Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina)
Deforestation of Chacoan native forests and reorientation of land use are transforming the region into agricultural use. The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of different land uses on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina). We assessed the behaviour of soil parameters ov...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo
2019
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://sjss.universia.net/article/view/3504/long-term-impact-grazing-tillage-soil-quality-semi-arid-chaco-argentina- http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5387 https://doi.org/10.3232/SJSS.2019.V9.N1.02 |
| _version_ | 1855035488976502784 |
|---|---|
| author | Banegas, Natalia Romina Maza, Marianela Viruel, Emilce Nasca, Jose Andres Canteros, Francisco H. Corbella, Roberto Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés |
| author_browse | Banegas, Natalia Romina Canteros, Francisco H. Corbella, Roberto Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés Maza, Marianela Nasca, Jose Andres Viruel, Emilce |
| author_facet | Banegas, Natalia Romina Maza, Marianela Viruel, Emilce Nasca, Jose Andres Canteros, Francisco H. Corbella, Roberto Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés |
| author_sort | Banegas, Natalia Romina |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Deforestation of Chacoan native forests and reorientation of land use are transforming the region into agricultural use. The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of different land uses on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina). We assessed the behaviour of soil parameters over four years of experimental conditions: 1) Exclosure pasture (EP) used as reference level, 2) Grazed pasture (GP), 3) Grazed pasture transformed to agriculture with Zero tillage (ZT) and 4) Grazed pasture transformed to agriculture under Conventional tillage (CT). Soil organic carbon, particulate and heavy organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), C:N ratio, pH, electric conductivity and soil respiration were measured. Soil samples were taken yearly at 0-5, 5-20 and 20-40 cm of soil depth. Differences among treatments across time were assessed by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) with time (years) as covariate factor, treatments as group factor and individual scores from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as responses. Correlated changes in the soil characteristics were detected, especially at the top soil layer. Both carbon and nitrogen contents increased in both GP and ZT systems. An opposite trend was found for CT, which also had a negative impact on salinity. Both land use change and management practices in the Chaco region represent the main human activities that modify the landscape; thus, they should be analysed by recognizing heterogeneity on farming practices and identifying their impacts on a specific site. The results of this work reinforce the utility of soil organic carbon as a single parameter for monitoring land management systems, especially for monitoring large region like Chaco that are subject to continuous transformation processes. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA5387 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo |
| publisherStr | Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA53872019-06-28T12:56:05Z Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) Banegas, Natalia Romina Maza, Marianela Viruel, Emilce Nasca, Jose Andres Canteros, Francisco H. Corbella, Roberto Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés Suelo Calidad del Suelo Labranza Pastoreo Zona Semiárida Impacto Ambiental Soil Soil Quality Tillage Grazing Semiarid Zones Environmental Impact Región Chaqueña Deforestation of Chacoan native forests and reorientation of land use are transforming the region into agricultural use. The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of different land uses on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina). We assessed the behaviour of soil parameters over four years of experimental conditions: 1) Exclosure pasture (EP) used as reference level, 2) Grazed pasture (GP), 3) Grazed pasture transformed to agriculture with Zero tillage (ZT) and 4) Grazed pasture transformed to agriculture under Conventional tillage (CT). Soil organic carbon, particulate and heavy organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), C:N ratio, pH, electric conductivity and soil respiration were measured. Soil samples were taken yearly at 0-5, 5-20 and 20-40 cm of soil depth. Differences among treatments across time were assessed by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) with time (years) as covariate factor, treatments as group factor and individual scores from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as responses. Correlated changes in the soil characteristics were detected, especially at the top soil layer. Both carbon and nitrogen contents increased in both GP and ZT systems. An opposite trend was found for CT, which also had a negative impact on salinity. Both land use change and management practices in the Chaco region represent the main human activities that modify the landscape; thus, they should be analysed by recognizing heterogeneity on farming practices and identifying their impacts on a specific site. The results of this work reinforce the utility of soil organic carbon as a single parameter for monitoring land management systems, especially for monitoring large region like Chaco that are subject to continuous transformation processes. La deforestación del bosque nativo chaqueño y la reorientación del uso del suelo están en camino de transformar la región hacia uso agrícola. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el impacto de diferentes prácticas de uso sobre la calidad del suelo en el Chaco semiárido (Argentina). Estudiamos el comportamiento de parámetros edáficos a lo largo de cuatro años de condiciones experimentales: 1) Clausura (EP) usada como nivel de referencia, 2) Ganadería pastoril (GP), 3) Agricultura vía siembra directa (ZT) y 4) Agricultura vía labranza convencional (CT). Se midieron los parámetros de carbono orgánico del suelo, carbono orgánico (C) particulado y pesado, nitrógeno total (N), C:N ratio, pH, conductividad eléctrica y respiración del suelo. Las muestras fueron tomadas anualmente a 0-5, 5-20 y 20-40 cm de profundidad de suelo. Las diferencias entre tratamientos a lo largo del tiempo fueron evaluadas por un Análisis de Covarianza (ANCOVA) con el tiempo (años) como covariable, los tratamientos como factor grupal y los valores de los componentes resultantes del Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA) como respuestas. Se detectaron cambios correlacionados con las características del suelo, especialmente en la capa superficial del suelo. Los contenidos de nutrientes incrementaron en los sistemas GP y ZT. Una tendencia opuesta fue detectada para CT donde, además, hubo un impacto negativo sobre la salinidad. Tanto el cambio en el uso del suelo como en las prácticas de manejo dentro de la región del Chaco representan las principales actividades humanas que modifican el paisaje; de esta forma, estas deberían ser analizadas reconociendo la heterogeneidad en las prácticas de producción e identificando sus impactos en sitios específicos. Los resultados de este trabajo refuerzan la utilidad del carbono orgánico del suelo como parámetro individual para monitorear sistemas de manejo de la tierra, especialmente regiones extensas como Chaco que están sujetas a continuos procesos de transformación. A desflorestação da mata nativa do Chaco e a reorientação do uso do solo estão a transformar a região no sentido do seu uso agrícola. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto de diferentes práticas de uso na qualidade do solo no Chaco semi-árido. Foi estudado o comportamento, ao longo de quatro anos, dos parâmetros edáficos em condições experimentais: 1) Pastagem de exclusão (PE) utilizada como nível de referência, 2) Pastagem Ativa (GP), 3) Pastagem transformada em agricultura com sementeira direta (ZT) e 4) Pastagem transformada em agricultura sob preparação convencional (CT). Determinou-se no solo o carbono orgânico, o carbono orgânico particulado e pesado (C), o nitrogénio total (N), a relação C:N, pH, condutividade elétrica e a respiração do solo. As amostras de solo foram colhidas anualmente a 0-5, 5-20 e 20-40 cm de profundidade. As diferenças entre tratamentos ao longo do tempo foram avaliadas por Análise de Covariância (ANCOVA) com o tempo (anos) como uma covariável, os tratamentos como fator de grupo e os valores dos componentes resultantes de Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) como respostas. Foram detetadas alterações correlacionadas com as características do solo, principalmente na sua camada superficial. As concentrações em carbono e nitrogénio aumentaram nos sistemas GP e ZT. Uma tendência oposta foi observada para o sistema TC, onde, além disso, houve um impacto negativo na salinidade. A mudança no uso da terra e as práticas de gestão na região do Chaco representam as principais atividades humanas que modificam a paisagem. Deste modo, estas deveriam ser analisadas reconhecendo a heterogeneidade das práticas de produção e identificando os seus impactos em locais específicos. Os resultados deste trabalho reforçam a utilidade do carbono orgânico do solo como um parâmetro individual para monitorizar os sistemas de gestão da terra, especialmente em regiões de grande dimensão como a região de Chaco que estão sujeitas a processos contínuos de transformação. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido Fil: Banegas, Natalia Romina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentina Fil: Maza, Marianela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Viruel, Emilce. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina. Fil: Nasca, Jose Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina. Fil: Canteros, Francisco H. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentina Fil: Corbella, Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentina Fil: Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Tucuman. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina 2019-06-28T12:52:17Z 2019-06-28T12:52:17Z 2019 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://sjss.universia.net/article/view/3504/long-term-impact-grazing-tillage-soil-quality-semi-arid-chaco-argentina- http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5387 2253-6574 https://doi.org/10.3232/SJSS.2019.V9.N1.02 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo Spanish Journal of Soil Science 9 (1) : 24-41 (2019) |
| spellingShingle | Suelo Calidad del Suelo Labranza Pastoreo Zona Semiárida Impacto Ambiental Soil Soil Quality Tillage Grazing Semiarid Zones Environmental Impact Región Chaqueña Banegas, Natalia Romina Maza, Marianela Viruel, Emilce Nasca, Jose Andres Canteros, Francisco H. Corbella, Roberto Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) |
| title | Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) |
| title_full | Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) |
| title_fullStr | Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) |
| title_short | Long-term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi-arid Chaco (Argentina) |
| title_sort | long term impact of grazing and tillage on soil quality in the semi arid chaco argentina |
| topic | Suelo Calidad del Suelo Labranza Pastoreo Zona Semiárida Impacto Ambiental Soil Soil Quality Tillage Grazing Semiarid Zones Environmental Impact Región Chaqueña |
| url | https://sjss.universia.net/article/view/3504/long-term-impact-grazing-tillage-soil-quality-semi-arid-chaco-argentina- http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5387 https://doi.org/10.3232/SJSS.2019.V9.N1.02 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT banegasnataliaromina longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina AT mazamarianela longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina AT viruelemilce longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina AT nascajoseandres longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina AT canterosfranciscoh longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina AT corbellaroberto longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina AT dossantosdanielandres longtermimpactofgrazingandtillageonsoilqualityinthesemiaridchacoargentina |