P23-Specific IgY significantly reduces diarrhea and oocyst shedding in calves experimentally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum

Background/Objectives: Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic enteroparasite causing severe diarrhea in newborn calves, leading to significant economic losses in dairy and beef farming. This study aimed to evaluate whether C. parvum p23-specific IgY antibodies could control neonatal calf diarrhea caus...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mira, Anabela, Garro, Carlos Javier, De Alba, Paloma, Monti, Demián Esteban, Lang, Maria Cecilia, Vivas, Alejandro, Medina, Esteban, Franco, Juan Cruz, Gutierrez, Álvaro, Schnittger, Leonhard, Wigdorovitz, Andres, Parreño, Gladys Viviana, Bok, Marina
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/21518
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/2/162
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13020162
Descripción
Sumario:Background/Objectives: Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic enteroparasite causing severe diarrhea in newborn calves, leading to significant economic losses in dairy and beef farming. This study aimed to evaluate whether C. parvum p23-specific IgY antibodies could control neonatal calf diarrhea caused by C. parvum. Methods: A recombinant immunogen comprising the p23 protein fused to the antigen-presenting cell homing (APCH) molecule was expressed using the baculovirus system. Hens were immunized with the APCH-p23 immunogen, and the resulting IgY was spray-dried for treatment use. Eight newborn calves were included in the study and received commercial colostrum within the first 12 h of life. Four calves were treated with 20 g of powdered egg containing IgY (p23-specific IgY titer of 256 in milk) twice daily for 7 days. The remaining four calves received regular non-supplemented milk. All calves were orally infected with 6 million oocysts and monitored for 21 days. Results: Calves treated with p23-specific IgY exhibited significantly reduced diarrhea duration (3.5 vs. 7.5 days; p = 0.0397) and oocyst shedding duration (6.50 vs. 12 days; p = 0.0089). In addition, the total number of excreted oocysts, as measured by the change of the area under the curve (AUC), was significantly reduced in the treated group (14.25 vs. 33.45; p = 0.0117). Although the onset of diarrhea was delayed (3.5 to 6.5 days post-infection; p = 0.1840), and diarrhea severity was reduced (24.25 to 17 AUC; p = 0.1236), both parameters were not statistically significant. Conclusions: P23-specific IgY antibodies effectively reduced the C. parvum-induced duration of diarrhea in experimentally infected calves. These findings highlight the potential of this passive treatment as a promising strategy for controlling neonatal calf diarrhea.