"Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid
Citrus is the most extensively produced fruit tree crop in the world (FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2009). There are two clearly differentiated markets: fresh fruit and processed juice. In 2007, the main citrus fruit-producing countries were China (17.9%), Brazil (17.8%), the Mediter...
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2017
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| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/5432 |
| _version_ | 1855491924189773824 |
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| author | Aleza, Pablo Cuenca, José Juárez, José Pina, José A. Navarro, Luis |
| author_browse | Aleza, Pablo Cuenca, José Juárez, José Navarro, Luis Pina, José A. |
| author_facet | Aleza, Pablo Cuenca, José Juárez, José Pina, José A. Navarro, Luis |
| author_sort | Aleza, Pablo |
| collection | ReDivia |
| description | Citrus is the most extensively produced
fruit tree crop in the world (FAO, Food and
Agriculture Organization, 2009). There are
two clearly differentiated markets: fresh fruit
and processed juice. In 2007, the main citrus
fruit-producing countries were China (17.9%),
Brazil (17.8%), the Mediterranean countries
(17.1%), and the United States (8.5%) (FAO,
Food and Agriculture Organization, 2009).
These areas account for more of two-thirds
of the total production of citrus fruits. In the
Mediterranean area, citrus fruits are primarily
produced for the fresh fruit market. Spain is
the principal producer in the area with a total
planted area of 330,000 ha and a production
6.3 million tons.
Seedlessness is one of the most important
characteristics for mandarin on the fresh fruit
market, because consumers do not accept
seeded fruits. Parthenocarpy is an essential
trait for seedless fruit production, and this
characteristic is present in citrus germplasm.
Triploidy gives rise to seedless commercial
cultivars. However, triploid plants have very
low fertility, are generally sterile, and do not
induce seeds in other cultivars by crosspollination
(Frost and Soost, 1968). Several
methods have been developed to obtain
triploid citrus (Navarro et al., 2002; Ollitrault
et al., 2008). One exploits natural events of
polyploidization such as 2n gametes using
embryo rescue and flow cytometry to select
triploids in 2x · 2x crosses. Second meiotic
division restitution has been proposed for
diploid megagametophyte development in
clementine (Luro et al., 2004), whereas Chen
et al. (2008) proposed first meiotic division
restitution in sweet oranges.
In Spain, the structure of mandarin cultivars
poses several problems. Mandarins include
satsumas, clementines, and mandarin
hybrids. Satsumas are harvested from the
beginning of September until the beginning
of November. They are cultivars with a high
degree of parthenocarpy and have sterile
pollen and ovules. Clementines are the most
representative cultivars of mandarin in Spain.
They are picked from mid-September until
mid-February. They are self-incompatible,
but pollen and ovules are viable, being able
to pollinate and to be pollinated by other
cultivars. Mandarin hybrids, like ‘Nova’ [C.
clementina · (C. paradisi · C. tangerina)],
‘Fortune’ (C. clementina · C. tangerina), and
‘Ortanique’ tangor (natural hybrid between
mandarin and C. sinensis), were introduced
in the Spanish citriculture to cover the demand
of late-season mandarins by international
markets. They enable the harvesting
period to be extended until May. These hybrids
are also self-incompatible, but pollen
and ovules are viable and cross-pollinate with
clementines, producing fruits with seeds in
both groups of cultivars.
A triploid breeding program has been
carried out in Spain since 1996 based on
sexual hybridization, embryo rescue, and
ploidy analysis by flow cytometry (Navarro
et al., 2002). The objective is to produce new
high–quality, late-season and seedless triploid
mandarin hybrids. In this article, we describe
‘Garbı´’ mandarin, a new triploid hybrid developed
within this program characterized by
its high-quality, late-season ripening and
seedless fruits. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | ReDivia5432 |
| institution | Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateRange | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ReDivia54322025-04-25T14:42:20Z "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid Aleza, Pablo Cuenca, José Juárez, José Pina, José A. Navarro, Luis Citrus is the most extensively produced fruit tree crop in the world (FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2009). There are two clearly differentiated markets: fresh fruit and processed juice. In 2007, the main citrus fruit-producing countries were China (17.9%), Brazil (17.8%), the Mediterranean countries (17.1%), and the United States (8.5%) (FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2009). These areas account for more of two-thirds of the total production of citrus fruits. In the Mediterranean area, citrus fruits are primarily produced for the fresh fruit market. Spain is the principal producer in the area with a total planted area of 330,000 ha and a production 6.3 million tons. Seedlessness is one of the most important characteristics for mandarin on the fresh fruit market, because consumers do not accept seeded fruits. Parthenocarpy is an essential trait for seedless fruit production, and this characteristic is present in citrus germplasm. Triploidy gives rise to seedless commercial cultivars. However, triploid plants have very low fertility, are generally sterile, and do not induce seeds in other cultivars by crosspollination (Frost and Soost, 1968). Several methods have been developed to obtain triploid citrus (Navarro et al., 2002; Ollitrault et al., 2008). One exploits natural events of polyploidization such as 2n gametes using embryo rescue and flow cytometry to select triploids in 2x · 2x crosses. Second meiotic division restitution has been proposed for diploid megagametophyte development in clementine (Luro et al., 2004), whereas Chen et al. (2008) proposed first meiotic division restitution in sweet oranges. In Spain, the structure of mandarin cultivars poses several problems. Mandarins include satsumas, clementines, and mandarin hybrids. Satsumas are harvested from the beginning of September until the beginning of November. They are cultivars with a high degree of parthenocarpy and have sterile pollen and ovules. Clementines are the most representative cultivars of mandarin in Spain. They are picked from mid-September until mid-February. They are self-incompatible, but pollen and ovules are viable, being able to pollinate and to be pollinated by other cultivars. Mandarin hybrids, like ‘Nova’ [C. clementina · (C. paradisi · C. tangerina)], ‘Fortune’ (C. clementina · C. tangerina), and ‘Ortanique’ tangor (natural hybrid between mandarin and C. sinensis), were introduced in the Spanish citriculture to cover the demand of late-season mandarins by international markets. They enable the harvesting period to be extended until May. These hybrids are also self-incompatible, but pollen and ovules are viable and cross-pollinate with clementines, producing fruits with seeds in both groups of cultivars. A triploid breeding program has been carried out in Spain since 1996 based on sexual hybridization, embryo rescue, and ploidy analysis by flow cytometry (Navarro et al., 2002). The objective is to produce new high–quality, late-season and seedless triploid mandarin hybrids. In this article, we describe ‘Garbı´’ mandarin, a new triploid hybrid developed within this program characterized by its high-quality, late-season ripening and seedless fruits. 2017-06-01T10:12:21Z 2017-06-01T10:12:21Z 2010 JAN article publishedVersion Aleza, P., Cuenca, J., Juárez, J., Pina, J. A., & Navarro, L. (2010). ‘Garbi’mandarin: a new late-maturing triploid hybrid. HortScience, 45(1), 139-141. 0018-5345 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/5432 10.21273/HORTSCI.45.1.139 en openAccess Impreso |
| spellingShingle | Aleza, Pablo Cuenca, José Juárez, José Pina, José A. Navarro, Luis "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid |
| title | "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid |
| title_full | "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid |
| title_fullStr | "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid |
| title_full_unstemmed | "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid |
| title_short | "Garbi" Mandarin: A New Late-maturing Triploid Hybrid |
| title_sort | garbi mandarin a new late maturing triploid hybrid |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/5432 |
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