Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows

Mechanical pruning in narrow olive hedgerows is essential for managing alternate bearing and facilitating mechanical harvesting by influencing the number of fruit load points. In olive cv. Arbequina hedgerows (2000 trees ha−1), two pruning times (winter and spring) and two pruning types (unilateral...

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Main Authors: Calvo, Franco, Calahorra, Maria Andrea, Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael
Format: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23204
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2335
https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122335
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author Calvo, Franco
Calahorra, Maria Andrea
Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael
author_browse Calahorra, Maria Andrea
Calvo, Franco
Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael
author_facet Calvo, Franco
Calahorra, Maria Andrea
Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael
author_sort Calvo, Franco
collection INTA Digital
description Mechanical pruning in narrow olive hedgerows is essential for managing alternate bearing and facilitating mechanical harvesting by influencing the number of fruit load points. In olive cv. Arbequina hedgerows (2000 trees ha−1), two pruning times (winter and spring) and two pruning types (unilateral and bilateral) were applied under contrasting bearing conditions (ON and OFF seasons) over four consecutive seasons in La Rioja, Argentina. A strong El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event during the final season had a profound impact, increasing winter temperatures by 2 °C and reducing the average chill accumulation by 23%, significantly reducing productivity and exacerbating alternate bearing. The results demonstrated that pruning timing alone was ineffective in controlling alternate bearing, while bilateral pruning during ON seasons showed promise in regularizing fruit and oil yields and enhancing water use efficiency. However, the severe effects of the ENSO, which disrupted the winter dormancy break of fruiting buds, could not be mitigated by the evaluated pruning strategies.
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institution Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina)
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spelling INTA232042025-07-29T13:29:18Z Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows Calvo, Franco Calahorra, Maria Andrea Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael Olea europaea Mechanical Pruning Productivity Growth El Niño Poda Mecánica Productividad Crecimiento Olivo Mechanical pruning in narrow olive hedgerows is essential for managing alternate bearing and facilitating mechanical harvesting by influencing the number of fruit load points. In olive cv. Arbequina hedgerows (2000 trees ha−1), two pruning times (winter and spring) and two pruning types (unilateral and bilateral) were applied under contrasting bearing conditions (ON and OFF seasons) over four consecutive seasons in La Rioja, Argentina. A strong El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event during the final season had a profound impact, increasing winter temperatures by 2 °C and reducing the average chill accumulation by 23%, significantly reducing productivity and exacerbating alternate bearing. The results demonstrated that pruning timing alone was ineffective in controlling alternate bearing, while bilateral pruning during ON seasons showed promise in regularizing fruit and oil yields and enhancing water use efficiency. However, the severe effects of the ENSO, which disrupted the winter dormancy break of fruiting buds, could not be mitigated by the evaluated pruning strategies. EEA Chilecito Fil: Calvo, Franco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina Fil: Calvo, Franco. Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina Fil: Calvo, Franco. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de la Rioja; Argentina Fil: Calvo, Franco. Secretaria de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina Fil: Calvo, Franco. Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina Fil: Calvo, Franco. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible en el Oasis; Argentina Fil: Calahorra, Maria Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible en el Oasis; Argentina Fil: Calahorra, Maria Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chilecito; Argentina Fil: Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; Argentina 2025-07-29T13:26:39Z 2025-07-29T13:26:39Z 2024-12 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23204 https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2335 2077-0472 https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122335 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf MDPI Agriculture 14 (12) : 2335. (December 2024)
spellingShingle Olea europaea
Mechanical Pruning
Productivity
Growth
El Niño
Poda Mecánica
Productividad
Crecimiento
Olivo
Calvo, Franco
Calahorra, Maria Andrea
Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael
Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows
title Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows
title_full Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows
title_fullStr Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows
title_full_unstemmed Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows
title_short Impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Mechanical Pruning Strategies on the Productivity, Alternate Bearing, and Vegetative Growth of Olive Hedgerows
title_sort impact of el nino southern oscillation and mechanical pruning strategies on the productivity alternate bearing and vegetative growth of olive hedgerows
topic Olea europaea
Mechanical Pruning
Productivity
Growth
El Niño
Poda Mecánica
Productividad
Crecimiento
Olivo
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23204
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2335
https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122335
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