Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport
Plants constitute 80% of the biomass on earth, and almost two-thirds of this biomass is found in wood. Wood formation is a carbon (C)-demanding process and relies on C transport from photosynthetic tissues. Thus, understanding the transport process is of major interest for understanding terrestrial...
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| Format: | Artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Oxford University Press
2024
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18515 https://academic.oup.com/treephys/article/42/3/458/6372535 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab123 |
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| author | Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe Niittylä, Totte |
| author_browse | Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe Niittylä, Totte |
| author_facet | Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe Niittylä, Totte |
| author_sort | Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Plants constitute 80% of the biomass on earth, and almost two-thirds of this biomass is found in wood. Wood formation is a carbon (C)-demanding process and relies on C transport from photosynthetic tissues. Thus, understanding the transport process is of major interest for understanding terrestrial biomass formation. Here, we review the molecules and mechanisms used to transport and allocate C in trees. Sucrose is the major form in which C is transported in plants, and it is found in the phloem sap of all tree species investigated so far. However, in several tree species, sucrose is accompanied by other molecules, notably polyols and the raffinose family of oligosaccharides. We describe the molecules that constitute each of these transport groups, and their distribution across different tree species. Furthermore, we detail the metabolic reactions for their synthesis, the mechanisms by which trees load and unload these compounds in and out of the vascular system, and how they are radially transported in the trunk and finally catabolized during wood formation. We also address a particular C recirculation process between phloem and xylem that occurs in trees during the annual cycle of growth and dormancy. A search of possible evolutionary drivers behind the diversity of C-carrying molecules in trees reveals no consistent differences in C transport mechanisms between angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. Furthermore, the distribution of C forms across species suggests that climate-related environmental factors will not explain the diversity of C transport forms. However, the consideration of C-transport mechanisms in relation to tree–rhizosphere coevolution deserves further attention. To conclude the review, we identify possible future lines of research in this field. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA18515 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| publisherStr | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA185152024-07-16T10:05:13Z Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe Niittylä, Totte Carbon Dormancy Sucrose Polyols Phloem Trees Oligosaccharides Raffinose Carbono Dormición Sucrosa Polialcohol Floema Árbol Oligosacárido Rafinosa Carbon Transport Carbon Metabolism Transporte de Carbono Metabolismo del Carbono Plants constitute 80% of the biomass on earth, and almost two-thirds of this biomass is found in wood. Wood formation is a carbon (C)-demanding process and relies on C transport from photosynthetic tissues. Thus, understanding the transport process is of major interest for understanding terrestrial biomass formation. Here, we review the molecules and mechanisms used to transport and allocate C in trees. Sucrose is the major form in which C is transported in plants, and it is found in the phloem sap of all tree species investigated so far. However, in several tree species, sucrose is accompanied by other molecules, notably polyols and the raffinose family of oligosaccharides. We describe the molecules that constitute each of these transport groups, and their distribution across different tree species. Furthermore, we detail the metabolic reactions for their synthesis, the mechanisms by which trees load and unload these compounds in and out of the vascular system, and how they are radially transported in the trunk and finally catabolized during wood formation. We also address a particular C recirculation process between phloem and xylem that occurs in trees during the annual cycle of growth and dormancy. A search of possible evolutionary drivers behind the diversity of C-carrying molecules in trees reveals no consistent differences in C transport mechanisms between angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. Furthermore, the distribution of C forms across species suggests that climate-related environmental factors will not explain the diversity of C transport forms. However, the consideration of C-transport mechanisms in relation to tree–rhizosphere coevolution deserves further attention. To conclude the review, we identify possible future lines of research in this field. Instituto de Biotecnología Fil: Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; Argentina Fil: Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Niittylä, Totte. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Umeå Plant Science Centre. Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology; Suecia 2024-07-16T10:01:08Z 2024-07-16T10:01:08Z 2022-03 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18515 https://academic.oup.com/treephys/article/42/3/458/6372535 1758-4469 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab123 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Oxford University Press Tree Physiology 42 (3) : 458-487 (March 2022) |
| spellingShingle | Carbon Dormancy Sucrose Polyols Phloem Trees Oligosaccharides Raffinose Carbono Dormición Sucrosa Polialcohol Floema Árbol Oligosacárido Rafinosa Carbon Transport Carbon Metabolism Transporte de Carbono Metabolismo del Carbono Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe Niittylä, Totte Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport |
| title | Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport |
| title_full | Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport |
| title_fullStr | Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport |
| title_short | Mobile forms of carbon in trees : metabolism and transport |
| title_sort | mobile forms of carbon in trees metabolism and transport |
| topic | Carbon Dormancy Sucrose Polyols Phloem Trees Oligosaccharides Raffinose Carbono Dormición Sucrosa Polialcohol Floema Árbol Oligosacárido Rafinosa Carbon Transport Carbon Metabolism Transporte de Carbono Metabolismo del Carbono |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18515 https://academic.oup.com/treephys/article/42/3/458/6372535 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab123 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dominguezpiaguadalupe mobileformsofcarbonintreesmetabolismandtransport AT niittylatotte mobileformsofcarbonintreesmetabolismandtransport |