Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges
Sarcocystis spp. are coccidian protozoans belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum. As with other members of this phylum, they are obligate intracellular parasites with complex cellular machinery for the invasion of host cells. Sarcocystis spp. display dixenous life cycles, involving a predator and a pre...
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| Format: | Artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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MDPI
2024
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18414 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/3/196 https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030196 |
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| author | Wieser, Sara Nathaly Giuliano, Susana M. Reategui Ordoñez, Juan Barriga Marcapura, Ximena Olivera, Luis V. M. Chavez Fumagalli, Miguel Angel Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Monica |
| author_browse | Barriga Marcapura, Ximena Chavez Fumagalli, Miguel Angel Florin-Christensen, Monica Giuliano, Susana M. Olivera, Luis V. M. Reategui Ordoñez, Juan Schnittger, Leonhard Wieser, Sara Nathaly |
| author_facet | Wieser, Sara Nathaly Giuliano, Susana M. Reategui Ordoñez, Juan Barriga Marcapura, Ximena Olivera, Luis V. M. Chavez Fumagalli, Miguel Angel Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Monica |
| author_sort | Wieser, Sara Nathaly |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Sarcocystis spp. are coccidian protozoans belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum. As with other members of this phylum, they are obligate intracellular parasites with complex cellular machinery for the invasion of host cells. Sarcocystis spp. display dixenous life cycles, involving a predator and a prey as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. Specifically, these parasites develop sarcocysts in the tissues of their intermediate hosts, ranging in size from microscopic to visible to the naked eye, depending on the species. When definitive hosts consume sarcocysts, infective forms are produced in the digestive system and discharged into the environment via feces. Consumption of oocyst-contaminated water and pasture by the intermediate host completes the parasitic cycle. More than 200 Sarcocystis spp. have been described to infect wildlife, domestic animals, and humans, some of which are of economic or public health importance. Interestingly, Old World camelids (dromedary, domestic Bactrian camel, and wild Bactrian camel) and New World or South American camelids (llama, alpaca, guanaco, and vicuña) can each be infected by two different Sarcocystis spp: Old World camelids by S. cameli (producing micro- and macroscopic cysts) and S. ippeni (microscopic cysts); and South American camelids by S. aucheniae (macroscopic cysts) and S. masoni (microscopic cysts). Large numbers of Old and New World camelids are bred for meat production, but the finding of macroscopic sarcocysts in carcasses significantly hampers meat commercialization. This review tries to compile the information that is currently accessible regarding the biology, epidemiology, phylogeny, and diagnosis of Sarcocystis spp. that infect Old and New World camelids. In addition, knowledge gaps will be identified to encourage research that will lead to the control of these parasites. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA18414 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA184142025-03-10T09:37:08Z Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges Wieser, Sara Nathaly Giuliano, Susana M. Reategui Ordoñez, Juan Barriga Marcapura, Ximena Olivera, Luis V. M. Chavez Fumagalli, Miguel Angel Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Monica Camelids Camels Sarcocystis South America Epidemiology Phylogeny Diagnosis Camélidos Camello América del Sur Epidemiología Filogenia Diagnóstico Sarcocystis spp. are coccidian protozoans belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum. As with other members of this phylum, they are obligate intracellular parasites with complex cellular machinery for the invasion of host cells. Sarcocystis spp. display dixenous life cycles, involving a predator and a prey as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. Specifically, these parasites develop sarcocysts in the tissues of their intermediate hosts, ranging in size from microscopic to visible to the naked eye, depending on the species. When definitive hosts consume sarcocysts, infective forms are produced in the digestive system and discharged into the environment via feces. Consumption of oocyst-contaminated water and pasture by the intermediate host completes the parasitic cycle. More than 200 Sarcocystis spp. have been described to infect wildlife, domestic animals, and humans, some of which are of economic or public health importance. Interestingly, Old World camelids (dromedary, domestic Bactrian camel, and wild Bactrian camel) and New World or South American camelids (llama, alpaca, guanaco, and vicuña) can each be infected by two different Sarcocystis spp: Old World camelids by S. cameli (producing micro- and macroscopic cysts) and S. ippeni (microscopic cysts); and South American camelids by S. aucheniae (macroscopic cysts) and S. masoni (microscopic cysts). Large numbers of Old and New World camelids are bred for meat production, but the finding of macroscopic sarcocysts in carcasses significantly hampers meat commercialization. This review tries to compile the information that is currently accessible regarding the biology, epidemiology, phylogeny, and diagnosis of Sarcocystis spp. that infect Old and New World camelids. In addition, knowledge gaps will be identified to encourage research that will lead to the control of these parasites. Instituto de Patobiología Fil: Wieser, Sarah Nathaly. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria; Argentina Fil: Wieser, Sarah Nathaly. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Giuliano, Susana M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Reategui Ordoñez, Juan. Universidad Católica de Santa María. Vicerrectorado de Investigación. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Perú Fil: Barriga Marcapura, Ximena. Universidad Católica de Santa María. Vicerrectorado de Investigación. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Perú Fil: Olivera, Luis V. M. Universidad Nacional del Altiplano. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria; Perú Fil: Chavez Fumagalli, Miguel Angel. Universidad Católica de Santa María. Vicerrectorado de Investigación. Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group; Perú Fil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria; Argentina Fil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Florin-Christensen, Monica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria; Argentina Fil: Florin-Christensen, Monica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina 2024-07-08T10:10:36Z 2024-07-08T10:10:36Z 2024-03 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18414 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/3/196 2076-0817 https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030196 eng info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L06-I114, Desarrollo y aplicación de métodos diagnósticos y epidemiológicos para la producción pecuaria sustentable y agroalimentaria en humanos con foco en Una Salud info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf MDPI Pathogens 13 (3) : 196 (March 2024) |
| spellingShingle | Camelids Camels Sarcocystis South America Epidemiology Phylogeny Diagnosis Camélidos Camello América del Sur Epidemiología Filogenia Diagnóstico Wieser, Sara Nathaly Giuliano, Susana M. Reategui Ordoñez, Juan Barriga Marcapura, Ximena Olivera, Luis V. M. Chavez Fumagalli, Miguel Angel Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Monica Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges |
| title | Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges |
| title_full | Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges |
| title_fullStr | Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges |
| title_short | Sarcocystis spp. of new and old world camelids : ancient origin, present challenges |
| title_sort | sarcocystis spp of new and old world camelids ancient origin present challenges |
| topic | Camelids Camels Sarcocystis South America Epidemiology Phylogeny Diagnosis Camélidos Camello América del Sur Epidemiología Filogenia Diagnóstico |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18414 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/3/196 https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030196 |
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