Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually

Citrus black spot (CBS) caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa was reported for the first time in Tunisia in 2019. This was also the first reported occurrence of the disease in a Mediterranean climate. In Tunisia, CBS is mainly found in lemon (Citrus limon) orchards, and is seldom observed on sweet orang...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ioos, Renaud, Mannai, Sabrine, Jeandel, Céline, Benfradj, Najwa, Vicent, Antonio, Boughalleb-M'hamdi, Naima, Aguayo, Jaime
Formato: article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/8977
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1878614624000497?via%3Dihub
_version_ 1855032889237831680
author Ioos, Renaud
Mannai, Sabrine
Jeandel, Céline
Benfradj, Najwa
Vicent, Antonio
Boughalleb-M'hamdi, Naima
Aguayo, Jaime
author_browse Aguayo, Jaime
Benfradj, Najwa
Boughalleb-M'hamdi, Naima
Ioos, Renaud
Jeandel, Céline
Mannai, Sabrine
Vicent, Antonio
author_facet Ioos, Renaud
Mannai, Sabrine
Jeandel, Céline
Benfradj, Najwa
Vicent, Antonio
Boughalleb-M'hamdi, Naima
Aguayo, Jaime
author_sort Ioos, Renaud
collection ReDivia
description Citrus black spot (CBS) caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa was reported for the first time in Tunisia in 2019. This was also the first reported occurrence of the disease in a Mediterranean climate. In Tunisia, CBS is mainly found in lemon (Citrus limon) orchards, and is seldom observed on sweet orange (Citrus × sinensis). This recent finding in North Africa raises questions about how the disease has been able to spread under Mediterranean climatic conditions. In this work, 216 Phyllosticta strains collected from lemon orchards in 2021, 2022 and 2023 throughout the country's main citrus-growing provinces were characterised by species morphological and molecular identification, mating type and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) microsatellite genotyping (MLG). P. citricarpa was the only species found to be associated with CBS in Tunisia. Although P. citricarpa is a heterothallic fungal species, potentially able to reproduce both sexually and asexually, a single mating type (MAT 1-1-1) idiomorph was found in the population. In addition, three MLGs were observed, across ten microsatellite loci, one of which was massively represented (93 %), indicating a clonal population. The clonality observed suggests a single recent introduction of the pathogen into the country. These findings support the idea that in Tunisia, P. citricarpa only reproduces asexually by pycniospores, with a relatively limited dispersal potential. This is consistent with the absence of pseudothecia on the leaf litter. These results show that CBS is able to thrive under Mediterranean conditions, even in the absence of sexual reproduction. This should be taken into consideration for CBS risk assessment and management.
format article
id ReDivia8977
institution Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA)
language Inglés
publishDate 2024
publishDateRange 2024
publishDateSort 2024
publisher Elsevier
publisherStr Elsevier
record_format dspace
spelling ReDivia89772025-04-25T14:49:41Z Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually Ioos, Renaud Mannai, Sabrine Jeandel, Céline Benfradj, Najwa Vicent, Antonio Boughalleb-M'hamdi, Naima Aguayo, Jaime Fungus Citrus disease Citrus black spot H20 Plant diseases Population genetics Quarantine Citrus black spot (CBS) caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa was reported for the first time in Tunisia in 2019. This was also the first reported occurrence of the disease in a Mediterranean climate. In Tunisia, CBS is mainly found in lemon (Citrus limon) orchards, and is seldom observed on sweet orange (Citrus × sinensis). This recent finding in North Africa raises questions about how the disease has been able to spread under Mediterranean climatic conditions. In this work, 216 Phyllosticta strains collected from lemon orchards in 2021, 2022 and 2023 throughout the country's main citrus-growing provinces were characterised by species morphological and molecular identification, mating type and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) microsatellite genotyping (MLG). P. citricarpa was the only species found to be associated with CBS in Tunisia. Although P. citricarpa is a heterothallic fungal species, potentially able to reproduce both sexually and asexually, a single mating type (MAT 1-1-1) idiomorph was found in the population. In addition, three MLGs were observed, across ten microsatellite loci, one of which was massively represented (93 %), indicating a clonal population. The clonality observed suggests a single recent introduction of the pathogen into the country. These findings support the idea that in Tunisia, P. citricarpa only reproduces asexually by pycniospores, with a relatively limited dispersal potential. This is consistent with the absence of pseudothecia on the leaf litter. These results show that CBS is able to thrive under Mediterranean conditions, even in the absence of sexual reproduction. This should be taken into consideration for CBS risk assessment and management. 2024-09-10T08:31:44Z 2024-09-10T08:31:44Z 2024 article publishedVersion Ioos, R., Mannai, S., Jeandel, C., Benfradj, N., Vicent, A., Boughalleb-M'hamdi, N., & Aguayo, J. (2024). Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually. Fungal Biology, 128(3), 1806-1813. 1878-6146 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/8977 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.04.004 R https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1878614624000497?via%3Dihub en This work was supported by a grant from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) “GP/EFSA/ALPHA/2019/04 Reduce risk assessment uncertainty: suitability of Mediterranean citrus production areas for Phyllosticta citricarpa”. The mycology research unit of the ANSES Plant Health Laboratory (LSV), USC INRAE 1480, is supported by a grant managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the French government’s “Investing for the Future” (PIA) programme (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01, Laboratory of Excellence-ARBRE). closedAccess Elsevier electronico
spellingShingle Fungus
Citrus disease
Citrus black spot
H20 Plant diseases
Population genetics
Quarantine
Ioos, Renaud
Mannai, Sabrine
Jeandel, Céline
Benfradj, Najwa
Vicent, Antonio
Boughalleb-M'hamdi, Naima
Aguayo, Jaime
Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
title Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
title_full Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
title_fullStr Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
title_full_unstemmed Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
title_short Mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the Tunisian population of Phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
title_sort mating type and microsatellite genotyping indicate that the tunisian population of phyllosticta citricarpa is clonal and thrives only asexually
topic Fungus
Citrus disease
Citrus black spot
H20 Plant diseases
Population genetics
Quarantine
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/8977
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1878614624000497?via%3Dihub
work_keys_str_mv AT ioosrenaud matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually
AT mannaisabrine matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually
AT jeandelceline matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually
AT benfradjnajwa matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually
AT vicentantonio matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually
AT boughallebmhamdinaima matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually
AT aguayojaime matingtypeandmicrosatellitegenotypingindicatethatthetunisianpopulationofphyllostictacitricarpaisclonalandthrivesonlyasexually