An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males

1. Autoparasitoids are intraguild consumers that attack and kill heterospecific and conspecific parasitoids as well as immature stages of hemipteran hosts, such as aphids, whiteflies and soft scales. Field experiments assessing the importance of interspecific competition between autoparasitoids and...

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Main Authors: Marrao, Rosalina, Frago, Enric, Pereira, José A., Tena, Alejandro
Format: article
Language:Inglés
Published: Wiley Online Library 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6642
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/een.12846
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author Marrao, Rosalina
Frago, Enric
Pereira, José A.
Tena, Alejandro
author_browse Frago, Enric
Marrao, Rosalina
Pereira, José A.
Tena, Alejandro
author_facet Marrao, Rosalina
Frago, Enric
Pereira, José A.
Tena, Alejandro
author_sort Marrao, Rosalina
collection ReDivia
description 1. Autoparasitoids are intraguild consumers that attack and kill heterospecific and conspecific parasitoids as well as immature stages of hemipteran hosts, such as aphids, whiteflies and soft scales. Field experiments assessing the importance of interspecific competition between autoparasitoids and primary parasitoids, as well as its impact on herbivore suppression, are scarcely found in the ecological literature. 2. Using field data from 40 olive orchards, this study examined the mechanisms that regulate: (I) the interspecific competition between primary parasitoids of the genus Metaphycus and the autoparasitoid Coccophagus lycimnia; and (II) the density of their shared herbivore host, the soft scale Saissetia oleae. 3. Metaphycus parasitoids used smaller hosts than C. lycimnia, yet did not outcompete C. lycimnia. On the other hand, C. lycimnia preferred to use Metaphycus females as secondary hosts for producing males rather than their own females. This preference might explain why the autoparasitoid negatively affected the density of the primary parasitoids. 4. Parasitism by the autoparasitoid C. lycimnia at the beginning of the season was the sole variable positively related to host mortality throughout the season, showing its greater effect on herbivore suppression. 5. In this study, an autoparasitoid, inferior at resource exploitation, was shown to outcompete a primary parasitoid without disrupting herbivore suppression.
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spelling ReDivia66422025-04-25T14:47:30Z An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males Marrao, Rosalina Frago, Enric Pereira, José A. Tena, Alejandro Coccophagus Exploitative competition Intraguild predation Soft scales H10 Pests of plants Interspecific competition Metaphycus 1. Autoparasitoids are intraguild consumers that attack and kill heterospecific and conspecific parasitoids as well as immature stages of hemipteran hosts, such as aphids, whiteflies and soft scales. Field experiments assessing the importance of interspecific competition between autoparasitoids and primary parasitoids, as well as its impact on herbivore suppression, are scarcely found in the ecological literature. 2. Using field data from 40 olive orchards, this study examined the mechanisms that regulate: (I) the interspecific competition between primary parasitoids of the genus Metaphycus and the autoparasitoid Coccophagus lycimnia; and (II) the density of their shared herbivore host, the soft scale Saissetia oleae. 3. Metaphycus parasitoids used smaller hosts than C. lycimnia, yet did not outcompete C. lycimnia. On the other hand, C. lycimnia preferred to use Metaphycus females as secondary hosts for producing males rather than their own females. This preference might explain why the autoparasitoid negatively affected the density of the primary parasitoids. 4. Parasitism by the autoparasitoid C. lycimnia at the beginning of the season was the sole variable positively related to host mortality throughout the season, showing its greater effect on herbivore suppression. 5. In this study, an autoparasitoid, inferior at resource exploitation, was shown to outcompete a primary parasitoid without disrupting herbivore suppression. 2020-10-14T08:40:42Z 2020-10-14T08:40:42Z 2020 article acceptedVersion Marrao, R., Frago, E., Pereira, J. A. & Tena, A. (2020). An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males. Ecological Entomology, 45(3), 727-740. 0307-6946 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6642 10.1111/een.12846 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/een.12846 en Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ embargoedAccess Wiley Online Library electronico
spellingShingle Coccophagus
Exploitative competition
Intraguild predation
Soft scales
H10 Pests of plants
Interspecific competition
Metaphycus
Marrao, Rosalina
Frago, Enric
Pereira, José A.
Tena, Alejandro
An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
title An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
title_full An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
title_fullStr An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
title_full_unstemmed An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
title_short An autoparasitoid wasp, inferior at resource exploitation, outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
title_sort autoparasitoid wasp inferior at resource exploitation outcompetes primary parasitoids by using competitor females to produce males
topic Coccophagus
Exploitative competition
Intraguild predation
Soft scales
H10 Pests of plants
Interspecific competition
Metaphycus
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6642
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/een.12846
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