Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus
Background: The absence of virus expression during the chronic stage of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and its reactivation upon ex vivo culture has become a long-lived Dogma. During the chronic stage of BLV infection the immune response limits viral replication and the mitotic division of...
| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5506 https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-019-1908-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1908-7 |
| _version_ | 1855035510240575488 |
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| author | Jaworski, Juan Pablo Petersen, Marcos Iván Carignano, Hugo Trono, Karina Gabriela |
| author_browse | Carignano, Hugo Jaworski, Juan Pablo Petersen, Marcos Iván Trono, Karina Gabriela |
| author_facet | Jaworski, Juan Pablo Petersen, Marcos Iván Carignano, Hugo Trono, Karina Gabriela |
| author_sort | Jaworski, Juan Pablo |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Background:
The absence of virus expression during the chronic stage of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and its reactivation upon ex vivo culture has become a long-lived Dogma. During the chronic stage of BLV infection the immune response limits viral replication and the mitotic division of latently infected cells, carrying BLV provirus, allows viral expansion and disease progression towards a lymphoproliferative disorder. Several stressor factors have been associated with animal production and handling. As natural mediator of stress, glucocorticoids are strong immunosuppressive agents; moreover, they can bind long-terminal repeat region of retroviruses and induce viral expression. In the present study, we present a case report describing the spontaneous reactivation of BLV infection in naturally infected cattle.
Case presentation:
In order to investigate if virus reactivation occurred in vivo during the course of BLV infection, we followed up for 328 days one Holstein cow (> 3 years) chronically infected with BLV which presented high-proviral loads. This animal was neither lactating nor pregnant. Furthermore, we investigated if a stressor stimulus, in this case the administration of a synthetic glucocorticoid (dexamethasone), could impact the course of BLV infection in three additional cattle. For the first time, we observed a high level of BLV transcripts in a total of four cattle chronically infected with BLV. The detection of viral transcripts corresponding to pol gene strongly suggests virus reactivation in these animals. Interestingly, this simultaneous virus reactivation was unrelated to dexamethasone treatment.
Conclusions:
We reported for the first time spontaneous and high level of BLV transcriptional activation in cattle chronically infected with BLV. Although virus reactivation was unrelated to dexamethasone treatment, other stressor stimuli might have influenced this outcome. Future studies will be necessary to understand these observations, since the spontaneous virus reactivation presented here might have implications on BLV pathogenesis and transmission. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA5506 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | BioMed Central |
| publisherStr | BioMed Central |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA55062019-07-16T12:07:34Z Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus Jaworski, Juan Pablo Petersen, Marcos Iván Carignano, Hugo Trono, Karina Gabriela Bovine Leukaemia Virus Infection Virus Leucemia Bovina Infección Retrovirus Retroviruses Transcriptional Activation BLV Background: The absence of virus expression during the chronic stage of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and its reactivation upon ex vivo culture has become a long-lived Dogma. During the chronic stage of BLV infection the immune response limits viral replication and the mitotic division of latently infected cells, carrying BLV provirus, allows viral expansion and disease progression towards a lymphoproliferative disorder. Several stressor factors have been associated with animal production and handling. As natural mediator of stress, glucocorticoids are strong immunosuppressive agents; moreover, they can bind long-terminal repeat region of retroviruses and induce viral expression. In the present study, we present a case report describing the spontaneous reactivation of BLV infection in naturally infected cattle. Case presentation: In order to investigate if virus reactivation occurred in vivo during the course of BLV infection, we followed up for 328 days one Holstein cow (> 3 years) chronically infected with BLV which presented high-proviral loads. This animal was neither lactating nor pregnant. Furthermore, we investigated if a stressor stimulus, in this case the administration of a synthetic glucocorticoid (dexamethasone), could impact the course of BLV infection in three additional cattle. For the first time, we observed a high level of BLV transcripts in a total of four cattle chronically infected with BLV. The detection of viral transcripts corresponding to pol gene strongly suggests virus reactivation in these animals. Interestingly, this simultaneous virus reactivation was unrelated to dexamethasone treatment. Conclusions: We reported for the first time spontaneous and high level of BLV transcriptional activation in cattle chronically infected with BLV. Although virus reactivation was unrelated to dexamethasone treatment, other stressor stimuli might have influenced this outcome. Future studies will be necessary to understand these observations, since the spontaneous virus reactivation presented here might have implications on BLV pathogenesis and transmission. Instituto de Virología Fil: Jaworski, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina Fil: Petersen, Marcos Iván. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina Fil: Carignano, Hugo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina Fil: Trono, Karina Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina 2019-07-16T12:03:22Z 2019-07-16T12:03:22Z 2019 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5506 https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-019-1908-7 1746-6148 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1908-7 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf BioMed Central BMC Veterinary research 15 : 150. (2019) |
| spellingShingle | Bovine Leukaemia Virus Infection Virus Leucemia Bovina Infección Retrovirus Retroviruses Transcriptional Activation BLV Jaworski, Juan Pablo Petersen, Marcos Iván Carignano, Hugo Trono, Karina Gabriela Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| title | Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| title_full | Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| title_fullStr | Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| title_short | Spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| title_sort | spontaneous virus reactivation in cattle chronically infected with bovine leukemia virus |
| topic | Bovine Leukaemia Virus Infection Virus Leucemia Bovina Infección Retrovirus Retroviruses Transcriptional Activation BLV |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5506 https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-019-1908-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1908-7 |
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