New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis
Potato is the most important non-cereal crop worldwide, and, yet, genetic gains in potato have been traditionally delayed by the crop’s biology, mostly the genetic heterozygosity of autotetraploid cultivars and the intricacies of the reproductive system. Novel site-directed genetic modification tech...
| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, MDPI
2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/17977 https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/6/614 https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060614 |
| _version_ | 1855037768915222528 |
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| author | Hojsgaard, Diego Feingold, Sergio Enrique Massa, Gabriela Alejandra Bradshaw, John |
| author_browse | Bradshaw, John Feingold, Sergio Enrique Hojsgaard, Diego Massa, Gabriela Alejandra |
| author_facet | Hojsgaard, Diego Feingold, Sergio Enrique Massa, Gabriela Alejandra Bradshaw, John |
| author_sort | Hojsgaard, Diego |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | Potato is the most important non-cereal crop worldwide, and, yet, genetic gains in potato have been traditionally delayed by the crop’s biology, mostly the genetic heterozygosity of autotetraploid cultivars and the intricacies of the reproductive system. Novel site-directed genetic modification techniques provide opportunities for designing climate-smart cultivars, but they also pose new possibilities (and challenges) for breeding potato. As potato species show a remarkable reproductive diversity, and their ovules have a propensity to develop apomixis-like phenotypes, tinkering with reproductive genes in potato is opening new frontiers in potato breeding. Developing diploid varieties instead of tetraploid ones has been proposed as an alternative way to fill the gap in genetic gain, that is being achieved by using gene-edited self-compatible genotypes and inbred lines to exploit hybrid seed technology. In a similar way, modulating the formation of unreduced gametes and synthesizing apomixis in diploid or tetraploid potatoes may help to reinforce the transition to a diploid hybrid crop or enhance introgression schemes and fix highly heterozygous genotypes in tetraploid varieties. In any case, the induction of apomixis-like phenotypes will shorten the time and costs of developing new varieties by allowing the multi-generational propagation through true seeds. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on potato reproductive phenotypes and underlying genes, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using potato’s natural variability to modulate reproductive steps during seed formation, and consider strategies to synthesize apomixis. However, before we can fully modulate the reproductive phenotypes, we need to understand the genetic basis of such diversity. Finally, we visualize an active, central role for genebanks in this endeavor by phenotyping properly genotyped genebank accessions and new introductions to provide scientists and breeders with reliable data and resources for developing innovations to exploit market opportunities. |
| format | info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
| id | INTA17977 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, MDPI |
| publisherStr | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA179772024-05-31T10:34:03Z New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis Hojsgaard, Diego Feingold, Sergio Enrique Massa, Gabriela Alejandra Bradshaw, John Apomixis Germplasm Banks Gene Editing Parthenogenesis Gametogénesis Banco de Germoplasma Edición de Genes Mitosis Partenogénesis Potato is the most important non-cereal crop worldwide, and, yet, genetic gains in potato have been traditionally delayed by the crop’s biology, mostly the genetic heterozygosity of autotetraploid cultivars and the intricacies of the reproductive system. Novel site-directed genetic modification techniques provide opportunities for designing climate-smart cultivars, but they also pose new possibilities (and challenges) for breeding potato. As potato species show a remarkable reproductive diversity, and their ovules have a propensity to develop apomixis-like phenotypes, tinkering with reproductive genes in potato is opening new frontiers in potato breeding. Developing diploid varieties instead of tetraploid ones has been proposed as an alternative way to fill the gap in genetic gain, that is being achieved by using gene-edited self-compatible genotypes and inbred lines to exploit hybrid seed technology. In a similar way, modulating the formation of unreduced gametes and synthesizing apomixis in diploid or tetraploid potatoes may help to reinforce the transition to a diploid hybrid crop or enhance introgression schemes and fix highly heterozygous genotypes in tetraploid varieties. In any case, the induction of apomixis-like phenotypes will shorten the time and costs of developing new varieties by allowing the multi-generational propagation through true seeds. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on potato reproductive phenotypes and underlying genes, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using potato’s natural variability to modulate reproductive steps during seed formation, and consider strategies to synthesize apomixis. However, before we can fully modulate the reproductive phenotypes, we need to understand the genetic basis of such diversity. Finally, we visualize an active, central role for genebanks in this endeavor by phenotyping properly genotyped genebank accessions and new introductions to provide scientists and breeders with reliable data and resources for developing innovations to exploit market opportunities. EEA Balcarce Fil: Hojsgaard, Diego. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research; Alemania Fil: Nagel, Manuela. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research; Alemania Fil: Feingold, Sergio Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Massa, Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina Fil: Massa, Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Bradshaw, John. James Hutton Institute; Reino Unido 2024-05-31T10:30:01Z 2024-05-31T10:30:01Z 2024-05 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/17977 https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/6/614 2218-273X https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060614 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, MDPI Biomolecules 14 (6) : 614 (May 2024) |
| spellingShingle | Apomixis Germplasm Banks Gene Editing Parthenogenesis Gametogénesis Banco de Germoplasma Edición de Genes Mitosis Partenogénesis Hojsgaard, Diego Feingold, Sergio Enrique Massa, Gabriela Alejandra Bradshaw, John New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis |
| title | New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis |
| title_full | New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis |
| title_fullStr | New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis |
| title_short | New Frontiers in Potato Breeding: Tinkering with Reproductive Genes and Apomixis |
| title_sort | new frontiers in potato breeding tinkering with reproductive genes and apomixis |
| topic | Apomixis Germplasm Banks Gene Editing Parthenogenesis Gametogénesis Banco de Germoplasma Edición de Genes Mitosis Partenogénesis |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/17977 https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/6/614 https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060614 |
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