Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize

Yield formation in maize (Zea mays L.) dent hybrids has been directly linked to the rate of plant biomass accumulation and partitioning of assimilates to the developing grain. Maize popcorn genotypes have been studied less extensively, but their kernels are known to differ in terms of endosperm stru...

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Autores principales: Severini, Alan David, Borrás, Lucas, Westgate, Mark E., Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429010002960
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6113
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.11.013
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author Severini, Alan David
Borrás, Lucas
Westgate, Mark E.
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
author_browse Borrás, Lucas
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Severini, Alan David
Westgate, Mark E.
author_facet Severini, Alan David
Borrás, Lucas
Westgate, Mark E.
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
author_sort Severini, Alan David
collection INTA Digital
description Yield formation in maize (Zea mays L.) dent hybrids has been directly linked to the rate of plant biomass accumulation and partitioning of assimilates to the developing grain. Maize popcorn genotypes have been studied less extensively, but their kernels are known to differ in terms of endosperm structure and typical growth patterns. Our objective was to evaluate how variation in plant growth rate (PGR) at different stages of kernel formation and development affected kernel number per plant (KNP), individual kernel weight (KW) and rate and duration of kernel growth in popcorn genotypes, relative to dent ones. We conducted three experiments (two in Ames, Iowa, and one in Pergamino, Argentina) in which PGRs around flowering and during the linear phase of the grain-filling period of four dent and eight popcorn genotypes were altered by plant density, defoliations and thinning treatments. Yield per plant, KNP, KW, rate and duration of kernel growth all showed significant kernel type (popcorns vs. dents) effects (p < 0.01). KNP was highly correlated with ear biomass accumulated around flowering in dents and popcorns, and popcorns showed a higher efficiency for setting kernels per unit of ear biomass accumulated around flowering (p < 0.01). Popcorn inbred R18 in particular showed a significantly higher efficiency, consistent across experiments. Relationships between potential KW at early grain filling or kernel growth rate and the PGR per kernel around flowering were different for dent and popcorn genotypes. Most popcorns established a lower potential KW compared to dent genotypes at similar PGRs per kernel around flowering. Also, popcorn kernels were less prone to decrease KW in response to severe reductions in plant growth during the linear phase of the grain-filling period as promoted by defoliation treatments (significant kernel type × source manipulation treatment interaction, p < 0.001). Despite different patterns of KNP and KW determination, yield variation across dent and popcorn genotypes and environments corresponded closely to the potential sink capacity established by the end of the lag phase 14 days after anthesis. This result emphasizes the importance of the flowering period to establish KN and KW across different maize germplasm.
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spelling INTA61132019-10-15T14:32:53Z Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize Severini, Alan David Borrás, Lucas Westgate, Mark E. Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel Maíz Variedades Maíz de Palomitas Germen Rendimiento Caracteres de Rendimiento Maize Varieties Popcorn Kernels Yields Yield Components Yield formation in maize (Zea mays L.) dent hybrids has been directly linked to the rate of plant biomass accumulation and partitioning of assimilates to the developing grain. Maize popcorn genotypes have been studied less extensively, but their kernels are known to differ in terms of endosperm structure and typical growth patterns. Our objective was to evaluate how variation in plant growth rate (PGR) at different stages of kernel formation and development affected kernel number per plant (KNP), individual kernel weight (KW) and rate and duration of kernel growth in popcorn genotypes, relative to dent ones. We conducted three experiments (two in Ames, Iowa, and one in Pergamino, Argentina) in which PGRs around flowering and during the linear phase of the grain-filling period of four dent and eight popcorn genotypes were altered by plant density, defoliations and thinning treatments. Yield per plant, KNP, KW, rate and duration of kernel growth all showed significant kernel type (popcorns vs. dents) effects (p < 0.01). KNP was highly correlated with ear biomass accumulated around flowering in dents and popcorns, and popcorns showed a higher efficiency for setting kernels per unit of ear biomass accumulated around flowering (p < 0.01). Popcorn inbred R18 in particular showed a significantly higher efficiency, consistent across experiments. Relationships between potential KW at early grain filling or kernel growth rate and the PGR per kernel around flowering were different for dent and popcorn genotypes. Most popcorns established a lower potential KW compared to dent genotypes at similar PGRs per kernel around flowering. Also, popcorn kernels were less prone to decrease KW in response to severe reductions in plant growth during the linear phase of the grain-filling period as promoted by defoliation treatments (significant kernel type × source manipulation treatment interaction, p < 0.001). Despite different patterns of KNP and KW determination, yield variation across dent and popcorn genotypes and environments corresponded closely to the potential sink capacity established by the end of the lag phase 14 days after anthesis. This result emphasizes the importance of the flowering period to establish KN and KW across different maize germplasm. EEA Pergamino Fil: Severini, Alan David. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; Argentina Fil: Borrás, Lucas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Westgate, Mark E. Iowa State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos Fil: Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; Argentina 2019-10-15T14:30:39Z 2019-10-15T14:30:39Z 2011-02 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429010002960 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6113 0378-4290 1872-6852 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.11.013 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Elsevier Field Crops Research 120 (3) : 360-369 (February 2011)
spellingShingle Maíz
Variedades
Maíz de Palomitas
Germen
Rendimiento
Caracteres de Rendimiento
Maize
Varieties
Popcorn
Kernels
Yields
Yield Components
Severini, Alan David
Borrás, Lucas
Westgate, Mark E.
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
title Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
title_full Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
title_fullStr Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
title_full_unstemmed Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
title_short Kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
title_sort kernel number and kernel weight determination in dent and popcorn maize
topic Maíz
Variedades
Maíz de Palomitas
Germen
Rendimiento
Caracteres de Rendimiento
Maize
Varieties
Popcorn
Kernels
Yields
Yield Components
url https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429010002960
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6113
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.11.013
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