Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions
Cover crop (CC) residues protect the soil from erosion and their permanence on the surface is largely influenced by their biochemical constituents. We performed a study under controlled conditions to investigate the dynamics of legume and non-legume CC residues decomposition and the transformations...
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| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo
2019
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| Online Access: | https://sjss.universia.net/article/view/2529/descomposicion-restos-cultivos-leguminosas-leguminosas-efectos-fracciones-carbono-organico-suelo-condiciones-controladas http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5182 https://doi.org/10.3232/SJSS.2017.V7.N2.06 |
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| author | De Sa Pereira, Eduardo Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto |
| author_browse | De Sa Pereira, Eduardo Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto |
| author_facet | De Sa Pereira, Eduardo Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto |
| author_sort | De Sa Pereira, Eduardo |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Cover crop (CC) residues protect the soil from erosion and their permanence on the surface is largely influenced by their biochemical constituents. We performed a study under controlled conditions to investigate the dynamics of legume and non-legume CC residues decomposition and the transformations of the soil labile organic carbon fractions in the surface layer (0-15 cm). The experiment was carried out on a Typic Argiudoll (clay loam, 27.4 g kg-1 soil organic matter, 14 mg kg-1 extractable phosphorus and 6.5 pH) placed in undisturbed pots (1570 cm3) in a greenhouse under controlled conditions of temperature (25 ± 1 °C). We evaluated three CC species (oat, Avena sativa L.; vetch, Vicia sativa L.; Persian clover, Trifolium resupinatum L.) and a no-CC control (fallow). Shoot residues were applied on the soil surface at 5.4, 5.4 and 2.7 g dry matter (equivalent to 6, 6 and 3 Mg ha-1 for oat, vetch and clover, respectively) and incubated for 362-days (eight sampling times). The water content in the pots was maintained periodically by weight at 60% of soil water-holding capacity. The soil samples were analyzed for particulate organic carbon (POC), and total and soluble carbohydrates (CHt and CHs, respectively). Oat and vetch residues decomposed faster than clover, with the decomposition rate constant (k) values of 1.3, 1.4 and 1.9 year-1, respectively. At the end of the experiment, POC concentration was lower in vetch (1.83 g kg-1) and clover (1.96 g kg-1) than in oat (2.21 g kg-1) and fallow (3.00 g kg-1), indicating a loss of 45-64% from their initial values. Soil CHt was influenced by residue quality, where the periods of greatest residue decay (vetch 21-59 days and oat 93-130 days) corresponded to higher soil CHt. Hence, this organic carbon fraction is sensitive to residue decomposition and can be indicators of changes in soil organic matter over short periods of time. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA5182 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo |
| publisherStr | Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA51822019-05-22T11:54:28Z Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions De Sa Pereira, Eduardo Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Plantas de Cobertura Leguminosas Carbono Orgánico del Suelo Residuos Degradación Cover Plants Legumes Soil Organic Carbon Residues Degradation Cultivos de Cobertura Cover crop (CC) residues protect the soil from erosion and their permanence on the surface is largely influenced by their biochemical constituents. We performed a study under controlled conditions to investigate the dynamics of legume and non-legume CC residues decomposition and the transformations of the soil labile organic carbon fractions in the surface layer (0-15 cm). The experiment was carried out on a Typic Argiudoll (clay loam, 27.4 g kg-1 soil organic matter, 14 mg kg-1 extractable phosphorus and 6.5 pH) placed in undisturbed pots (1570 cm3) in a greenhouse under controlled conditions of temperature (25 ± 1 °C). We evaluated three CC species (oat, Avena sativa L.; vetch, Vicia sativa L.; Persian clover, Trifolium resupinatum L.) and a no-CC control (fallow). Shoot residues were applied on the soil surface at 5.4, 5.4 and 2.7 g dry matter (equivalent to 6, 6 and 3 Mg ha-1 for oat, vetch and clover, respectively) and incubated for 362-days (eight sampling times). The water content in the pots was maintained periodically by weight at 60% of soil water-holding capacity. The soil samples were analyzed for particulate organic carbon (POC), and total and soluble carbohydrates (CHt and CHs, respectively). Oat and vetch residues decomposed faster than clover, with the decomposition rate constant (k) values of 1.3, 1.4 and 1.9 year-1, respectively. At the end of the experiment, POC concentration was lower in vetch (1.83 g kg-1) and clover (1.96 g kg-1) than in oat (2.21 g kg-1) and fallow (3.00 g kg-1), indicating a loss of 45-64% from their initial values. Soil CHt was influenced by residue quality, where the periods of greatest residue decay (vetch 21-59 days and oat 93-130 days) corresponded to higher soil CHt. Hence, this organic carbon fraction is sensitive to residue decomposition and can be indicators of changes in soil organic matter over short periods of time. Los cultivos de cobertura (CC) protegen al suelo de la erosión y su permanencia en el tiempo está influenciada en gran medida por su composición química. Se realizó un estudio en condiciones controladas para investigar la dinámica de descomposición de residuos de CC y las transformaciones de las fracciones orgánicas lábiles en la capa superficial del suelo (0-15 cm). El experimento se llevó a cabo en un Typic Argiudoll (franco arcilloso, 27,4 g kg-1 de materia orgánica del suelo, 14 mg kg-1 de fósforo extraíble y 6,5 de pH) colocado sin disturbar en macetas (1570 cm3 ) en invernadero bajo condiciones controladas de temperatura (25 ± 1 °C). Se evaluaron tres especies de CC (avena, Avena sativa L.; veza, Vicia sativa L. y trébol, Trifolium resupinatum L.) y un control sin CC (barbecho). En la superficie del suelo, se aplicaron 5,4, 5,4 y 2,7 g de materia seca (equivalentes a 6, 6 y 3 Mg ha-1 de avena, veza y trébol, respectivamente) y se incubaron durante 362 días (ocho fechas de muestreo). El contenido de agua en el suelo de las macetas fue mantenido al 60% de la capacidad de retención de agua. En las muestras de suelo se determinó carbono orgánico particulado (POC), y carbohidratos totales y solubles (CHt y CHs, respectivamente). Los residuos de avena y veza se degradaron más rápidamente que el trébol, con tasas de descomposición (k) de 1,3, 1,4 y 1,9 años-1, respectivamente. Al final del experimento, la concentración de POC fue menor en el suelo con veza (1,83 g kg-1) y trébol (1,96 g kg-1) que con avena (2,21 g kg-1) y barbecho (3,00 g kg-1), lo que indica una pérdida de 45-64% de sus niveles iniciales. Los CHt fueron influenciados por la calidad de los residuos, donde los períodos de mayor descomposición de residuos (veza 21-59 días y avena 93-130 días) coinciden con los mayores contenidos de CHt en el suelo. Por lo tanto, esta fracción de carbono orgánico es sensible a la descomposición de residuos y puede ser indicadores de cambios en la materia orgánica del suelo durante cortos períodos de tiempo. Os resíduos de cobertura (CC) protegem o solo da erosão e a sua permanência na superfície do solo é largamente influenciada pelos seus constituintes bioquímicos. Realizou-se um estudo, em condições controladas, para investigar a dinâmica da decomposição dos resíduos CC provenientes de leguminosas e não leguminosas e as transformações das frações de carbono lábeis na camada superficial do solo (0-15 cm). O ensaio foi realizado em estufa, em condições controladas de temperatura (25 ± 1 °C), num Typic Argiudoll (franco argiloso, com 27,4 g kg-1 de matéria orgânica, 14 mg kg-1 de fósforo extraível e pH 6,5) que foi colocado, sem o perturbar, em vasos (1570 cm3 ). Avaliaram-se três espécies de CC (aveia, Avena sativa L.; ervilhaca, Vicia sativa L. e trevo-da-Pérsia, Trifolium resupinatum L.) e um controlo sem CC (pousio). Na superfície do solo aplicaram-se 5,4; 5,4 e 2,7 g de matéria seca (equivalente a 6; 6 e Mg ha-1 de aveia, ervilhaca e trevo-da-Pérsia, respetivamente) e incubaram-se durante 362 dias (oito datas de amostragem). Nos vasos, o conteúdo em água no solo foi mantido a 60% da sua capacidade de retenção de água. Nas amostras de solo foram analisados o carbono orgânico particulado (POC) e os hidratos de carbono totais e solúveis (CHt e CHs, respetivamente). Os resíduos de aveia e ervilhaca decompõem-se mais rapidamente do que os de trevoda-Pérsia, com valores de taxa de decomposição constante (k) de 1,3; 1,4 e 1,9 ano-1, respetivamente. No final do ensaio, a concentração de POC era mais baixa nos solos com ervilhaca (1,83 g kg-1) e trevo-da-Pérsia (1,96 g kg-1) do que nos solos com aveia (2,21 g kg-1) e em pousio (3,00 g kg-1), indicando uma perda de 45-64% em relação aos valores iniciais. Os valores de CHt no solo foram influenciados pela qualidade dos resíduos, onde os períodos de maior decomposição destes (ervilhaca: 21-59 dias e aveia: 93-130 dias) correspondem às maiores concentrações de CHt no solo. Assim, esta fração de carbono orgânico é sensível à decomposição do resíduo e pode ser um indicador das alterações na matéria orgânica do solo durante curtos períodos de tempo. EEA Bordenave Fil: de Sa Pereira, Eduardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave. Agencia de Extensión Rural Coronel Suárez; Argentina Fil: Duval, Matias Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina Fil: Galantini, Juan Alberto. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina 2019-05-22T11:52:32Z 2019-05-22T11:52:32Z 2017 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://sjss.universia.net/article/view/2529/descomposicion-restos-cultivos-leguminosas-leguminosas-efectos-fracciones-carbono-organico-suelo-condiciones-controladas http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5182 2253-6574 https://doi.org/10.3232/SJSS.2017.V7.N2.06 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo Spanish Journal of Soil Science 7 (2) : 86-96 (2017) |
| spellingShingle | Plantas de Cobertura Leguminosas Carbono Orgánico del Suelo Residuos Degradación Cover Plants Legumes Soil Organic Carbon Residues Degradation Cultivos de Cobertura De Sa Pereira, Eduardo Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| title | Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| title_full | Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| title_fullStr | Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| title_short | Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| title_sort | decomposition from legume and non legume crop residues effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions |
| topic | Plantas de Cobertura Leguminosas Carbono Orgánico del Suelo Residuos Degradación Cover Plants Legumes Soil Organic Carbon Residues Degradation Cultivos de Cobertura |
| url | https://sjss.universia.net/article/view/2529/descomposicion-restos-cultivos-leguminosas-leguminosas-efectos-fracciones-carbono-organico-suelo-condiciones-controladas http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/5182 https://doi.org/10.3232/SJSS.2017.V7.N2.06 |
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