Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions
The current agricultural production systems in the Pampas Region have been significantly simplified by cultivating large land areas under no tillage (NT), where soybean is the predominant crop. These systems with long periods of fall-winter fallow and poor annual input of carbon (C) into the soil le...
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| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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2018
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| Online Access: | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198716300496 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/3464 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.04.006 |
| _version_ | 1855035146461249536 |
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| author | Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Capurro, Julia Ester Martinez, Juan Manuel |
| author_browse | Capurro, Julia Ester Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Martinez, Juan Manuel |
| author_facet | Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Capurro, Julia Ester Martinez, Juan Manuel |
| author_sort | Duval, Matias Ezequiel |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | The current agricultural production systems in the Pampas Region have been significantly simplified by cultivating large land areas under no tillage (NT), where soybean is the predominant crop. These systems with long periods of fall-winter fallow and poor annual input of carbon (C) into the soil lead to soil degradation, thereby affecting physical and chemical properties. A 6-year cover crop study was carried out on a Typic Argiudoll under NT in the south of Santa Fe, Argentina. Various winter species were used as cover crops: wheat (W), oat (O), vetch (V), an oat + vetch mixture (O + V) and a control (Ct) treatment without a cover crop. We examined the influence of cover crops on the following soil organic C-fractions: coarse particulate organic carbon (POCc), fine particulate organic carbon (POCf) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) from 2008 to 2011. Aboveground carbon input by the cover crops was related to the June to October rainfalls. In general, the W and O treatments supplied a higher amount of C to the soil; these gramineous species produced 22 and 86% more biomass than O + V and V. The water cost of including cover crops ranged from 13 to 93 mm compared with Ct. However, this water-use did not affect soybean yields. On average, gramineous species (pure stand or mixture) supplied more than 3.0 Mg C ha−1 year−1 to the soil, whereas V supplied less than 2.0 Mg C ha−1 year−1. Increase in the mean annual C-input by residues into the soil (cover crop + soybean) explained most SOC variation (R2 = 0.61; p < 0.05). This relationship was more evident with labile soil organic fractions, both for POCc (R2 = 0.91; p < 0.001) and POCc + POCf (R2 = 0.81; p < 0.001). The stratification ratios of SOC (SI, 0–5:10–20 cm) reflected differences among treatments, where >2.0 for W; 1.7 for O, O + V and V, and <1.5 for Ct. Soil physical fractionation by particle size showed that cover crops affected the most dynamic fraction directly associated with residue input (POCc) at 0–5 and 5–10 cm. At 0–5 cm, the effects were observed in the most transformed fractions (MOC and POCf) 4 years after the experiment started, whereas at 0–20 cm, differences in the labile fractions (POCc and POCf) were found at the end of the experiment (6 years). Although C-input by the cover crops fueled decomposition of labile soil organic fractions, concentration of surface SOC and its associated fractions (POCc, POCf and MOC) was modified after 6 years. This effect became noticeable during the third year when the plots under cover crops showed a higher SI than the traditional fallow. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA3464 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateRange | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA34642018-09-24T14:34:28Z Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Capurro, Julia Ester Martinez, Juan Manuel Soja Monocultivo Cultivos de Invierno Plantas de Cobertura Carbono Materia Orgánica del Suelo Cero-labranza Soybeans Monoculture Winter Crops Cover Plants Carbon Soil Organic Matter Zero Tillage No labranza The current agricultural production systems in the Pampas Region have been significantly simplified by cultivating large land areas under no tillage (NT), where soybean is the predominant crop. These systems with long periods of fall-winter fallow and poor annual input of carbon (C) into the soil lead to soil degradation, thereby affecting physical and chemical properties. A 6-year cover crop study was carried out on a Typic Argiudoll under NT in the south of Santa Fe, Argentina. Various winter species were used as cover crops: wheat (W), oat (O), vetch (V), an oat + vetch mixture (O + V) and a control (Ct) treatment without a cover crop. We examined the influence of cover crops on the following soil organic C-fractions: coarse particulate organic carbon (POCc), fine particulate organic carbon (POCf) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) from 2008 to 2011. Aboveground carbon input by the cover crops was related to the June to October rainfalls. In general, the W and O treatments supplied a higher amount of C to the soil; these gramineous species produced 22 and 86% more biomass than O + V and V. The water cost of including cover crops ranged from 13 to 93 mm compared with Ct. However, this water-use did not affect soybean yields. On average, gramineous species (pure stand or mixture) supplied more than 3.0 Mg C ha−1 year−1 to the soil, whereas V supplied less than 2.0 Mg C ha−1 year−1. Increase in the mean annual C-input by residues into the soil (cover crop + soybean) explained most SOC variation (R2 = 0.61; p < 0.05). This relationship was more evident with labile soil organic fractions, both for POCc (R2 = 0.91; p < 0.001) and POCc + POCf (R2 = 0.81; p < 0.001). The stratification ratios of SOC (SI, 0–5:10–20 cm) reflected differences among treatments, where >2.0 for W; 1.7 for O, O + V and V, and <1.5 for Ct. Soil physical fractionation by particle size showed that cover crops affected the most dynamic fraction directly associated with residue input (POCc) at 0–5 and 5–10 cm. At 0–5 cm, the effects were observed in the most transformed fractions (MOC and POCf) 4 years after the experiment started, whereas at 0–20 cm, differences in the labile fractions (POCc and POCf) were found at the end of the experiment (6 years). Although C-input by the cover crops fueled decomposition of labile soil organic fractions, concentration of surface SOC and its associated fractions (POCc, POCf and MOC) was modified after 6 years. This effect became noticeable during the third year when the plots under cover crops showed a higher SI than the traditional fallow. EEA Oliveros Fil: Duval, Matias Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Galantini, Juan Alberto. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina Fil: Capurro, Julia Ester. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Agencia de Extensión Rural Cañada de Gómez; Argentina Fil: Martinez, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina 2018-09-24T14:32:13Z 2018-09-24T14:32:13Z 2016-08 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198716300496 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/3464 0167-1987 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.04.006 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Soil and Tillage Research 161 : 95-105 (August 2016) |
| spellingShingle | Soja Monocultivo Cultivos de Invierno Plantas de Cobertura Carbono Materia Orgánica del Suelo Cero-labranza Soybeans Monoculture Winter Crops Cover Plants Carbon Soil Organic Matter Zero Tillage No labranza Duval, Matias Ezequiel Galantini, Juan Alberto Capurro, Julia Ester Martinez, Juan Manuel Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| title | Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| title_full | Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| title_fullStr | Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| title_short | Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| title_sort | winter cover crops in soybean monoculture effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions |
| topic | Soja Monocultivo Cultivos de Invierno Plantas de Cobertura Carbono Materia Orgánica del Suelo Cero-labranza Soybeans Monoculture Winter Crops Cover Plants Carbon Soil Organic Matter Zero Tillage No labranza |
| url | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198716300496 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/3464 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.04.006 |
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