Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences
The Gran Chaco is a wide ecologic-geographic region comprising northern Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Bolivia and the southwestern extreme of Brazil. This region exhibits extreme temperatures, annually regular frosts, and sedimentary soils; it has been dramatically threatened by agriculture...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
Plos ONE
2019
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0220151 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6327 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220151 |
| _version_ | 1855035655421165568 |
|---|---|
| author | Morales, Matias Oakley, Luis Bagnatori Sartori, Angela Lucia B. Mogni, Virginia Y. Atahuachi, Margoth Vanni, Ricardo O. Fortunato, Renee Hersilia Prado, Darién E. |
| author_browse | Atahuachi, Margoth Bagnatori Sartori, Angela Lucia B. Fortunato, Renee Hersilia Mogni, Virginia Y. Morales, Matias Oakley, Luis Prado, Darién E. Vanni, Ricardo O. |
| author_facet | Morales, Matias Oakley, Luis Bagnatori Sartori, Angela Lucia B. Mogni, Virginia Y. Atahuachi, Margoth Vanni, Ricardo O. Fortunato, Renee Hersilia Prado, Darién E. |
| author_sort | Morales, Matias |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | The Gran Chaco is a wide ecologic-geographic region comprising northern Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Bolivia and the southwestern extreme of Brazil. This region exhibits extreme temperatures, annually regular frosts, and sedimentary soils; it has been dramatically threatened by agriculture expansion in recent decades. Therefore, increasing knowledge of plant diversity is critical for conservation purposes. We present a Legume checklist of the Gran Chaco ecoregion including conservation status of its endemic species. Leguminosae is the third most diverse plant family in the Neotropics. Assuming a rigorous spatial definition of the Gran Chaco, we recorded 98 genera, 362 species, and 404 specific and infraspecific taxa. Endemic/typical taxa were 17%, comparable to adjacent tropical plant formations, and they were found in higher percentages in Caesalpinioideae (24%) and Cercidoideae (33%) than Papilionoideae (11%) subfamily. We also analyzed the plant diversity comparing lineages and subregions. The Gran Chaco Legumes are predominantly widespread generalists, or they belong to either Chaco sensu stricto or Neotropical Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF) lineages. Though the Humid Chaco registered the highest species richness, Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, the most threatrened subregions, exhibited the highest percentages of exclusive and proper Chaco-lineage species. These results suggest that diversification of Legumes has been most relevant in Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, probably by their more demanding and harsh environmental conditions limiting the dispersion of generalists or intrusive-invading species. This study is paramount to reach an improved delimitation of the Gran Chaco ecoregion in transitional areas with the SDTF and Cerrado formations. Conservation status is critical in genera of high economic interest, such as Arachis, Mimosa and Prosopis. At least one third of endemic taxa exhibit a critical status of conservation or are endangered, many of them being relevant to inbreeding program or exhibiting multiple economic uses. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA6327 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Plos ONE |
| publisherStr | Plos ONE |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA63272024-12-27T10:00:05Z Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences Morales, Matias Oakley, Luis Bagnatori Sartori, Angela Lucia B. Mogni, Virginia Y. Atahuachi, Margoth Vanni, Ricardo O. Fortunato, Renee Hersilia Prado, Darién E. Seasonality Forestry Neotropical Region Biogeography Estacionalidad Ciencias Forestales Región Neotropical Biogeografía Fabaceae The Gran Chaco is a wide ecologic-geographic region comprising northern Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Bolivia and the southwestern extreme of Brazil. This region exhibits extreme temperatures, annually regular frosts, and sedimentary soils; it has been dramatically threatened by agriculture expansion in recent decades. Therefore, increasing knowledge of plant diversity is critical for conservation purposes. We present a Legume checklist of the Gran Chaco ecoregion including conservation status of its endemic species. Leguminosae is the third most diverse plant family in the Neotropics. Assuming a rigorous spatial definition of the Gran Chaco, we recorded 98 genera, 362 species, and 404 specific and infraspecific taxa. Endemic/typical taxa were 17%, comparable to adjacent tropical plant formations, and they were found in higher percentages in Caesalpinioideae (24%) and Cercidoideae (33%) than Papilionoideae (11%) subfamily. We also analyzed the plant diversity comparing lineages and subregions. The Gran Chaco Legumes are predominantly widespread generalists, or they belong to either Chaco sensu stricto or Neotropical Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF) lineages. Though the Humid Chaco registered the highest species richness, Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, the most threatrened subregions, exhibited the highest percentages of exclusive and proper Chaco-lineage species. These results suggest that diversification of Legumes has been most relevant in Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, probably by their more demanding and harsh environmental conditions limiting the dispersion of generalists or intrusive-invading species. This study is paramount to reach an improved delimitation of the Gran Chaco ecoregion in transitional areas with the SDTF and Cerrado formations. Conservation status is critical in genera of high economic interest, such as Arachis, Mimosa and Prosopis. At least one third of endemic taxa exhibit a critical status of conservation or are endangered, many of them being relevant to inbreeding program or exhibiting multiple economic uses. Fil: Morales, Matías. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina Fil: Oakley, Luis. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Campo Experimental Villarino; Argentina. Red List Authority Coordinator for the Temperate South American Plant Specialist Groups -International Union for Conservation of Nature; Reino Unido Fil: Sartori, Angela L.B. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Instituto de Biociências. Laboratorio de Sistemática Vegetal; Brasil Fil: Mogni, Virginia Y. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Campo Experimental Villarino; Argentina Fil: Atahuachi, Margoth Universidad Mayor de San Simón. Centro de Biodiversidad y Genética. Herbario Forestal Nacional M. Cárdenas; Bolivia Fil: Vanni, Ricardo O. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Fortunato, Renné Hersilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Morón. Facultad de Agronomía y Ciencias Agroalimentarias; Argentina Fil: Prado, Darién E. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Campo Experimental Villarino. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias IICAR (UNR-CONICET); Argentina 2019-11-19T13:09:23Z 2019-11-19T13:09:23Z 2019-08-14 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0220151 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6327 1932-6203 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220151 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Plos ONE PLoS ONE 14(8 ): e0220151 (August 2019) |
| spellingShingle | Seasonality Forestry Neotropical Region Biogeography Estacionalidad Ciencias Forestales Región Neotropical Biogeografía Fabaceae Morales, Matias Oakley, Luis Bagnatori Sartori, Angela Lucia B. Mogni, Virginia Y. Atahuachi, Margoth Vanni, Ricardo O. Fortunato, Renee Hersilia Prado, Darién E. Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| title | Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| title_full | Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| title_fullStr | Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| title_short | Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| title_sort | diversity and conservation of legumes in the gran chaco and biogeograpical inferences |
| topic | Seasonality Forestry Neotropical Region Biogeography Estacionalidad Ciencias Forestales Región Neotropical Biogeografía Fabaceae |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0220151 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6327 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220151 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT moralesmatias diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT oakleyluis diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT bagnatorisartoriangelaluciab diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT mognivirginiay diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT atahuachimargoth diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT vanniricardoo diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT fortunatoreneehersilia diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences AT pradodariene diversityandconservationoflegumesinthegranchacoandbiogeograpicalinferences |