Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops
Late sowing dates of maize are widely adopted in the Pampas region of Argentina, stabilising grain yields due to a more favourable water balance around flowering. However, late-sown crops are exposed to high soil N availabilities (Nav), high temperatures during the pre-flowering period and declining...
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier
2018
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429018309560 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/3980 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.11.007 |
| _version_ | 1855483341450510336 |
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| author | Maltese, Nicolás Melchiori, Ricardo Jose Maddonni, Gustavo Angel Ferreyra, J.M. Caviglia, Octavio |
| author_browse | Caviglia, Octavio Ferreyra, J.M. Maddonni, Gustavo Angel Maltese, Nicolás Melchiori, Ricardo Jose |
| author_facet | Maltese, Nicolás Melchiori, Ricardo Jose Maddonni, Gustavo Angel Ferreyra, J.M. Caviglia, Octavio |
| author_sort | Maltese, Nicolás |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Late sowing dates of maize are widely adopted in the Pampas region of Argentina, stabilising grain yields due to a more favourable water balance around flowering. However, late-sown crops are exposed to high soil N availabilities (Nav), high temperatures during the pre-flowering period and declining photo-thermal conditions during grain filling, which may affect nitrogen use efficiency (NUE, kg of grain per kg of Nav). These effects could be exerted through nitrogen uptake efficiency (NupE, kg of N uptake per kg of Nav) and/or nitrogen utilisation efficiency (NutE, kg of grain per kg of N uptake). Environmental conditions could affect i) pre (Nuptpre) and/or post-flowering N uptake (Nuptpost) and, consequently, NupE and ii) the determinants of NutE, such as N harvest index (NHI) and N source per grain. Early- and late-sown maize were cropped in order to analyse i) grain yield, Nav and NUE and ii) relationships among NUE and related-N efficiencies. The experiments were carried out in Paraná (31°48′ S 60°32′ W), Argentina, during 2014–2015 and 2015–2016. Treatments were combinations of two sowing dates (early and late), three N rates (0, 90, and 270 kg N ha−1) and two genotypes (DK 70-10 VT3P and DK 73-10 VT3P). NUE decreased in late-sown crops (ca. 32 to 26 kg grain kg Nav−1), mediated by lower grain yields (ca. 8564 kg ha−1 and 7832 kg ha−1 in early- and late-sown crops, respectively) and higher Nav (ca. 267–312 kg Nav ha−1). DK 73-10 VT3P exhibited the highest NUE (ca. 31 kg grain kg Nav−1) and NutE (ca. 63 kg grain kg Nupt−1). N rate affected more strongly Nav than grain yield; and there was a greater association between NUE and NupE (P < 0.0001, R2 = 0.72) relative to NutE (P < 0.01, R2 = 0.65). In both sowing dates, Nuptpre had a positive impact on NupE, which strongly declined with N rate especially in late-sown crops. The lower NutE of late-sown crops (66 vs. 52 kg grain kg Nupt−1 in early and late sowing dates, respectively) was related to the highest post-flowering N source per grain (2.5 vs. 3.5 mg N grain−1). Thus, our study highlights the components of N economy of late-sown crops with the highest impact on NUE, i.e., Nuptpre and NutE. Therefore, nutritional management of late-sown maize crops should be focused on these NUE components. High plant densities could be useful to increase Nuptpre. Finally, the choice of a genotype with high NutE appears as a valid strategy to mitigate NUE reductions, promoted by the high Nav typical of late sowing dates. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA3980 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateRange | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| publisherStr | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA39802018-11-28T12:37:24Z Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops Maltese, Nicolás Melchiori, Ricardo Jose Maddonni, Gustavo Angel Ferreyra, J.M. Caviglia, Octavio Maíz Fecha de Siembra Nitrógeno Retención Nitrogenada Rendimiento Maize Sowing Date Nitrogen Nitrogen Retention Yields Siembra Tardía Late sowing dates of maize are widely adopted in the Pampas region of Argentina, stabilising grain yields due to a more favourable water balance around flowering. However, late-sown crops are exposed to high soil N availabilities (Nav), high temperatures during the pre-flowering period and declining photo-thermal conditions during grain filling, which may affect nitrogen use efficiency (NUE, kg of grain per kg of Nav). These effects could be exerted through nitrogen uptake efficiency (NupE, kg of N uptake per kg of Nav) and/or nitrogen utilisation efficiency (NutE, kg of grain per kg of N uptake). Environmental conditions could affect i) pre (Nuptpre) and/or post-flowering N uptake (Nuptpost) and, consequently, NupE and ii) the determinants of NutE, such as N harvest index (NHI) and N source per grain. Early- and late-sown maize were cropped in order to analyse i) grain yield, Nav and NUE and ii) relationships among NUE and related-N efficiencies. The experiments were carried out in Paraná (31°48′ S 60°32′ W), Argentina, during 2014–2015 and 2015–2016. Treatments were combinations of two sowing dates (early and late), three N rates (0, 90, and 270 kg N ha−1) and two genotypes (DK 70-10 VT3P and DK 73-10 VT3P). NUE decreased in late-sown crops (ca. 32 to 26 kg grain kg Nav−1), mediated by lower grain yields (ca. 8564 kg ha−1 and 7832 kg ha−1 in early- and late-sown crops, respectively) and higher Nav (ca. 267–312 kg Nav ha−1). DK 73-10 VT3P exhibited the highest NUE (ca. 31 kg grain kg Nav−1) and NutE (ca. 63 kg grain kg Nupt−1). N rate affected more strongly Nav than grain yield; and there was a greater association between NUE and NupE (P < 0.0001, R2 = 0.72) relative to NutE (P < 0.01, R2 = 0.65). In both sowing dates, Nuptpre had a positive impact on NupE, which strongly declined with N rate especially in late-sown crops. The lower NutE of late-sown crops (66 vs. 52 kg grain kg Nupt−1 in early and late sowing dates, respectively) was related to the highest post-flowering N source per grain (2.5 vs. 3.5 mg N grain−1). Thus, our study highlights the components of N economy of late-sown crops with the highest impact on NUE, i.e., Nuptpre and NutE. Therefore, nutritional management of late-sown maize crops should be focused on these NUE components. High plant densities could be useful to increase Nuptpre. Finally, the choice of a genotype with high NutE appears as a valid strategy to mitigate NUE reductions, promoted by the high Nav typical of late sowing dates. EEA Paraná Fil: Maltese, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina Fil: Melchiori, Ricardo Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná; Argentina. Fil: Maddonni, Gustavo Angel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Cerealicultura; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Fisiología y Ecología Vinculado a la Agricultura; Argentina Fil: Ferreyra, J.M. Monsanto Argentina. Equipo de Desarrollo Tecnológico; Argentina Fil: Caviglia, Octavio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina 2018-11-28T12:34:54Z 2018-11-28T12:34:54Z 2018-11 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429018309560 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/3980 0378-4290 1872-6852 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.11.007 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Elsevier Field Crops Research 231 : 40-50 (February 2019) |
| spellingShingle | Maíz Fecha de Siembra Nitrógeno Retención Nitrogenada Rendimiento Maize Sowing Date Nitrogen Nitrogen Retention Yields Siembra Tardía Maltese, Nicolás Melchiori, Ricardo Jose Maddonni, Gustavo Angel Ferreyra, J.M. Caviglia, Octavio Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops |
| title | Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops |
| title_full | Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops |
| title_fullStr | Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops |
| title_short | Nitrogen economy of early and late-sown maize crops |
| title_sort | nitrogen economy of early and late sown maize crops |
| topic | Maíz Fecha de Siembra Nitrógeno Retención Nitrogenada Rendimiento Maize Sowing Date Nitrogen Nitrogen Retention Yields Siembra Tardía |
| url | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429018309560 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/3980 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.11.007 |
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