Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices

Soil microbiological and chemical aspects were evaluated to determine the effects of conservation tillage and crop rotation on soil fertility over a 16-year period. A field trial was established to compare two cropping systems (continuous soybean and maize/soybean, soybean/maize rotation). In additi...

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Main Authors: Vargas Gil, Silvina, Meriles, José Manuel, Conforto, Erica Cinthia, Figoni, Gervasio Jose, Basanta, Maria, Lovera, Edgar Francisco, March, Guillermo Juan
Format: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9859
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11274-008-9908-y
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-008-9908-y
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author Vargas Gil, Silvina
Meriles, José Manuel
Conforto, Erica Cinthia
Figoni, Gervasio Jose
Basanta, Maria
Lovera, Edgar Francisco
March, Guillermo Juan
author_browse Basanta, Maria
Conforto, Erica Cinthia
Figoni, Gervasio Jose
Lovera, Edgar Francisco
March, Guillermo Juan
Meriles, José Manuel
Vargas Gil, Silvina
author_facet Vargas Gil, Silvina
Meriles, José Manuel
Conforto, Erica Cinthia
Figoni, Gervasio Jose
Basanta, Maria
Lovera, Edgar Francisco
March, Guillermo Juan
author_sort Vargas Gil, Silvina
collection INTA Digital
description Soil microbiological and chemical aspects were evaluated to determine the effects of conservation tillage and crop rotation on soil fertility over a 16-year period. A field trial was established to compare two cropping systems (continuous soybean and maize/soybean, soybean/maize rotation). In addition, maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L., Merr) were grown in two different tillage systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp. and total fungi were more abundant when maize or soybean were under conservation tillage and in the maize/soybean and soybean/maize rotation, than in continuous soybean. Furthermore, higher levels of microbial respiration and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA), were recorded under no tillage systems. However, soil counts of Actinomycetes and Pythium spp., and Pythium diversity together with soil microbial biomass were not affected by the field treatments. To establish a correlation with soil biological factors, soil chemical parameters, such as pH, organic matter content, total N, electrical conductivity, N–NO3 − and P were also quantified, most of the correlations being significantly positive. Under no tillage there was a clear increase of the amount of crop residues and the C and N soil content due to the presence of residues. Also the distribution of crop residues in surface soil due to zero tillage and the quality of these residues, depending on the crop rotation employed, improved on soil biological and chemical characteristics. Crop yield was also enhanced by zero tillage through the management of residues. Although yield values were not directly associated with the development of microorganisms, both yield and microorganisms were influenced by crop management. These results suggest that measuring soil properties over a long period helps to define effective management strategies in order to preserve soil conditions.
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institution Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina)
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spelling INTA98592022-07-13T19:36:23Z Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices Vargas Gil, Silvina Meriles, José Manuel Conforto, Erica Cinthia Figoni, Gervasio Jose Basanta, Maria Lovera, Edgar Francisco March, Guillermo Juan Crop Rotation Soil Quality Soil Suelo Rotación de Cultivos Calidad del Suelo Microbial Communities Chemical Parameters Soil Health Tillage Systems Soil microbiological and chemical aspects were evaluated to determine the effects of conservation tillage and crop rotation on soil fertility over a 16-year period. A field trial was established to compare two cropping systems (continuous soybean and maize/soybean, soybean/maize rotation). In addition, maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L., Merr) were grown in two different tillage systems: no tillage and reduced tillage. Soil populations of Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp. and total fungi were more abundant when maize or soybean were under conservation tillage and in the maize/soybean and soybean/maize rotation, than in continuous soybean. Furthermore, higher levels of microbial respiration and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA), were recorded under no tillage systems. However, soil counts of Actinomycetes and Pythium spp., and Pythium diversity together with soil microbial biomass were not affected by the field treatments. To establish a correlation with soil biological factors, soil chemical parameters, such as pH, organic matter content, total N, electrical conductivity, N–NO3 − and P were also quantified, most of the correlations being significantly positive. Under no tillage there was a clear increase of the amount of crop residues and the C and N soil content due to the presence of residues. Also the distribution of crop residues in surface soil due to zero tillage and the quality of these residues, depending on the crop rotation employed, improved on soil biological and chemical characteristics. Crop yield was also enhanced by zero tillage through the management of residues. Although yield values were not directly associated with the development of microorganisms, both yield and microorganisms were influenced by crop management. These results suggest that measuring soil properties over a long period helps to define effective management strategies in order to preserve soil conditions. Instituto de Patología Vegetal Fil: Vargas Gil, Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Meriles, José M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV); Argentina Fil: Conforto, Erica Cinthia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal ; Argentina Fil: Figoni, Gervasio Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Basanta, Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; Argentina Fil: Lovera, Edgar Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; Argentina Fil: March, Guillermo Juan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal ; Argentina 2021-07-21T16:37:43Z 2021-07-21T16:37:43Z 2008-11-19 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9859 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11274-008-9908-y 0959-3993 1573-0972 (online) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-008-9908-y eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Springer World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 25 : 439–448 (2009)
spellingShingle Crop Rotation
Soil Quality
Soil
Suelo
Rotación de Cultivos
Calidad del Suelo
Microbial Communities
Chemical Parameters
Soil Health
Tillage Systems
Vargas Gil, Silvina
Meriles, José Manuel
Conforto, Erica Cinthia
Figoni, Gervasio Jose
Basanta, Maria
Lovera, Edgar Francisco
March, Guillermo Juan
Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
title Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
title_full Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
title_fullStr Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
title_full_unstemmed Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
title_short Field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
title_sort field assessment of soil biological and chemical quality in response to crop management practices
topic Crop Rotation
Soil Quality
Soil
Suelo
Rotación de Cultivos
Calidad del Suelo
Microbial Communities
Chemical Parameters
Soil Health
Tillage Systems
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/9859
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11274-008-9908-y
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-008-9908-y
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