) and adapted grass silage
The experiment was conducted at Nötcenter Viken, using 48 dairy cows, that at the beginning of the trial had an average milk yield of 42.6 (±6,3) kg energy-corrected milk and averaged 106 ((±53,5) days in milk. The experimental design was a change-over experiment with four treatments and four periods of three weeks. Special feeding equipments were used to receive individual information about feed consumption from each cow. Feed consumption and milk yield were registered during the whole period of registration but milk for analysis of composition was registered during the last four days in each period. On the last day of each period, cows were scored for body condition and manure consistency and pH were registered. Faecal samples were later analysed by a wet sieving technique. All particles longer than 1 cm and all kernels were counted to evaluate rumen function of the cows.
All data concerning consumption, milk production and faecal characteristics were analysed with a mixed model in SAS vers. 9,1.
Results from the study show that feeding adaped grass silage instead of a standard grass-clover silage, with an inclusion level of 1 kg DDGS, increased intakes of rumen degradable fiber, decreased intake of INDF, and increased concentration and yield of milk protein, decreased milk urea content and improved feed efficiency (p<0,05).
Feed efficiency, expressed in kg ECM per kg of DM intake, is better in cows fed 1 kg of DDGS than in cows fed 4 kg of DDGS, when adapted grass silage is fed, and is better than in cows fed standard grass-clover silage and 1 kg of DDGS (p<0.05). In addition, feed efficiency is better in cows fed 2.5 kg of DDGS than in cows fed 4 kg of DDGS, when adapted grass silage is fed (p<0.05).
Feeding adapted grass silage at 1, 2.5 and 4 kg of DDGS results in similar milk fat concentration as feeding the standard grass-clover silage at 1 kg of DDGS. Similarly, feeding adapted grass silage at 2.5 and 4 kg of DDGS results in similar milk protein concentrations as feeding standard grass-clover silage at 1 kg of DDGS.
Increasing the inclusion level of DDGS from 4% to 10% of DM intake, when adapted grass silage is fed, results in an increased milk fat percentage (p<0.05), which probably depends on an improved fiber digestion in rumen.
An inclusion level of 1 to 2 kg of DDGS in combination with an adapted grass silage is recommended to maintain a high feed efficiency as well as high percentages of fat and protein in the milk while the milk urea content is controlled.
Rumen function is not affected by increased DDGS inclusion level but much dietary rumen degradable crude protein and rumen degradable fibre have resulted in relatively loose manure of all cows in the experiment. The wet-sieving technique can be a useful method on a farm level to count the number of long particles in faeces. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU10742 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Animal Environment and Health (until 231231) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Animal Environment and Health (until 231231) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU107422017-09-26T07:35:20Z Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor Effects of dried distillers grain+solubles inclusion level and silage quality on consumption and milk production in dairy cows Carlsson, Monica drank vallfoder vallfoderkvalitet ko kor mjölkkor The coproduct, dried distillers grains + solubles (DDGS) from ethanol production based on wheat contains much rumen degradable protein and fiber with low digestibility. To compliment this quality in an effective way a grass silage low in protein and much digestible fiber is needed. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of adjusting the crude-protein concentration and fiber quality of the silage when feeding DDGS and of varying the inclusion level of DDGS, when feeding the adjusted grass silage, on intake, milk yield and composition, faecal traits and feed efficiency. Four different total mixed rations were compared. The normal grass-clover silage had a crude protein content of 17,8 % and an NDF content of 46,2 % of dry matter. The adapted grass silage had a crude protein content of 14,6 % and an NDF content of 52,9 % of dry matter. The diets were formulated to have similar nutritional content except for A + 4 which had a higher content of rumen degradable crude protein and a lower concentration of NDF. The rations used were: • Diet C+1: 1 kg of DDGS (4%) and standard grass-clover silage • Diet A+1: 1 kg of DDGS (4%) and adapted grass silage • Diet A+2,5: 2,5 kg of DDGS (10%) and adapted grass silage • Diet A+4: 4 kg of DDGS (16%) and adapted grass silage The experiment was conducted at Nötcenter Viken, using 48 dairy cows, that at the beginning of the trial had an average milk yield of 42.6 (±6,3) kg energy-corrected milk and averaged 106 ((±53,5) days in milk. The experimental design was a change-over experiment with four treatments and four periods of three weeks. Special feeding equipments were used to receive individual information about feed consumption from each cow. Feed consumption and milk yield were registered during the whole period of registration but milk for analysis of composition was registered during the last four days in each period. On the last day of each period, cows were scored for body condition and manure consistency and pH were registered. Faecal samples were later analysed by a wet sieving technique. All particles longer than 1 cm and all kernels were counted to evaluate rumen function of the cows. All data concerning consumption, milk production and faecal characteristics were analysed with a mixed model in SAS vers. 9,1. Results from the study show that feeding adaped grass silage instead of a standard grass-clover silage, with an inclusion level of 1 kg DDGS, increased intakes of rumen degradable fiber, decreased intake of INDF, and increased concentration and yield of milk protein, decreased milk urea content and improved feed efficiency (p<0,05). Feed efficiency, expressed in kg ECM per kg of DM intake, is better in cows fed 1 kg of DDGS than in cows fed 4 kg of DDGS, when adapted grass silage is fed, and is better than in cows fed standard grass-clover silage and 1 kg of DDGS (p<0.05). In addition, feed efficiency is better in cows fed 2.5 kg of DDGS than in cows fed 4 kg of DDGS, when adapted grass silage is fed (p<0.05). Feeding adapted grass silage at 1, 2.5 and 4 kg of DDGS results in similar milk fat concentration as feeding the standard grass-clover silage at 1 kg of DDGS. Similarly, feeding adapted grass silage at 2.5 and 4 kg of DDGS results in similar milk protein concentrations as feeding standard grass-clover silage at 1 kg of DDGS. Increasing the inclusion level of DDGS from 4% to 10% of DM intake, when adapted grass silage is fed, results in an increased milk fat percentage (p<0.05), which probably depends on an improved fiber digestion in rumen. An inclusion level of 1 to 2 kg of DDGS in combination with an adapted grass silage is recommended to maintain a high feed efficiency as well as high percentages of fat and protein in the milk while the milk urea content is controlled. Rumen function is not affected by increased DDGS inclusion level but much dietary rumen degradable crude protein and rumen degradable fibre have resulted in relatively loose manure of all cows in the experiment. The wet-sieving technique can be a useful method on a farm level to count the number of long particles in faeces. Biprodukten drank, som erhålls från etanolproduktionen och är baserad på vete, innehåller mycket protein, som är relativt lättlösligt och fiber med låg smältbarhet. För att kunna kompensera denna kvalité på ett effektivt sätt behövs ett gräsensilage som är lågt i protein och med mycket lättlösliga fiber. Syftet med studien var att studera effekten av att anpassa vallfodrets proteinhalt och fiberkvalitet vid utfodring av drank samt att undersöka effekten av drankgivans storlek vid utfodring av det anpassade vallfodret på konsumtion, mjölkavkastning och sammansättning, träckegenskaper, hull och foderutnyttjande. Fyra olika fullfoderblandningar jämfördes. Standardvallen innehöll 17,8 % råprotein och 46,2 % NDF och den anpassade vallen innehöll 14,6 % råprotein och 52,9 % NDF. Foderstaterna planerades ha lika näringsmässiga innehåll med undantag av A + 4 med högre halt vomnedbrytbart råprotein men mindre halt NDF. Följande foderbehandlingar användes: • Foderstat C+1: 1 kg drank (4 % av ts) och standardensilage med gräs/klöver • Foderstat A+1: 1 kg drank (4 % av ts) och anpassat gräsensilage • Foderstat A+2,5: 2,5 kg drank (10 % av ts) och anpassat gräsensilage • Foderstat A+4: 4 kg drank (16 % av ts) och anpassat gräsensilage Studien genomfördes på Nötcenter Viken med 48 kor, som vid försöksstart hade en medelavkastning på 42,6 (±6,3) kg ECM och var i genomsnitt 106 (±53,5) dagar i laktation. Försöket utfördes som en change-over design med fyra behandlingar och fyra perioder om tre veckor. Speciella foderstationer användes för att få individuell information om kornas konsumtion. Foderkonsumtion och mjölkmängd mättes under hela mätperioden på 10 dagar i slutet av varje period, men mjölk för analys registrerades under de fyra sista dagarna i varje period. Den sista dagen i varje period gjordes även hullbedömningar och träckregistreringar där träcken bedömdes med avseende på konsistens och pH. Dessutom analyserades träcken genom våtsiktning för att räkna alla partiklar längre än 1 cm och alla hela kärnor för att utvärdera vomfunktionen hos korna. Alla data rörande konsumtion, produktion och träck analyserades i SAS vers. 9.1, mixed model. Resultaten visar att utfodring med anpassat gräsensilage istället för standardensilage av gräs/klöver, vid användning av 1 kg drank, resulterar i ett ökat intag av vomnedbrytbar NDF, minskat intag av osmältbar NDF, ökad halt och mängd av protein i mjölken, minskad ureahalt i mjölken samt en förbättrad fodereffektivitet (p<0,05). Fodereffektiviteten, i kg ECM per kg ts-intag, är bättre för kor utfodrade med 1 kg drank än hos kor utfodrade med 4 kg drank, när anpassat gräsensilage utfodras, och hos kor utfodrade med standardensilage av gräs/klöver och 1 kg drank (p<0,05). Dessutom är fodereffektiviteten högre hos kor utfodrade med 2,5 kg drank än hos kor utfodrade med 4 kg drank när anpassat gräsensilage utfodras (p<0,05). Utfodring med anpassat gräsensilage vid 1, 2,5 och 4 kg drank ger liknande fetthalt i mjölken som utfodring med standardensilaget av gräs/klöver och 1 kg drank. Likaså ger utfodring med anpassat gräsensilage vid 2,5 och 4 kg drank samma proteinhalt i mjölken som utfodring med standardensilaget av gräs/klöver och 1 kg drank. En ökad drankgiva från 4 % till 10 % av ts-intaget, när ett anpassat gräsensilage utfodras, ökar fetthalten i mjölken (p<0,05), vilket troligen beror på en förbättrad fibernedbrytning i vommen. En drankgiva på 1-2 kg i kombination med ett anpassat gräsensilage är att rekommendera för att bibehålla ett bra foderutnyttjande, erhålla en bra fetthalt och proteinhalt i mjölken samtidigt som mjölkens ureahalt hålls under kontroll. Vomfunktionen har troligen inte påverkats mycket utav den större drankgivan men mycket vomnedbrytbart protein i kombination med hög smältbarhet hos fibern har resulterat i att samtliga kor hade en relativt lös träck under försökets genomförande. Våtsiktning kan vara en bra metod för att skatta antal långa partiklar i träcken och kan på gårdsnivå vara ett bra hjälpmedel. SLU/Dept. of Animal Environment and Health (until 231231) 2007 L3 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10742/ |
| spellingShingle | drank vallfoder vallfoderkvalitet ko kor mjölkkor Carlsson, Monica Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| title | Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| title_full | Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| title_fullStr | Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| title_short | Drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| title_sort | drankgivans och vallfoderkvaliténs effekt på konsumtion och produktion hos mjölkkor |
| topic | drank vallfoder vallfoderkvalitet ko kor mjölkkor |