Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao
Cacao production must increase in order to meet the projected rise in the demand for chocolate. Approximately one-third of global production is lost annually to diseases and insects. Four diseases account for the greatest losses worldwide: black pod, caused by four Phytophthora spp.; witches broo...
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| Online Access: | https://repositorio.catie.ac.cr/handle/11554/8655 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-24789-2_18 |
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RepoCATIE86552021-12-22T19:22:55Z Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao Gutiérrez, Osman A. Campbell, Alina S. Phillips Mora, Wilbert Cacao production must increase in order to meet the projected rise in the demand for chocolate. Approximately one-third of global production is lost annually to diseases and insects. Four diseases account for the greatest losses worldwide: black pod, caused by four Phytophthora spp.; witches broom, caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa; cacao swollen shoot virus, caused by a member of the genus Badnavirus; and frosty pod, caused by Moniliophthora roreri. At the present time, only 30 % of material currently under cultivation is of improved varieties, therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new, high-yielding, diseaseresistant varieties. Sustainable production increases could be achieved if improved varieties were used by the farmers. Cacao breeding was started in Trinidad in the 1930s by F. J. Pound and within a few decades cacao research centers had been established in all the major cacao producing areas worldwide including West Africa and Southeast Asia. Pound and other researchers have made several expeditions to the Amazon to collect wild cacao germplasm. In addition to using the germplasm collected from the wild and farmers fields to find new sources of resistance genes, researchers have developed breeding programs that cross and select cacao genotypes in order to accumulate desirable genes for resistance, as well as good horticultural and quality traits. Recently, numerous molecular tools, including the genome sequences of two varieties of cacao, have been developed and/or made available to accelerate the breeding process. International private/public collaborations are in progress to identify candidate resistance genes, map these in the sequenced genomes, and develop molecular markers associated with these genes. Researchers will use these markers in genomics-assisted breeding programs to screen young cacao plants and select those with desirable traits. 2017-08-08T20:05:23Z 2017-08-08T20:05:23Z 2016 Book Part https://repositorio.catie.ac.cr/handle/11554/8655 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-24789-2_18 en info:eu-repo/semantics/restricted/Access application/pdf Springer |
| institution |
Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza |
| collection |
Repositorio CATIE |
| language |
Inglés |
| description |
Cacao production must increase in order to meet the projected rise in the
demand for chocolate. Approximately one-third of global production is lost annually
to diseases and insects. Four diseases account for the greatest losses worldwide:
black pod, caused by four Phytophthora spp.; witches broom, caused by
Moniliophthora perniciosa; cacao swollen shoot virus, caused by a member of the
genus Badnavirus; and frosty pod, caused by Moniliophthora roreri. At the present
time, only 30 % of material currently under cultivation is of improved varieties,
therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new, high-yielding, diseaseresistant
varieties. Sustainable production increases could be achieved if improved
varieties were used by the farmers. Cacao breeding was started in Trinidad in the
1930s by F. J. Pound and within a few decades cacao research centers had been
established in all the major cacao producing areas worldwide including West Africa
and Southeast Asia. Pound and other researchers have made several expeditions to
the Amazon to collect wild cacao germplasm. In addition to using the germplasm
collected from the wild and farmers fields to find new sources of resistance genes,
researchers have developed breeding programs that cross and select cacao genotypes
in order to accumulate desirable genes for resistance, as well as good horticultural
and quality traits. Recently, numerous molecular tools, including the genome
sequences of two varieties of cacao, have been developed and/or made available
to accelerate the breeding process. International private/public collaborations are in
progress to identify candidate resistance genes, map these in the sequenced
genomes, and develop molecular markers associated with these genes. Researchers
will use these markers in genomics-assisted breeding programs to screen young
cacao plants and select those with desirable traits. |
| format |
Book Part |
| author |
Gutiérrez, Osman A. Campbell, Alina S. Phillips Mora, Wilbert |
| spellingShingle |
Gutiérrez, Osman A. Campbell, Alina S. Phillips Mora, Wilbert Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao |
| author_facet |
Gutiérrez, Osman A. Campbell, Alina S. Phillips Mora, Wilbert |
| author_sort |
Gutiérrez, Osman A. |
| title |
Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao |
| title_short |
Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao |
| title_full |
Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao |
| title_fullStr |
Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Breeding for Disease Resistance in Cacao |
| title_sort |
breeding for disease resistance in cacao |
| publisher |
Springer |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
https://repositorio.catie.ac.cr/handle/11554/8655 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-24789-2_18 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT gutierrezosmana breedingfordiseaseresistanceincacao AT campbellalinas breedingfordiseaseresistanceincacao AT phillipsmorawilbert breedingfordiseaseresistanceincacao |
| _version_ |
1808116595576274944 |