Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer

Pesticides in three-dimensional (3D) crops are usually applied sidewise, so the vertical component must be considered for adjusting the applications. For this, different approaches have been proposed. Leaf Wall Area (LWA) was selected to express the minimum dose to be used in efficacy field trials f...

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Autores principales: Garcerá, Cruz, Fonte, Alberto, Salcedo, Ramón, Soler, Agustí, Chueca, Patricia
Formato: article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6854
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1887
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author Garcerá, Cruz
Fonte, Alberto
Salcedo, Ramón
Soler, Agustí
Chueca, Patricia
author_browse Chueca, Patricia
Fonte, Alberto
Garcerá, Cruz
Salcedo, Ramón
Soler, Agustí
author_facet Garcerá, Cruz
Fonte, Alberto
Salcedo, Ramón
Soler, Agustí
Chueca, Patricia
author_sort Garcerá, Cruz
collection ReDivia
description Pesticides in three-dimensional (3D) crops are usually applied sidewise, so the vertical component must be considered for adjusting the applications. For this, different approaches have been proposed. Leaf Wall Area (LWA) was selected to express the minimum dose to be used in efficacy field trials for plant protection product (PPP) authorization in northern areas of Europe, where 3D crops are grown as narrow wall-forming structures. However, southern European areas also managed 3D crops as wide walls or globular crops with non-negligible canopy width. Therefore, a Tree Row Volume (TRV) model is thought to be more appropriate for dose expression. Furthermore, efficacy evaluations for pesticide authorization are usually carried out with manual sprayers in young plantations with medium-sized trees. However, growers normally apply PPP with air-blast sprayers in plantations of different tree sizes. The objective of this study was to determine which dose expression is more suitable in citrus orchards, as well as to analyze, in turn, the influence of the sprayer. The results demonstrated that TRV was the most appropriate for dose expression. Knapsacks and air-blast sprayers distributed the spray on the canopy in different ways, and the size of the vegetation influenced the differences between them. Moreover, knapsack sprayers produced higher ground losses, and air-blast sprayers produced higher potential drift.
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institution Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA)
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spelling ReDivia68542025-04-25T14:47:53Z Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer Garcerá, Cruz Fonte, Alberto Salcedo, Ramón Soler, Agustí Chueca, Patricia Knapsack sprayer Air-blast sprayer Leaf wall area Tree row volume Coverage Leaf deposition Drift N01 Agricultural engineering Pesticide application Citrus Pesticides in three-dimensional (3D) crops are usually applied sidewise, so the vertical component must be considered for adjusting the applications. For this, different approaches have been proposed. Leaf Wall Area (LWA) was selected to express the minimum dose to be used in efficacy field trials for plant protection product (PPP) authorization in northern areas of Europe, where 3D crops are grown as narrow wall-forming structures. However, southern European areas also managed 3D crops as wide walls or globular crops with non-negligible canopy width. Therefore, a Tree Row Volume (TRV) model is thought to be more appropriate for dose expression. Furthermore, efficacy evaluations for pesticide authorization are usually carried out with manual sprayers in young plantations with medium-sized trees. However, growers normally apply PPP with air-blast sprayers in plantations of different tree sizes. The objective of this study was to determine which dose expression is more suitable in citrus orchards, as well as to analyze, in turn, the influence of the sprayer. The results demonstrated that TRV was the most appropriate for dose expression. Knapsacks and air-blast sprayers distributed the spray on the canopy in different ways, and the size of the vegetation influenced the differences between them. Moreover, knapsack sprayers produced higher ground losses, and air-blast sprayers produced higher potential drift. 2020-12-03T09:22:56Z 2020-12-03T09:22:56Z 2020 article publishedVersion Garcerá, C., Fonte, A., Salcedo, R., Soler, A. & Chueca, P. (2020). Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer, Agronomy, 10(12), 1887. 2073-4395 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6854 10.3390/agronomy10121887 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1887 en Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ openAccess MDPI electronico
spellingShingle Knapsack sprayer
Air-blast sprayer
Leaf wall area
Tree row volume
Coverage
Leaf deposition
Drift
N01 Agricultural engineering
Pesticide application
Citrus
Garcerá, Cruz
Fonte, Alberto
Salcedo, Ramón
Soler, Agustí
Chueca, Patricia
Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
title Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
title_full Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
title_fullStr Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
title_full_unstemmed Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
title_short Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
title_sort dose expression for pesticide application in citrus influence of canopy size and sprayer
topic Knapsack sprayer
Air-blast sprayer
Leaf wall area
Tree row volume
Coverage
Leaf deposition
Drift
N01 Agricultural engineering
Pesticide application
Citrus
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6854
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1887
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AT soleragusti doseexpressionforpesticideapplicationincitrusinfluenceofcanopysizeandsprayer
AT chuecapatricia doseexpressionforpesticideapplicationincitrusinfluenceofcanopysizeandsprayer