Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler
Walnut cultivation is expanding into regions where water availability for irrigation is lower than crop evapotranspiration. However, information regarding the responses and adaptations of walnut trees to water deficit remains scarce. In this study, we applied three irrigation levels, 100%, 75%, and...
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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MDPI
2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/19194 https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13472 https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813472 |
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| author | Calvo, Franco Emmanuel Silvente, Sonia Teresa Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael |
| author_browse | Calvo, Franco Emmanuel Silvente, Sonia Teresa Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael |
| author_facet | Calvo, Franco Emmanuel Silvente, Sonia Teresa Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael |
| author_sort | Calvo, Franco Emmanuel |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Walnut cultivation is expanding into regions where water availability for irrigation is lower than crop evapotranspiration. However, information regarding the responses and adaptations of walnut trees to water deficit remains scarce. In this study, we applied three irrigation levels, 100%, 75%, and 50% of crop evapotranspiration (referred to as T100, T75, and T50, respectively), to Chandler walnut trees over two consecutive seasons. During the second season, we evaluated leaf water-deficit biomarkers, including proline, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars, phenols, and flavonoids, using targeted spectrophotometry. Despite not finding significant differences in biomarker concentrations among the irrigation regimes, we observed variations between different collection times (sprouting, endocarp hardening, and maturity). Furthermore, we assessed the kernel metabolome using untargeted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, profiling seventy-one metabolites across all samples. Notably, forty-one of these metabolites were identified as members of distinct groups, comprising carbohydrates (n = 11), fatty acids (n = 11), organic acids (n = 9), and amino acids (n = 5). Linear mixed models showed no significant differences between the irrigation regimes. However, in the T50 treatment, multivariate analysis (PCA) revealed a higher concentration of osmotic adjustment metabolites, which are potentially associated with protecting oil biosynthesis under high-temperature and water deficit conditions. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA19194 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA191942024-08-30T15:05:49Z Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler Calvo, Franco Emmanuel Silvente, Sonia Teresa Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael Juglans regia Nuez Variedades Metabolómica Estrés de Sequía Walnuts Varieties Metabolomics Drought Stress Variedad Chandler Estrés Hídrico Water Stress Walnut cultivation is expanding into regions where water availability for irrigation is lower than crop evapotranspiration. However, information regarding the responses and adaptations of walnut trees to water deficit remains scarce. In this study, we applied three irrigation levels, 100%, 75%, and 50% of crop evapotranspiration (referred to as T100, T75, and T50, respectively), to Chandler walnut trees over two consecutive seasons. During the second season, we evaluated leaf water-deficit biomarkers, including proline, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars, phenols, and flavonoids, using targeted spectrophotometry. Despite not finding significant differences in biomarker concentrations among the irrigation regimes, we observed variations between different collection times (sprouting, endocarp hardening, and maturity). Furthermore, we assessed the kernel metabolome using untargeted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, profiling seventy-one metabolites across all samples. Notably, forty-one of these metabolites were identified as members of distinct groups, comprising carbohydrates (n = 11), fatty acids (n = 11), organic acids (n = 9), and amino acids (n = 5). Linear mixed models showed no significant differences between the irrigation regimes. However, in the T50 treatment, multivariate analysis (PCA) revealed a higher concentration of osmotic adjustment metabolites, which are potentially associated with protecting oil biosynthesis under high-temperature and water deficit conditions. EEA La Consulta Fil: Calvo, Franco. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible en el Oasis (IASO); Argentina Fil: Calvo, Franco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Silvente, Sonia. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Instituto de Ambiente de Montaña y Regiones Áridas (IAMRA); Argentina Fil: Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; Argentina 2024-08-30T14:56:09Z 2024-08-30T14:56:09Z 2023-09 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/19194 https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13472 2071-1050 https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813472 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf MDPI Sustainability 15 (18) : 13472. (September 2023) |
| spellingShingle | Juglans regia Nuez Variedades Metabolómica Estrés de Sequía Walnuts Varieties Metabolomics Drought Stress Variedad Chandler Estrés Hídrico Water Stress Calvo, Franco Emmanuel Silvente, Sonia Teresa Trentacoste, Eduardo Rafael Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler |
| title | Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler |
| title_full | Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler |
| title_fullStr | Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler |
| title_short | Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler |
| title_sort | leaf biochemical and kernel metabolite profiles as potential biomarkers of water deficit in walnut juglans regia l cv chandler |
| topic | Juglans regia Nuez Variedades Metabolómica Estrés de Sequía Walnuts Varieties Metabolomics Drought Stress Variedad Chandler Estrés Hídrico Water Stress |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/19194 https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13472 https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813472 |
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