Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos
Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic well known for its multiple benefits in cattle diets. Toxic monensin Lethal Dose 50 (LD50 ) concentrations in cattle are reported from 26 mg/kg BW. Intraruminal monensin boluses consist of controlled-released capsules, often administered to beef or dairy cattle. S...
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| Format: | Artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24654 https://bjvm.org.br/BJVM/article/view/1406 https://doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006525 |
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| author | Tettamanti, Agustina Canton, German Jose Sosa, Emiliano Morrell, Eleonora Lidia Scioli, Maria Valeria Balbuena, Delfina Garcia, Juan Agustin |
| author_browse | Balbuena, Delfina Canton, German Jose Garcia, Juan Agustin Morrell, Eleonora Lidia Scioli, Maria Valeria Sosa, Emiliano Tettamanti, Agustina |
| author_facet | Tettamanti, Agustina Canton, German Jose Sosa, Emiliano Morrell, Eleonora Lidia Scioli, Maria Valeria Balbuena, Delfina Garcia, Juan Agustin |
| author_sort | Tettamanti, Agustina |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic well known for its multiple benefits in cattle diets. Toxic monensin Lethal Dose 50 (LD50 ) concentrations in cattle are reported from 26 mg/kg BW. Intraruminal monensin boluses consist of controlled-released capsules, often administered to beef or dairy cattle. Seven outbreaks were analyzed, all occurring in Buenos Aires province between 1997 and 2024 affecting steers in extensive or semi-extensive grazing systems. Clinical signs appeared one to five months after boluses application and included loss of appetite, decay, recumbency, reluctance to move, tachypnea, isolation, muscle tremors, ear drooping and sudden death. Twelve necropsies were performed, and gross findings included pale multifocal streaks myocardium of both ventricles, edema in cavities and mesenteries, hepatomegaly, and diffusely non collapsed or inflated lung with interlobular edema. Microscopically, the most characteristic lesion present in all 12 necropsies was necrotizing cardiomyopathy in different stages of regeneration, some of them being polyphasic. Masson trichrome stain revealed fibrous connective tissue in extensive multiple areas replacing cardiac muscle cells. Mean serum CPK was considered moderately to highly elevated. Herein in all 7 outbreaks, boluses apparently failed to release pills correctly. In conclusion, though toxicosis after failure of intraruminal boluses in grazing cattle are rare, it is important to describe the occurrence of cases when release bolus mechanism fails, causing intoxication that evolves from subacute to chronic, with characteristic pathological findings of polyphasic muscle lesions. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA24654 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro |
| publisherStr | Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA246542025-12-19T10:28:43Z Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos Tettamanti, Agustina Canton, German Jose Sosa, Emiliano Morrell, Eleonora Lidia Scioli, Maria Valeria Balbuena, Delfina Garcia, Juan Agustin Rumiantes Envenenamiento Monensina Ionóforos Ruminants Poisoning Monensin Ionophores Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic well known for its multiple benefits in cattle diets. Toxic monensin Lethal Dose 50 (LD50 ) concentrations in cattle are reported from 26 mg/kg BW. Intraruminal monensin boluses consist of controlled-released capsules, often administered to beef or dairy cattle. Seven outbreaks were analyzed, all occurring in Buenos Aires province between 1997 and 2024 affecting steers in extensive or semi-extensive grazing systems. Clinical signs appeared one to five months after boluses application and included loss of appetite, decay, recumbency, reluctance to move, tachypnea, isolation, muscle tremors, ear drooping and sudden death. Twelve necropsies were performed, and gross findings included pale multifocal streaks myocardium of both ventricles, edema in cavities and mesenteries, hepatomegaly, and diffusely non collapsed or inflated lung with interlobular edema. Microscopically, the most characteristic lesion present in all 12 necropsies was necrotizing cardiomyopathy in different stages of regeneration, some of them being polyphasic. Masson trichrome stain revealed fibrous connective tissue in extensive multiple areas replacing cardiac muscle cells. Mean serum CPK was considered moderately to highly elevated. Herein in all 7 outbreaks, boluses apparently failed to release pills correctly. In conclusion, though toxicosis after failure of intraruminal boluses in grazing cattle are rare, it is important to describe the occurrence of cases when release bolus mechanism fails, causing intoxication that evolves from subacute to chronic, with characteristic pathological findings of polyphasic muscle lesions. EEA Balcarce Fil: Tettamanti, Agustina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Sosa, Emiliano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Morrell, Eleonora. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Scioli, María Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Balbuena, Delfina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: García, Juan Agustín. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina 2025-12-19T10:17:12Z 2025-12-19T10:17:12Z 2025-11 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24654 https://bjvm.org.br/BJVM/article/view/1406 0100-2430 (print) 2527-2179 (online) https://doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006525 eng info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2019-RIST-E5-I111-001, Laboratorios de Diagnóstico Veterinario info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 47 (1) : e006525. (November 2025) |
| spellingShingle | Rumiantes Envenenamiento Monensina Ionóforos Ruminants Poisoning Monensin Ionophores Tettamanti, Agustina Canton, German Jose Sosa, Emiliano Morrell, Eleonora Lidia Scioli, Maria Valeria Balbuena, Delfina Garcia, Juan Agustin Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| title | Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| title_full | Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| title_fullStr | Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| title_short | Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks = Intoxicação por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte: análise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| title_sort | monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks intoxicacao por monensina devido a bolos intrarruminais em bovinos de corte analise retrospectiva de 7 surtos |
| topic | Rumiantes Envenenamiento Monensina Ionóforos Ruminants Poisoning Monensin Ionophores |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/24654 https://bjvm.org.br/BJVM/article/view/1406 https://doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006525 |
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