Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit

The use of antibiotics in livestock contributes to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Among these, chelating agents, like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Chitosan, have shown potential in reducing bacterial contamination in seminal doses used in...

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Autores principales: Marco-Jiménez, Francisco, Ferriz-Nuñez, Celia, Viudes-de-Castro, Maria Pilar, Salvador Vicente, José, Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura
Formato: article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
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Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/9046
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/55
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author Marco-Jiménez, Francisco
Ferriz-Nuñez, Celia
Viudes-de-Castro, Maria Pilar
Salvador Vicente, José
Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura
author_browse Ferriz-Nuñez, Celia
Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura
Marco-Jiménez, Francisco
Salvador Vicente, José
Viudes-de-Castro, Maria Pilar
author_facet Marco-Jiménez, Francisco
Ferriz-Nuñez, Celia
Viudes-de-Castro, Maria Pilar
Salvador Vicente, José
Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura
author_sort Marco-Jiménez, Francisco
collection ReDivia
description The use of antibiotics in livestock contributes to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Among these, chelating agents, like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Chitosan, have shown potential in reducing bacterial contamination in seminal doses used in artificial insemination (AI), while preserving sperm quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of EDTA and Chitosan as alternatives to antibiotics for the liquid storage of rabbit seminal AI doses. Methods: EDTA (20 mM) and Chitosan (0.05%) were tested both individually and in combination, by adding them to the semen extender, and their effects were compared with extenders containing antibiotics or none. The extenders were evaluated for microbial resistance and their ability to maintain sperm quality in vitro during refrigeration at 16 ± 1 ◦C for 72 h. To assess antimicrobial efficacy, Enterococcus faecalis was used. Seminal doses stored for 24 h were used for insemination under commercial conditions, and fertility rate and total kits born were evaluated. Results: Adding 0.05% Chitosan to the extender resulted in sperm parameters and bacterial load comparable to those achieved with antibiotics during refrigerated storage, yielding similar fertility rate and total kits born outcomes 24 h post-storage. In contrast, the use EDTA alone or in combination with Chitosan was less effective at controlling Enterococcus faecalis than the antibiotic extenders, which also resulted in a reduction of sperm total motility over storage period (0–72 h) and negatively impacted fertility rate and total kits born. Conclusions: Chitosan’s protective effect on sperm function, combined with its antimicrobial activity, makes it a promising alternative antimicrobial agent for the liquid storage of rabbit seminal AI doses.
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spelling ReDivia90462025-04-25T14:49:54Z Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit Marco-Jiménez, Francisco Ferriz-Nuñez, Celia Viudes-de-Castro, Maria Pilar Salvador Vicente, José Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura sperm function total kits born embryonic losses fetal losses L53 Animal physiology - Reproduction Fertility Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Enterococcus faecalis The use of antibiotics in livestock contributes to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Among these, chelating agents, like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Chitosan, have shown potential in reducing bacterial contamination in seminal doses used in artificial insemination (AI), while preserving sperm quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of EDTA and Chitosan as alternatives to antibiotics for the liquid storage of rabbit seminal AI doses. Methods: EDTA (20 mM) and Chitosan (0.05%) were tested both individually and in combination, by adding them to the semen extender, and their effects were compared with extenders containing antibiotics or none. The extenders were evaluated for microbial resistance and their ability to maintain sperm quality in vitro during refrigeration at 16 ± 1 ◦C for 72 h. To assess antimicrobial efficacy, Enterococcus faecalis was used. Seminal doses stored for 24 h were used for insemination under commercial conditions, and fertility rate and total kits born were evaluated. Results: Adding 0.05% Chitosan to the extender resulted in sperm parameters and bacterial load comparable to those achieved with antibiotics during refrigerated storage, yielding similar fertility rate and total kits born outcomes 24 h post-storage. In contrast, the use EDTA alone or in combination with Chitosan was less effective at controlling Enterococcus faecalis than the antibiotic extenders, which also resulted in a reduction of sperm total motility over storage period (0–72 h) and negatively impacted fertility rate and total kits born. Conclusions: Chitosan’s protective effect on sperm function, combined with its antimicrobial activity, makes it a promising alternative antimicrobial agent for the liquid storage of rabbit seminal AI doses. 2025-03-11T09:44:19Z 2025-03-11T09:44:19Z 2025 article publishedVersion Marco-Jiménez, F., Ferriz-Nuñez, C., Viudes-de-Castro, M. P., Vicente, J. S., & Lorenzo-Rebenaque, L. (2025). Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit. Antibiotics, 14(1), 55. 2079-6382 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/9046 10.3390/antibiotics14010055 https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/55 en This research was funded through grant PID2021-127867OB-100 by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 and by ERDF, “A way of making Europe info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I+D+i/PID2021-127867OB-100 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ openAccess MDPI electronico
spellingShingle sperm function
total kits born
embryonic losses
fetal losses
L53 Animal physiology - Reproduction
Fertility
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Enterococcus faecalis
Marco-Jiménez, Francisco
Ferriz-Nuñez, Celia
Viudes-de-Castro, Maria Pilar
Salvador Vicente, José
Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura
Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit
title Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit
title_full Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit
title_fullStr Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit
title_full_unstemmed Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit
title_short Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit
title_sort chitosan based semen extenders an approach to antibiotic free artificial insemination in rabbit
topic sperm function
total kits born
embryonic losses
fetal losses
L53 Animal physiology - Reproduction
Fertility
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Enterococcus faecalis
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/9046
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/55
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