Vegetative growth and thermal requirements of new papaya genotypes in the subtropical region of Argentina = Crescimento vegetativo e exigências térmicas de novos genótipos de mamoeiro na região subtropical da Argentina
The production of papaya in north-western Argentina is mainly based on the ‘Maradol Roja’ variety, with efforts underway to expand the available varietal options. The aim of this work was to evaluate the germination, vegetative growth, and phenology of different papaya genotypes introduced. Ni...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura (SBF)
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24680 https://doi.org/10.1590/3085-89092025026 |
| Summary: | The production of papaya in north-western Argentina is mainly based
on the ‘Maradol Roja’ variety, with efforts underway to expand the available
varietal options. The aim of this work was to evaluate the germination, vegetative
growth, and phenology of different papaya genotypes introduced. Nine papaya
genotypes were evaluated: seven from the Solo group and two from the
Formosa group, with ‘Maradol Roja’ of the Formosa group used as the control.
All genotypes showed germination rates above 70% at 30 days after sowing.
However, differences in early seedling performance were observed. ‘RI511’ and
‘SSBs’ demonstrated superior seedling development at transplantation, while
‘GTHB’, ‘SSSy’, and ‘MR’ showed lower vigour. ‘Rubí INCAPER 511’ displayed the
highest basal stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, and plant height at
transplantation. Meanwhile, ‘Maradol Roja’, ‘Sunrise Solo Bs’ and ‘Rubí INCAPER
511’ were the first genotypes to reach flowering (within 64 to 75 days after
transplantation). ‘Maradol Roja’ was also the most precocious to reach the first
fruit set (100 days after transplantation) and harvesting. It had the smallest plant
size and displayed the highest annual leaf appearances rate after flowering.
Thermal accumulation from sowing to harvesting ranged from 4051-degree days
for ‘Maradol Roja’ to 4540-degree days for ‘Sunrise Solo Aliança’. Papaya varieties
from the Solo group with lower thermal requirements showed greater potential
adaptability to the subtropical region of Jujuy Province, Argentina, as they are
better able to complete the reproductive development and fruit ripening stages
before the onset of low winter temperatures.
Resumo: A produção de mamão, no noroeste da Argentina, concentra-se
principalmente na variedade ‘Maradol Roja’, havendo esforços para ampliar
as opções varietais disponíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a germinação, o
crescimento vegetativo e a fenologia de diferentes genótipos de mamão introduzidos.
Foram avaliados nove genótipos de mamão: sete do grupo Solo e dois do grupo Formosa,
com ‘Maradol Roja’ do grupo Formosa utilizada como testemunha. Todos os genótipos
apresentaram taxas de germinação superiores a 70% aos 30 dias. No entanto, foram
observadas diferenças no desempenho inicial das plântulas. ‘RI511’ e ‘SSBs’ apresentaram
desenvolvimento de mudas superior no transplante. ‘Rubí INCAPER 511’ foi a variedade
com o maior diâmetro da base do caule, número de folhas por planta e altura da planta no
momento do transplante. Enquanto isso, ‘Maradol Roja’, ‘Sunrise Solo Bs’ e ‘Rubí INCAPER
511’ foram os primeiros genótipos a atingir a floração (em 64 e 75 dias após o transplante).
‘Maradol Roja’ também foi o mais precoce a atingir o primeiro conjunto de frutos (100 dias
após o transplante) e a colheita de frutos. O acúmulo térmico desde a semeadura até à
colheita variou de 4.051 graus-dia para ‘MR’ a 4.540 graus-dia para ‘Sunrise Solo Aliança’.
As variedades de papaia do grupo Solo, com menores exigências térmicas, apresentaram
maior potencial de adaptabilidade à região subtropical da província de Jujuy, na Argentina,
pois completam mais eficazmente as fases reprodutiva e de amadurecimento dos frutos
antes do início das baixas temperaturas do inverno. |
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