Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types

The emergence of alternative stable states in forest systems has significant implications for the functioning and structure of the terrestrial biosphere, yet empirical evidence remains scarce. Here, we combine global forest biodiversity observations and simulations to test for alternative stable st...

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Main Authors: Zou, Yibiao, Zohner, Constantin M., Averill, Colin, Ma, Haozhi, Merder, Julian, Berdugo, Miguel, Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, Mo, Lidong, Brun, Philipp, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., Peri, Pablo Luis, Crowther, Thomas W.
Format: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer Nature 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18252
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-48676-5
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5
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author Zou, Yibiao
Zohner, Constantin M.
Averill, Colin
Ma, Haozhi
Merder, Julian
Berdugo, Miguel
Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia
Mo, Lidong
Brun, Philipp
Zimmermann, Niklaus E.
Peri, Pablo Luis
Crowther, Thomas W.
author_browse Averill, Colin
Berdugo, Miguel
Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia
Brun, Philipp
Crowther, Thomas W.
Ma, Haozhi
Merder, Julian
Mo, Lidong
Peri, Pablo Luis
Zimmermann, Niklaus E.
Zohner, Constantin M.
Zou, Yibiao
author_facet Zou, Yibiao
Zohner, Constantin M.
Averill, Colin
Ma, Haozhi
Merder, Julian
Berdugo, Miguel
Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia
Mo, Lidong
Brun, Philipp
Zimmermann, Niklaus E.
Peri, Pablo Luis
Crowther, Thomas W.
author_sort Zou, Yibiao
collection INTA Digital
description The emergence of alternative stable states in forest systems has significant implications for the functioning and structure of the terrestrial biosphere, yet empirical evidence remains scarce. Here, we combine global forest biodiversity observations and simulations to test for alternative stable states in the presence of evergreen and deciduous forest types. We reveal a bimodal distribution of forest leaf types across temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere that cannot be explained by the environment alone, suggesting signatures of alternative forest states. Moreover, we empirically demonstrate the existence of positive feedbacks in tree growth, recruitment and mortality, with trees having 4–43% higher growth rates, 14–17% higher survival rates and 4–7 times higher recruitment rates when they are surrounded by trees of their own leaf type. Simulations show that the observed positive feedbacks are necessary and sufficient to generate alternative forest states, which also lead to dependency on history (hysteresis) during ecosystem transition from evergreen to deciduous forests and vice versa. We identify hotspots of bistable forest types in evergreen-deciduous ecotones, which are likely driven by soilrelated positive feedbacks. These findings are integral to predicting the distribution of forest biomes, and aid to our understanding of biodiversity, carbon turnover, and terrestrial climate feedbacks.
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institution Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina)
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publishDateRange 2024
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spelling INTA182522024-06-25T10:47:01Z Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types Zou, Yibiao Zohner, Constantin M. Averill, Colin Ma, Haozhi Merder, Julian Berdugo, Miguel Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia Mo, Lidong Brun, Philipp Zimmermann, Niklaus E. Peri, Pablo Luis Crowther, Thomas W. Forest Ecosystems Forest Biodiversity Forest Types (by species composition) Evergreen Plants Deciduous Plants Growth Rate Soil Carbon Cycle Ecosistemas Forestales Biodiversidad Forestal Tipos Forestales Plantas Siempreverdes Plantas Deciduas Tasa de Crecimiento Suelo Ciclo del Carbono Forest Biomes Survival Rates Recruitment Rates Evergreen-deciduous Ecotones Biomas Forestales Tasa de Supervivencia Tasas de Reclutamiento Ecotonos de Hoja Perenne-caducifolios The emergence of alternative stable states in forest systems has significant implications for the functioning and structure of the terrestrial biosphere, yet empirical evidence remains scarce. Here, we combine global forest biodiversity observations and simulations to test for alternative stable states in the presence of evergreen and deciduous forest types. We reveal a bimodal distribution of forest leaf types across temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere that cannot be explained by the environment alone, suggesting signatures of alternative forest states. Moreover, we empirically demonstrate the existence of positive feedbacks in tree growth, recruitment and mortality, with trees having 4–43% higher growth rates, 14–17% higher survival rates and 4–7 times higher recruitment rates when they are surrounded by trees of their own leaf type. Simulations show that the observed positive feedbacks are necessary and sufficient to generate alternative forest states, which also lead to dependency on history (hysteresis) during ecosystem transition from evergreen to deciduous forests and vice versa. We identify hotspots of bistable forest types in evergreen-deciduous ecotones, which are likely driven by soilrelated positive feedbacks. These findings are integral to predicting the distribution of forest biomes, and aid to our understanding of biodiversity, carbon turnover, and terrestrial climate feedbacks. EEA Santa Cruz Fil: Zou, Yibiao. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Zohner, Constantin M. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Averill, Colin. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Ma, Haozhi. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Merder, Julian. Carnegie Institution for Science. Department of Global Ecology; Estados Unidos Fil: Berdugo, Miguel. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Mo, Lidong. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza Fil: Brun, Philipp. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research; Suiza Fil: Zimmermann, Niklaus E. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research; Suiza Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santa Cruz; Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Fil: Crowther, Thomas W. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Institute of Integrative Biology; Suiza 2024-06-25T10:33:15Z 2024-06-25T10:33:15Z 2024-05-31 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18252 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-48676-5 ZOU Y.; ZOHNER C.M.; AVERILL C.; MA H.; MERDER J.; BERDUGO M.; BIALIC-MURPHY L. (…); PERI P.L.; et al. (2024) Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types. Nature Communications 15: e4658. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5 2041-1723 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Springer Nature Nature Communications 15 : e4658. (May 2024)
spellingShingle Forest Ecosystems
Forest Biodiversity
Forest Types (by species composition)
Evergreen Plants
Deciduous Plants
Growth Rate
Soil
Carbon Cycle
Ecosistemas Forestales
Biodiversidad Forestal
Tipos Forestales
Plantas Siempreverdes
Plantas Deciduas
Tasa de Crecimiento
Suelo
Ciclo del Carbono
Forest Biomes
Survival Rates
Recruitment Rates
Evergreen-deciduous Ecotones
Biomas Forestales
Tasa de Supervivencia
Tasas de Reclutamiento
Ecotonos de Hoja Perenne-caducifolios
Zou, Yibiao
Zohner, Constantin M.
Averill, Colin
Ma, Haozhi
Merder, Julian
Berdugo, Miguel
Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia
Mo, Lidong
Brun, Philipp
Zimmermann, Niklaus E.
Peri, Pablo Luis
Crowther, Thomas W.
Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
title Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
title_full Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
title_fullStr Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
title_full_unstemmed Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
title_short Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
title_sort positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types
topic Forest Ecosystems
Forest Biodiversity
Forest Types (by species composition)
Evergreen Plants
Deciduous Plants
Growth Rate
Soil
Carbon Cycle
Ecosistemas Forestales
Biodiversidad Forestal
Tipos Forestales
Plantas Siempreverdes
Plantas Deciduas
Tasa de Crecimiento
Suelo
Ciclo del Carbono
Forest Biomes
Survival Rates
Recruitment Rates
Evergreen-deciduous Ecotones
Biomas Forestales
Tasa de Supervivencia
Tasas de Reclutamiento
Ecotonos de Hoja Perenne-caducifolios
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/18252
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-48676-5
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5
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