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Quantifying potassium requirement and removal across crop species

Context Potassium (K) management is crucial for addressing global yield gaps in agricultural systems. Objectives To determine K uptake requirements, K internal efficiency (KIE), and K removal for several crops at different yield targets while assessing the factors driving variation. Methods We compi...

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Autores principales: Carciocchi, Walter Daniel, Dobermann, Achim, Cafaro La Menza, Nicolás, Brouder, Sylvie, Donough, Christopher, Heuschele, Deborah Jo, Oberthür, Thomas, Sandaña, Patricio, Shehu, Bello Muhammad, Pereira, Jessica Thainara, Soratto, Rogério P., Volenec, Jeffrey J., Wandri, Ruli, Wang, Yajing, Win, Su Su, He, Ping, Grassini, Patricio
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2025
Materias:
Índice de Cosecha
Concentración
Potasio
Eficiencia en el Uso de los Nutrientes
Harvest Index
Concentration
Potassium
Nutrient Use Efficiency
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23346
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429024004702
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109717
Sumario:Context Potassium (K) management is crucial for addressing global yield gaps in agricultural systems. Objectives To determine K uptake requirements, K internal efficiency (KIE), and K removal for several crops at different yield targets while assessing the factors driving variation. Methods We compiled a comprehensive database to determine K requirement, KIE, and K removal for various yield potentials. We assessed intra- and inter-species variations in KIE and compared the K-related parameters across 14 crop species. Results The K uptake requirements increased with crop yield, with an average two-fold smaller K requirement (22 versus 41 kg K) and 4-fold smaller K removal (3.8 versus 15 kg K) per ton of harvested organ in cereals than soybean. Variations in KIE within crops were related to K harvest index (KHI) in maize and wheat and K concentration in harvested product (KCHP) in soybean. Variation in KCHP across species was related to protein and moisture content. The KIE ranked as follows: cassava and sugarcane (87) > cereals, potatoes, and alfalfa (41−58) > banana and oil-rich crops (10–30 kg kg⁻¹ K). Net K removal increased with higher yield, KHI, and crop residue removal. Conclusions The K uptake requirement increases with yields, while KIE decreases as yields approach potential yield. Variation in KIE among species derives from differences in KCHP and KHI. Thus, effective K management must consider yield levels, crop choice, and residue management. Significance We provided a foundation for quantifying K requirements and removals across crop species and target yields, offering essential insights for sustainable K management in agroecosystems.

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