Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation

The protozoon Sarcocystis aucheniae is the causative agent of South American camelid (SAC) sarcocystosis. Infections are characterized by the presence of cysts in muscles which are in size and appearance similar to rice grains. As consumption of insufficiently cooked infected meat produces gastroent...

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Main Authors: Decker Franco, Cecilia, Romero, Sandra Raquel, Ferrari, Alejandro, Schnittger, Leonhard, Florin-Christensen, Mónica
Format: Artículo
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/4436
https://www.heliyon.com/article/e00928
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00928
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author Decker Franco, Cecilia
Romero, Sandra Raquel
Ferrari, Alejandro
Schnittger, Leonhard
Florin-Christensen, Mónica
author_browse Decker Franco, Cecilia
Ferrari, Alejandro
Florin-Christensen, Mónica
Romero, Sandra Raquel
Schnittger, Leonhard
author_facet Decker Franco, Cecilia
Romero, Sandra Raquel
Ferrari, Alejandro
Schnittger, Leonhard
Florin-Christensen, Mónica
author_sort Decker Franco, Cecilia
collection INTA Digital
description The protozoon Sarcocystis aucheniae is the causative agent of South American camelid (SAC) sarcocystosis. Infections are characterized by the presence of cysts in muscles which are in size and appearance similar to rice grains. As consumption of insufficiently cooked infected meat produces gastroenteritis, cyst-containing SAC meat is confiscated by sanitary authorities or depreciated with serious economic consequences for SAC breeders. In this work, a duplex semi-nested PCR was designed to simultaneously detect parasite and llama DNA in host blood samples. Species-specific regions of S. aucheniae 18S rRNA gene and Lama glama 16S mitochondrial gene were amplified, yielding bands of 583 and 257 bp, respectively, and separated by gel electrophoresis. The method proved to be highly sensitive, with a detection limit lower than one parasite per milliliter blood, and the inclusion of primers to detect llama-specific DNA resulted useful as a methodological control. Blood samples collected from llamas of Argentina and Bolivia (n = 225) were analyzed using this method, and 18.7 % resulted positive for S. aucheniae. No correlation was found between PCR results and llama age, sex or the finding of macroscopic cysts in meat after slaughter. Lack of molecular detection in the blood of some llamas harboring macrocysts suggests that parasite circulation in the bloodstream after encystment is under the detection threshold of the test or even absent, while PCR positive results in cyst-infested animals suggests that prior exposure to the parasite does not impede subsequent infections. The described method can be useful to detect active foci of infection, to assess the effectiveness of parasiticide treatments, and for the surveillance and tracing of definitive hosts.
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spelling INTA44362019-02-19T17:15:20Z Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation Decker Franco, Cecilia Romero, Sandra Raquel Ferrari, Alejandro Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Mónica Llama Sangre PCR Infestación Infecciones por Protozoos Blood Infestation Protozoal Infections Sarcocystis Aucheniae The protozoon Sarcocystis aucheniae is the causative agent of South American camelid (SAC) sarcocystosis. Infections are characterized by the presence of cysts in muscles which are in size and appearance similar to rice grains. As consumption of insufficiently cooked infected meat produces gastroenteritis, cyst-containing SAC meat is confiscated by sanitary authorities or depreciated with serious economic consequences for SAC breeders. In this work, a duplex semi-nested PCR was designed to simultaneously detect parasite and llama DNA in host blood samples. Species-specific regions of S. aucheniae 18S rRNA gene and Lama glama 16S mitochondrial gene were amplified, yielding bands of 583 and 257 bp, respectively, and separated by gel electrophoresis. The method proved to be highly sensitive, with a detection limit lower than one parasite per milliliter blood, and the inclusion of primers to detect llama-specific DNA resulted useful as a methodological control. Blood samples collected from llamas of Argentina and Bolivia (n = 225) were analyzed using this method, and 18.7 % resulted positive for S. aucheniae. No correlation was found between PCR results and llama age, sex or the finding of macroscopic cysts in meat after slaughter. Lack of molecular detection in the blood of some llamas harboring macrocysts suggests that parasite circulation in the bloodstream after encystment is under the detection threshold of the test or even absent, while PCR positive results in cyst-infested animals suggests that prior exposure to the parasite does not impede subsequent infections. The described method can be useful to detect active foci of infection, to assess the effectiveness of parasiticide treatments, and for the surveillance and tracing of definitive hosts. Instituto de Patobiología Fil: Decker Franco, Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Romero, Sandra Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; Argentina Fil: Ferrari, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina Fil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Florin-Christensen, Mónica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina 2019-02-13T14:46:53Z 2019-02-13T14:46:53Z 2018 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/4436 https://www.heliyon.com/article/e00928 2405-8440 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00928 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Elsevier Heliyon 4 : e00928. (2018)
spellingShingle Llama
Sangre
PCR
Infestación
Infecciones por Protozoos
Blood
Infestation
Protozoal Infections
Sarcocystis Aucheniae
Decker Franco, Cecilia
Romero, Sandra Raquel
Ferrari, Alejandro
Schnittger, Leonhard
Florin-Christensen, Mónica
Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation
title Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation
title_full Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation
title_fullStr Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation
title_full_unstemmed Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation
title_short Detection of Sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi-nested PCR assay and its association with cyst infestation
title_sort detection of sarcocystis aucheniae in blood of llama using a duplex semi nested pcr assay and its association with cyst infestation
topic Llama
Sangre
PCR
Infestación
Infecciones por Protozoos
Blood
Infestation
Protozoal Infections
Sarcocystis Aucheniae
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/4436
https://www.heliyon.com/article/e00928
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00928
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