Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco
Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to biodiversity and where they co-occur, their combined impact is often larger than their individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of the spatial footprints of these threats is lacking, including where they overlap and how they change ove...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2020
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7260 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ecog.05053 https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05053 |
| _version_ | 1855483972038950912 |
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| author | Romero Muñoz, Alfredo Benitez López, Ana Zurell, Damaris Baumann, Mathias Camino, Micaela Decarre, Julieta del Castillo, Hugo Giordano, Anthony J. Gómez Valencia, Bibiana Levers, Christian Noss, Andrew J. Quiroga, Verónica Thompson, Jeffrey J. Torres, Ricardo Velilla, Marianella Weiler, Andrea Kuemmerle, Tobias |
| author_browse | Baumann, Mathias Benitez López, Ana Camino, Micaela Decarre, Julieta Giordano, Anthony J. Gómez Valencia, Bibiana Kuemmerle, Tobias Levers, Christian Noss, Andrew J. Quiroga, Verónica Romero Muñoz, Alfredo Thompson, Jeffrey J. Torres, Ricardo Velilla, Marianella Weiler, Andrea Zurell, Damaris del Castillo, Hugo |
| author_facet | Romero Muñoz, Alfredo Benitez López, Ana Zurell, Damaris Baumann, Mathias Camino, Micaela Decarre, Julieta del Castillo, Hugo Giordano, Anthony J. Gómez Valencia, Bibiana Levers, Christian Noss, Andrew J. Quiroga, Verónica Thompson, Jeffrey J. Torres, Ricardo Velilla, Marianella Weiler, Andrea Kuemmerle, Tobias |
| author_sort | Romero Muñoz, Alfredo |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to biodiversity and where they co-occur, their combined impact is often larger than their individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of the spatial footprints of these threats is lacking, including where
they overlap and how they change over time. These knowledge gaps are real barriers for effective conservation planning. Here, we develop a novel approach to reconstruct the individual and combined footprints of both threats over time. We combine satellitebased
land-cover change maps, habitat suitability models and hunting pressure models to demonstrate our approach for the community of larger mammals (48 species > 1 kg) across the 1.1 million km2 Gran Chaco region, a global deforestation hotspot covering
parts of Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. This provides three key insights. First, we find that the footprints of habitat destruction and hunting pressure expanded considerably between 1985 and 2015, across ~40% of the entire Chaco – twice the área affected by deforestation. Second, both threats increasingly acted together within the ranges of larger mammals in the Chaco (17% increase on average, ± 20% SD, cumulative increase of co-occurring threats across 465 000 km2), suggesting large synergistic effects. Conversely, core areas of high-quality habitats declined on average by 38%. Third, we identified remaining priority areas for conservation in the northern and central Chaco, many of which are outside the protected area network. We also identify hotspots of high threat impacts in central Paraguay and northern Argentina, providing a spatial template for threat-specific conservation action. Overall, our findings suggest increasing synergistic effects between habitat destruction and hunting pressure in the Chaco, a situation likely common in many tropical deforestation frontiers. Our work highlights how threats can be traced in space and time to understand their individual and combined impact, even in situations where data are sparse. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA7260 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA72602025-09-25T12:27:29Z Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco Romero Muñoz, Alfredo Benitez López, Ana Zurell, Damaris Baumann, Mathias Camino, Micaela Decarre, Julieta del Castillo, Hugo Giordano, Anthony J. Gómez Valencia, Bibiana Levers, Christian Noss, Andrew J. Quiroga, Verónica Thompson, Jeffrey J. Torres, Ricardo Velilla, Marianella Weiler, Andrea Kuemmerle, Tobias Deforestation Resource Depletion Land Use Change Deforestación Chaco Cambio de Uso de la Tierra Conservación de la Naturaleza Nature Conservation Planificación de Conservación Difamación Defaunation Conservation Planning Overexploitation Habitat Loss Pérdida del Hábitat Falta de Recursos Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to biodiversity and where they co-occur, their combined impact is often larger than their individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of the spatial footprints of these threats is lacking, including where they overlap and how they change over time. These knowledge gaps are real barriers for effective conservation planning. Here, we develop a novel approach to reconstruct the individual and combined footprints of both threats over time. We combine satellitebased land-cover change maps, habitat suitability models and hunting pressure models to demonstrate our approach for the community of larger mammals (48 species > 1 kg) across the 1.1 million km2 Gran Chaco region, a global deforestation hotspot covering parts of Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. This provides three key insights. First, we find that the footprints of habitat destruction and hunting pressure expanded considerably between 1985 and 2015, across ~40% of the entire Chaco – twice the área affected by deforestation. Second, both threats increasingly acted together within the ranges of larger mammals in the Chaco (17% increase on average, ± 20% SD, cumulative increase of co-occurring threats across 465 000 km2), suggesting large synergistic effects. Conversely, core areas of high-quality habitats declined on average by 38%. Third, we identified remaining priority areas for conservation in the northern and central Chaco, many of which are outside the protected area network. We also identify hotspots of high threat impacts in central Paraguay and northern Argentina, providing a spatial template for threat-specific conservation action. Overall, our findings suggest increasing synergistic effects between habitat destruction and hunting pressure in the Chaco, a situation likely common in many tropical deforestation frontiers. Our work highlights how threats can be traced in space and time to understand their individual and combined impact, even in situations where data are sparse. Fil: Romero Muñoz, Alfredo. Humboldt University. Geography Departament; Alemania. University of British Columbia. Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES): Canada. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. Department Computational Landscape Ecology; Alemania. Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys). Integrative Research Institute; Alemania Fil: Benitez López, Ana. Radboud University. Institute for Wetland and Water Research. Department of Environmental Science; Holanda. Estación Biológica de Doñana, (EBD-CSIC). Integrative Ecology Group; España Fil: Zurell, Damaris. Humboldt-University. Geography Department; Alemania. University of British Columbia. Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES); Canadá. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. Department Computational Landscape Ecology; Alemania. Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys). Integrative Research Institute; Alemania Fil: Baumann, Mathias. Humboldt-University. Geography Department; Alemania. University of British Columbia. Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES); Canadá. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. Department Computational Landscape Ecology; Alemania. Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys). Integrative Research Institute; Alemania Fil: Camino, Micaela. Proyecto Quimilero, Resistencia; Argentina. Fil: Decarre, Julieta. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina Fil: del Castillo, Hugo. Guyra Paraguay; Paraguay Fil: Giordano, Anthony. Society for the Preservation of Endangered Carnivores and their International Ecological Study (S.P.E.C.I.E.S); Estados Unidos. UCLA Inst. of the Environment and Sustainability. Center for Tropical Research; Estados Unidos Fil: Gómez Valencia, Bibiana. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt; Colombia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Grupo de Estudios de Sistemas Ecológicos en Ambientes Agrícolas; Argentina Fil: Levers, Christian. Humboldt-University. Geography Department; Alemania. University of British Columbia. Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES); Canadá. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. Department Computational Landscape Ecology; Alemania. Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys). Integrative Research Institute; Alemania Fil: Noss, Andrew J. University of Florida. Department of Geography; Estados Unidos Fil: Quiroga, Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Inst. de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA – CONICET), Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas; Argentina Fil: Thompson, Jeffrey J. Guyra Paraguay-CONACYT; Paraguay Fil: Torres, Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Inst. de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA – CONICET), Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas; Argentina Fil: Velilla, Marianella. Guyra Paraguay-CONACYT; Paraguay Fil: Weiler, Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Departamento de Biología; Paraguay Fil: Kuemmerle, Tobias. Humboldt-University. Geography Department; Alemania. University of British Columbia. Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES); Canadá. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. Department Computational Landscape Ecology; Alemania. Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys). Integrative Research Institute; Alemania 2020-05-18T12:30:05Z 2020-05-18T12:30:05Z 2020-03-17 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7260 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ecog.05053 1600-0587 https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05053 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Ecography 43 : 1-13. (2020) |
| spellingShingle | Deforestation Resource Depletion Land Use Change Deforestación Chaco Cambio de Uso de la Tierra Conservación de la Naturaleza Nature Conservation Planificación de Conservación Difamación Defaunation Conservation Planning Overexploitation Habitat Loss Pérdida del Hábitat Falta de Recursos Romero Muñoz, Alfredo Benitez López, Ana Zurell, Damaris Baumann, Mathias Camino, Micaela Decarre, Julieta del Castillo, Hugo Giordano, Anthony J. Gómez Valencia, Bibiana Levers, Christian Noss, Andrew J. Quiroga, Verónica Thompson, Jeffrey J. Torres, Ricardo Velilla, Marianella Weiler, Andrea Kuemmerle, Tobias Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco |
| title | Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco |
| title_full | Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco |
| title_fullStr | Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco |
| title_short | Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco |
| title_sort | increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the gran chaco |
| topic | Deforestation Resource Depletion Land Use Change Deforestación Chaco Cambio de Uso de la Tierra Conservación de la Naturaleza Nature Conservation Planificación de Conservación Difamación Defaunation Conservation Planning Overexploitation Habitat Loss Pérdida del Hábitat Falta de Recursos |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7260 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ecog.05053 https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05053 |
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