Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency

The effects of plant density on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) commercial characteristics are well determined. However, it is not completely clear how the broccoli plant respond to changes in plant shading as a result of different plant densities. The objective of this experimen...

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Autores principales: Francescangeli, Nora, Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel, Martí, Hector Ruben
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304423806002731
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6360
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.06.025
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author Francescangeli, Nora
Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel
Martí, Hector Ruben
author_browse Francescangeli, Nora
Martí, Hector Ruben
Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel
author_facet Francescangeli, Nora
Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel
Martí, Hector Ruben
author_sort Francescangeli, Nora
collection INTA Digital
description The effects of plant density on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) commercial characteristics are well determined. However, it is not completely clear how the broccoli plant respond to changes in plant shading as a result of different plant densities. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of plant density on intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), plant architecture, and plant growth and production. “Legacy” broccoli plants were grown in pots in a greenhouse in the seasons of 2002 and 2003 at 2, 4, 6 or 8 plants m−2 (temperatures: between 10.0 and 16.1 °C, average incident PAR: 12 mol m−2 day−1). Plant density affected the intercepted and accumulated PAR. There were not effects on the length of the vegetative and reproductive periods, the total and final number of leaves, and the spear diameter and fresh weight. The magnitude and evolution of leaf area (LA) was independent of plant density up to 70 days after transplant (dat). Since then on, LA increased linearly with plant density. The highest intercepted PAR was 70–72% with 6–8 plants m−2. With the increase in plant density: the erectness of the upper leaves and stem length increased, the extinction coefficient decreased and commercial spear (inflorescence plus a portion of stem 10 cm long) weight decreased (but it was due to the stem portion of the spear and not to the edible portion). On an area basis, the decrease in commercial spear weight with plant density was more than compensated by the higher number of plants. The radiation use efficiency (RUE) increased proportionally with the leaf area index (LAI) up to a LAI of about 3, and then stabilized. The only effect of plant density on dry weight partitioning was to decrease the dry weight allocated to the stem portion of the spear. As plant density increased, and consequently the degree of shading increased, the net assimilation rate (NAR) decreased and the leaf area ratio (LAR) increased. This compensatory change between NAR and LAR, kept the relative growth rate (RGR) for individual plants almost constant.
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spelling INTA63602020-01-10T12:55:34Z Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency Francescangeli, Nora Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel Martí, Hector Ruben Hortalizas de Inflorescencia Cultivo de Crucíferas Brúcoli Brassica Oleracea Italica Espaciamiento Umbría Rendimiento Radiación Crecimiento Superficie Foliar Índice de Superficie Foliar Inflorescence Vegetables Cole Crops Broccoli Spacing Shading Yields Radiation Growth Leaf Area Leaf Area Index Radiación Fotosintéticamente Activa Eficiencia en el Uso de la Radiación Tasa de Asimilación Neta Tasa de Crecimiento Relativo Relación de Área Foliar Photosynthetically Active Radiation Radiation-use efficiency Net Assimilation Rate Relative Growth Rate Leaf Area Ratio The effects of plant density on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) commercial characteristics are well determined. However, it is not completely clear how the broccoli plant respond to changes in plant shading as a result of different plant densities. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of plant density on intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), plant architecture, and plant growth and production. “Legacy” broccoli plants were grown in pots in a greenhouse in the seasons of 2002 and 2003 at 2, 4, 6 or 8 plants m−2 (temperatures: between 10.0 and 16.1 °C, average incident PAR: 12 mol m−2 day−1). Plant density affected the intercepted and accumulated PAR. There were not effects on the length of the vegetative and reproductive periods, the total and final number of leaves, and the spear diameter and fresh weight. The magnitude and evolution of leaf area (LA) was independent of plant density up to 70 days after transplant (dat). Since then on, LA increased linearly with plant density. The highest intercepted PAR was 70–72% with 6–8 plants m−2. With the increase in plant density: the erectness of the upper leaves and stem length increased, the extinction coefficient decreased and commercial spear (inflorescence plus a portion of stem 10 cm long) weight decreased (but it was due to the stem portion of the spear and not to the edible portion). On an area basis, the decrease in commercial spear weight with plant density was more than compensated by the higher number of plants. The radiation use efficiency (RUE) increased proportionally with the leaf area index (LAI) up to a LAI of about 3, and then stabilized. The only effect of plant density on dry weight partitioning was to decrease the dry weight allocated to the stem portion of the spear. As plant density increased, and consequently the degree of shading increased, the net assimilation rate (NAR) decreased and the leaf area ratio (LAR) increased. This compensatory change between NAR and LAR, kept the relative growth rate (RGR) for individual plants almost constant. EEA San Pedro Fil: Francescangeli, Nora. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; Argentina Fil: Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel. Universidad Nacional de Luján, Departamento de Tecnología; Argentina Fil: Martí, Héctor Rubén. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; Argentina 2019-11-21T13:06:47Z 2019-11-21T13:06:47Z 2006 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304423806002731 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6360 0304-4238 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.06.025 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Elsevier Scientia Horticulturae 110 (2) : 135-143. (October 2006)
spellingShingle Hortalizas de Inflorescencia
Cultivo de Crucíferas
Brúcoli
Brassica Oleracea Italica
Espaciamiento
Umbría
Rendimiento
Radiación
Crecimiento
Superficie Foliar
Índice de Superficie Foliar
Inflorescence Vegetables
Cole Crops
Broccoli
Spacing
Shading
Yields
Radiation
Growth
Leaf Area
Leaf Area Index
Radiación Fotosintéticamente Activa
Eficiencia en el Uso de la Radiación
Tasa de Asimilación Neta
Tasa de Crecimiento Relativo
Relación de Área Foliar
Photosynthetically Active Radiation
Radiation-use efficiency
Net Assimilation Rate
Relative Growth Rate
Leaf Area Ratio
Francescangeli, Nora
Sangiacomo, Miguel Angel
Martí, Hector Ruben
Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
title Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
title_full Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
title_fullStr Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
title_full_unstemmed Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
title_short Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
title_sort effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency
topic Hortalizas de Inflorescencia
Cultivo de Crucíferas
Brúcoli
Brassica Oleracea Italica
Espaciamiento
Umbría
Rendimiento
Radiación
Crecimiento
Superficie Foliar
Índice de Superficie Foliar
Inflorescence Vegetables
Cole Crops
Broccoli
Spacing
Shading
Yields
Radiation
Growth
Leaf Area
Leaf Area Index
Radiación Fotosintéticamente Activa
Eficiencia en el Uso de la Radiación
Tasa de Asimilación Neta
Tasa de Crecimiento Relativo
Relación de Área Foliar
Photosynthetically Active Radiation
Radiation-use efficiency
Net Assimilation Rate
Relative Growth Rate
Leaf Area Ratio
url https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304423806002731
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6360
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.06.025
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AT sangiacomomiguelangel effectsofplantdensityinbroccolionyieldandradiationuseefficiency
AT martihectorruben effectsofplantdensityinbroccolionyieldandradiationuseefficiency