Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina

Context or problem: Maize production in Argentina has increased in recent years, following the global gain (GG) in grain yield (GY). The GG in GY depends on genetic progress (GP), which requires frequent quantification to detect potential plateaus and variations in its contribution to the GG. In thi...

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Main Authors: Amas, Juan Ignacio, Curin, Facundo, D'Andrea, Karina Elizabeth, Luque, Sergio F., Otegui, María Elena
Format: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/19002
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378429024002739
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109520
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author Amas, Juan Ignacio
Curin, Facundo
D'Andrea, Karina Elizabeth
Luque, Sergio F.
Otegui, María Elena
author_browse Amas, Juan Ignacio
Curin, Facundo
D'Andrea, Karina Elizabeth
Luque, Sergio F.
Otegui, María Elena
author_facet Amas, Juan Ignacio
Curin, Facundo
D'Andrea, Karina Elizabeth
Luque, Sergio F.
Otegui, María Elena
author_sort Amas, Juan Ignacio
collection INTA Digital
description Context or problem: Maize production in Argentina has increased in recent years, following the global gain (GG) in grain yield (GY). The GG in GY depends on genetic progress (GP), which requires frequent quantification to detect potential plateaus and variations in its contribution to the GG. In this sense, hybrid adoption in Argentina shifted from double- and three-way to single cross (F1) hybrids in the 1990s, thereby increasing the level of heterosis of released hybrids. Since heterosis increase may have had a greater impact on estimates of maize GG than those based on a single cross type, GP based exclusively on F1 hybrids and its contribution to GG could be lower than that including different types of crosses. Objective or research question: The main objectives of this work were to (i) analyze grain yield GP, (ii) dissect grain yield GP into the corresponding trends in its physiological determinants and numerical components, and (iii) estimate the relative contribution of GP to GG in the main maize producing region of Argentina for the period marked by significant changes in heterosis level (i.e. from 1960s to 1990s) and the period of massive adoption of F1 hybrids (from 1990s onwards). Methods: We used a dataset obtained at the core of the mentioned region (INTA Pergamino; 33°56’S, 60°34’W) from era-decade experiments (ERA) including 24 hybrids released between 1965 and 2016 and grown with no abiotic or biotic restrictions. We quantified GY, its numeric components (KN: kernel number m−2, KW: individual kernel weight) and its physiological determinants (BT: total shoot biomass at maturity, HI: harvest index). Results: A GP of 0.84 % y−1 was computed for GY from 1965 to 1993, and of 0.51 % y−1 thereafter. We also detected genetic progress for KN (0.53 % y−1) and BT (0.26 % y−1) but not for KW. A GP of 0.66 % y−1 was computed for HI up to 1993, which plateaued thereafter. A 40 % contribution of GP to GG was estimated for the Pergamino site from 1965 to 1993, predominantly driven by changes in heterosis level. The contribution dropped to 32 % from 1993 onwards, when F1 hybrids were massively adopted by the farmers. This contribution was much smaller (e.g. 19 %) in areas less representative of the target population of environments of dominant breeding programs. Conclusions: Our findings underline that the relative contribution of GP to GY improvement at the regional level varies markedly depending upon the period included in the analysis and the environment used for evaluation. The decline observed at less representative locations of the main target population of environments may guide breeders in their decision for developing new programs.
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spelling INTA190022024-08-19T12:59:58Z Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina Amas, Juan Ignacio Curin, Facundo D'Andrea, Karina Elizabeth Luque, Sergio F. Otegui, María Elena Maíz Rendimiento de Cultivos Parámetro Genético Maize Crop Yield Genetic Parameters Genetics Argentina Genética Heterosis Target Environment Kernel Number Total Shoot Biomass Harvest Index Context or problem: Maize production in Argentina has increased in recent years, following the global gain (GG) in grain yield (GY). The GG in GY depends on genetic progress (GP), which requires frequent quantification to detect potential plateaus and variations in its contribution to the GG. In this sense, hybrid adoption in Argentina shifted from double- and three-way to single cross (F1) hybrids in the 1990s, thereby increasing the level of heterosis of released hybrids. Since heterosis increase may have had a greater impact on estimates of maize GG than those based on a single cross type, GP based exclusively on F1 hybrids and its contribution to GG could be lower than that including different types of crosses. Objective or research question: The main objectives of this work were to (i) analyze grain yield GP, (ii) dissect grain yield GP into the corresponding trends in its physiological determinants and numerical components, and (iii) estimate the relative contribution of GP to GG in the main maize producing region of Argentina for the period marked by significant changes in heterosis level (i.e. from 1960s to 1990s) and the period of massive adoption of F1 hybrids (from 1990s onwards). Methods: We used a dataset obtained at the core of the mentioned region (INTA Pergamino; 33°56’S, 60°34’W) from era-decade experiments (ERA) including 24 hybrids released between 1965 and 2016 and grown with no abiotic or biotic restrictions. We quantified GY, its numeric components (KN: kernel number m−2, KW: individual kernel weight) and its physiological determinants (BT: total shoot biomass at maturity, HI: harvest index). Results: A GP of 0.84 % y−1 was computed for GY from 1965 to 1993, and of 0.51 % y−1 thereafter. We also detected genetic progress for KN (0.53 % y−1) and BT (0.26 % y−1) but not for KW. A GP of 0.66 % y−1 was computed for HI up to 1993, which plateaued thereafter. A 40 % contribution of GP to GG was estimated for the Pergamino site from 1965 to 1993, predominantly driven by changes in heterosis level. The contribution dropped to 32 % from 1993 onwards, when F1 hybrids were massively adopted by the farmers. This contribution was much smaller (e.g. 19 %) in areas less representative of the target population of environments of dominant breeding programs. Conclusions: Our findings underline that the relative contribution of GP to GY improvement at the regional level varies markedly depending upon the period included in the analysis and the environment used for evaluation. The decline observed at less representative locations of the main target population of environments may guide breeders in their decision for developing new programs. EEA Pergamino Fil: Amas, Juan I. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; Argentina Fil: Amas, Juan I. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Amas, Juan I. Corteva Agriscience; Argentina Fil: Curín, Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencias del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencias del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencias del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: D'Andrea, K. E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina Fil: D'Andrea, K. E. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Fisiología y Ecología Vinculado a la Agricultura; Argentina Fil: Luque, S. F. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Cátedra de Cereales y Oleaginosas; Argentina Fil: Otegui, María Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; Argentina Fil: Otegui, María E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Otegui, María E. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina 2024-08-19T12:45:57Z 2024-08-19T12:45:57Z 2024-08 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/19002 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378429024002739 0378-4290 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109520 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Elsevier Field Crops Research 316 (1) : 109520. (August 2024)
spellingShingle Maíz
Rendimiento de Cultivos
Parámetro Genético
Maize
Crop Yield
Genetic Parameters
Genetics
Argentina
Genética
Heterosis
Target Environment
Kernel Number
Total Shoot Biomass
Harvest Index
Amas, Juan Ignacio
Curin, Facundo
D'Andrea, Karina Elizabeth
Luque, Sergio F.
Otegui, María Elena
Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina
title Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina
title_full Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina
title_fullStr Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina
title_full_unstemmed Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina
title_short Maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in Argentina
title_sort maize breeding effects on grain yield genetic progress and its contribution to global yield gain in argentina
topic Maíz
Rendimiento de Cultivos
Parámetro Genético
Maize
Crop Yield
Genetic Parameters
Genetics
Argentina
Genética
Heterosis
Target Environment
Kernel Number
Total Shoot Biomass
Harvest Index
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/19002
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378429024002739
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109520
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