Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources
The North of Argentina is one of the southernmost areas of maize landrace cultivation. Two distinct centres of diversity have been distinguished within this region: Northwestern Argentina (NWA), and Northeastern Argentina (NEA). Nowadays, maize landraces from this area are faced with two main risks....
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Wiley
2019
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| Online Access: | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00544.x http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6271 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00544.x |
| _version_ | 1855483780150591488 |
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| author | Bracco, Mariana Lia, Veronica Viviana Hernández, J.C. Poggio, Lidia Gottlieb, Alexandra Marina |
| author_browse | Bracco, Mariana Gottlieb, Alexandra Marina Hernández, J.C. Lia, Veronica Viviana Poggio, Lidia |
| author_facet | Bracco, Mariana Lia, Veronica Viviana Hernández, J.C. Poggio, Lidia Gottlieb, Alexandra Marina |
| author_sort | Bracco, Mariana |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | The North of Argentina is one of the southernmost areas of maize landrace cultivation. Two distinct centres of diversity have been distinguished within this region: Northwestern Argentina (NWA), and Northeastern Argentina (NEA). Nowadays, maize landraces from this area are faced with two main risks. On the one hand, significant structural and functional changes have modified the rural environment with the boundaries of cropland areas experiencing a rapid expansion at the expense of northern natural forests and rangelands; and on the other, native gene pools are increasingly threatened by hybrids and commercial varieties which are more attractive relative to landraces. The first step towards any conservational action is the acquisition of an inclusive knowledge of the biological resources. For this purpose, our study assesses the genetic diversity and population dynamics of maize landraces from Northern Argentina using microsatellite markers. The Northeastern lowland region (NEA) was represented by 12 landraces (19 populations). In addition, six landraces (eight populations) from the Northwestern highland region (NWA) were used for comparison. For the NEA data set, a total of 126 alleles were found, with an average of 10.5 alleles per locus. Mean Ho, He and Rs were 0.350, 0.467 and 2.72, respectively. Global fit to Hardy–Weinberg proportions was observed in 7 of 19 populations. Global estimates of FST revealed significant differentiation among populations. Bayesian analyses of population structure allowed the recognition of two main gene pools (popcorns versus floury landraces). When NWA was added to the analysis, three clusters were distinguished: NEA popcorns, NEA flours and NWA racial complexes. Additional information on the relationships among these groups was retrieved from cluster analyses. This study shows that lowland landraces from Northern Argentina harbour considerable levels of genetic diversity, with contributions from different gene pools. Further studies encompassing a larger number of populations from the NEA region will certainly help to detect additional genetic variation, which may prove highly valuable in germplasm conservation and management. Future conservation efforts should focus on preserving NEA popcorns, NEA floury and NWA racial complexes as different management units. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA6271 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| publisherStr | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA62712019-11-04T12:38:51Z Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources Bracco, Mariana Lia, Veronica Viviana Hernández, J.C. Poggio, Lidia Gottlieb, Alexandra Marina Maíz Cultivo Diversidad Genética (como Recurso) Agroecosistemas Conservación de los Recursos Marcadores Genéticos Microsatélites Argentina Maize Cultivation Genetic Diversity (as Resource) Agroecosystems Resource Conservation Genetic Markers Microsatellites Marcadores Moleculares Región Noroeste, Argentina Región Noreste, Argentina The North of Argentina is one of the southernmost areas of maize landrace cultivation. Two distinct centres of diversity have been distinguished within this region: Northwestern Argentina (NWA), and Northeastern Argentina (NEA). Nowadays, maize landraces from this area are faced with two main risks. On the one hand, significant structural and functional changes have modified the rural environment with the boundaries of cropland areas experiencing a rapid expansion at the expense of northern natural forests and rangelands; and on the other, native gene pools are increasingly threatened by hybrids and commercial varieties which are more attractive relative to landraces. The first step towards any conservational action is the acquisition of an inclusive knowledge of the biological resources. For this purpose, our study assesses the genetic diversity and population dynamics of maize landraces from Northern Argentina using microsatellite markers. The Northeastern lowland region (NEA) was represented by 12 landraces (19 populations). In addition, six landraces (eight populations) from the Northwestern highland region (NWA) were used for comparison. For the NEA data set, a total of 126 alleles were found, with an average of 10.5 alleles per locus. Mean Ho, He and Rs were 0.350, 0.467 and 2.72, respectively. Global fit to Hardy–Weinberg proportions was observed in 7 of 19 populations. Global estimates of FST revealed significant differentiation among populations. Bayesian analyses of population structure allowed the recognition of two main gene pools (popcorns versus floury landraces). When NWA was added to the analysis, three clusters were distinguished: NEA popcorns, NEA flours and NWA racial complexes. Additional information on the relationships among these groups was retrieved from cluster analyses. This study shows that lowland landraces from Northern Argentina harbour considerable levels of genetic diversity, with contributions from different gene pools. Further studies encompassing a larger number of populations from the NEA region will certainly help to detect additional genetic variation, which may prove highly valuable in germplasm conservation and management. Future conservation efforts should focus on preserving NEA popcorns, NEA floury and NWA racial complexes as different management units. Instituto de Biotecnología Fil: Bracco, Mariana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Laboratorio de Citogenética y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Lia, Veronica Viviana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fil: Hernández, J.C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Laboratorio de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; Argentina Fil: Poggio, Lidia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Laboratorio de Citogenética y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Gottlieb, Alexandra Marina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Laboratorio de Citogenética y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina 2019-11-04T12:36:07Z 2019-11-04T12:36:07Z 2012-05 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00544.x http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6271 0003-4746 1744-7348 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00544.x eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Wiley Annals of Applied Biology 160 (3) : 308-321 (May 2012) |
| spellingShingle | Maíz Cultivo Diversidad Genética (como Recurso) Agroecosistemas Conservación de los Recursos Marcadores Genéticos Microsatélites Argentina Maize Cultivation Genetic Diversity (as Resource) Agroecosystems Resource Conservation Genetic Markers Microsatellites Marcadores Moleculares Región Noroeste, Argentina Región Noreste, Argentina Bracco, Mariana Lia, Veronica Viviana Hernández, J.C. Poggio, Lidia Gottlieb, Alexandra Marina Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources |
| title | Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources |
| title_full | Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources |
| title_fullStr | Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources |
| title_short | Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources |
| title_sort | genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro ecosystems of southern south america implications for the conservation of native resources |
| topic | Maíz Cultivo Diversidad Genética (como Recurso) Agroecosistemas Conservación de los Recursos Marcadores Genéticos Microsatélites Argentina Maize Cultivation Genetic Diversity (as Resource) Agroecosystems Resource Conservation Genetic Markers Microsatellites Marcadores Moleculares Región Noroeste, Argentina Región Noreste, Argentina |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00544.x http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6271 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00544.x |
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