Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization
Cereal crops require high nitrogen (N) inputs, but fertilizer use is inefficient, increasing costs and environmental risks. The use of microbial inoculants such as Azospirillum argentinense Az39 and the improvement of N remobilization are promising strategies for improving N use efficiency. We evalu...
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| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Springer
2025
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24789 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44372-025-00427-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s44372-025-00427-6 |
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| author | Caputo, Carla Gomez, Federico M. Ciolfi, Federico Puente, Mariana Laura Criado, María Victoria |
| author_browse | Caputo, Carla Ciolfi, Federico Criado, María Victoria Gomez, Federico M. Puente, Mariana Laura |
| author_facet | Caputo, Carla Gomez, Federico M. Ciolfi, Federico Puente, Mariana Laura Criado, María Victoria |
| author_sort | Caputo, Carla |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Cereal crops require high nitrogen (N) inputs, but fertilizer use is inefficient, increasing costs and environmental risks. The use of microbial inoculants such as Azospirillum argentinense Az39 and the improvement of N remobilization are promising strategies for improving N use efficiency. We evaluated how A. argentinense Az39 modulates N economy in malting barley under different nutritional conditions, emphasizing N remobilization, post-anthesis uptake, and underlying mechanisms, as well as their combined impact on grain yield and quality. Greenhouse factorial trials combining Az39 inoculation and chemical fertilization demonstrated that Az39 modified the preference of the N source reaching the grain by increasing N remobilization relative to N uptake after anthesis, thereby improving N use efficiency and reducing dependence on soil N after anthesis. This occurred without changing the total N in the shoot, but rather its distribution, as inoculation with Az39 improved N in the leaves, particularly proteins and Rubisco. In addition, N remobilization improved with differentiated contributions from tissues to grain N, with leaves contributing mainly to net N remobilization and stems to remobilization efficiency. Inoculation also improves overall yield but mainly boosted individual grain weight without compromising grain N concentration, probably due to the increased carbohydrate export from leaves. These effects may be associated with high levels of indoleacetic acid in the leaves, which could contribute to both increased leaf N accumulation and improved grain development. Therefore, Az39 represents a valuable tool for sustainable agricultural management, enhancing N remobilization and use efficiency, as well as yield and grain quality in malting barley. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA24789 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Springer |
| publisherStr | Springer |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA247892025-12-29T12:03:20Z Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization Caputo, Carla Gomez, Federico M. Ciolfi, Federico Puente, Mariana Laura Criado, María Victoria Cebada Nitrógeno Aplicación de Abonos Barley Nitrogen Azospirillum Fertilizer Application Rhizobacteria Azospirillum argentinense Fertilización Cereal crops require high nitrogen (N) inputs, but fertilizer use is inefficient, increasing costs and environmental risks. The use of microbial inoculants such as Azospirillum argentinense Az39 and the improvement of N remobilization are promising strategies for improving N use efficiency. We evaluated how A. argentinense Az39 modulates N economy in malting barley under different nutritional conditions, emphasizing N remobilization, post-anthesis uptake, and underlying mechanisms, as well as their combined impact on grain yield and quality. Greenhouse factorial trials combining Az39 inoculation and chemical fertilization demonstrated that Az39 modified the preference of the N source reaching the grain by increasing N remobilization relative to N uptake after anthesis, thereby improving N use efficiency and reducing dependence on soil N after anthesis. This occurred without changing the total N in the shoot, but rather its distribution, as inoculation with Az39 improved N in the leaves, particularly proteins and Rubisco. In addition, N remobilization improved with differentiated contributions from tissues to grain N, with leaves contributing mainly to net N remobilization and stems to remobilization efficiency. Inoculation also improves overall yield but mainly boosted individual grain weight without compromising grain N concentration, probably due to the increased carbohydrate export from leaves. These effects may be associated with high levels of indoleacetic acid in the leaves, which could contribute to both increased leaf N accumulation and improved grain development. Therefore, Az39 represents a valuable tool for sustainable agricultural management, enhancing N remobilization and use efficiency, as well as yield and grain quality in malting barley. Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola Fil: Caputo, Carla. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Caputo, Carla. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Caputo, Carla. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Gomez, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra; Argentina. Fil: Gomez, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Gomez, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Ciolfi, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Ciolfi, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Puente, Mariana Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA); Argentina Fil: Criado, María Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos; Argentina Fil: Criado, María Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Criado, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; Argentina 2025-12-29T11:59:48Z 2025-12-29T11:59:48Z 2025-11 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24789 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44372-025-00427-6 3005-1207 https://doi.org/10.1007/s44372-025-00427-6 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Springer Discover Plants 2 : article number 342. (November 2025) |
| spellingShingle | Cebada Nitrógeno Aplicación de Abonos Barley Nitrogen Azospirillum Fertilizer Application Rhizobacteria Azospirillum argentinense Fertilización Caputo, Carla Gomez, Federico M. Ciolfi, Federico Puente, Mariana Laura Criado, María Victoria Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| title | Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| title_full | Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| title_fullStr | Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| title_short | Mechanistic insights into how Azospirillum argentinense Az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| title_sort | mechanistic insights into how azospirillum argentinense az39 improves nitrogen economy and grain quality in barley independently of chemical fertilization |
| topic | Cebada Nitrógeno Aplicación de Abonos Barley Nitrogen Azospirillum Fertilizer Application Rhizobacteria Azospirillum argentinense Fertilización |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24789 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44372-025-00427-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s44372-025-00427-6 |
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