Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest

Peanut smut (Thecaphora frezzii) is one of the most important peanut diseases in Argentinian peanut production. This monocyclic soil-borne pathogen transforms kernels into spore masses. Spore liberation from broken infected pods during the harvest process is supposed to be the main mechanism of inoc...

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Autores principales: Paredes, Juan Andrés, Sparks, Adam H., Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto, Rago, Alejandro Mario, Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Springer 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/17118
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40858-024-00645-5
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00645-5
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author Paredes, Juan Andrés
Sparks, Adam H.
Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto
Rago, Alejandro Mario
Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo
author_browse Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo
Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto
Paredes, Juan Andrés
Rago, Alejandro Mario
Sparks, Adam H.
author_facet Paredes, Juan Andrés
Sparks, Adam H.
Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto
Rago, Alejandro Mario
Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo
author_sort Paredes, Juan Andrés
collection INTA Digital
description Peanut smut (Thecaphora frezzii) is one of the most important peanut diseases in Argentinian peanut production. This monocyclic soil-borne pathogen transforms kernels into spore masses. Spore liberation from broken infected pods during the harvest process is supposed to be the main mechanism of inoculum spread, with the subsequent spread among fields increasing the soil inoculum for future peanut cropping seasons. However, we are unaware of any published study on the role of wind (in terms of speed and direction) in how far smut spores spread. Therefore, we conducted an observational study where passive spore traps were distributed at harvest around six fields placed at 100, 200, 300, and 400 m away from each field’s centroid in four cardinal directions. Three time slices were sampled: from the beginning of harvest to 90-, 180-, and 270-minutes continuously during harvest. Wind speed and direction were recorded at each trap. A generalized additive model was fitted to describe the spore spread. Modeling the dispersal shows that the spread is influenced by wind speed and the smut severely damaged pods incidence present at the harvested field. Additionally, spore size and proportion of different smut spore types were assessed (from a single unit spore to a 5-multinuclear propagule). No statistical differences were observed in the proportion of the spore types trapped. However, fewer spores were trapped at distances farther from the harvested area. This work led us to understand a fundamental component of the peanut smut cycle and epidemiology, which is to design management strategies. For example, avoiding harvest on windy days (typically >10 km h-1) to prevent the distant spread of inoculum for subsequent seasons or predicting the risk surrounding an infected field.
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spelling INTA171182024-03-20T10:38:08Z Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest Paredes, Juan Andrés Sparks, Adam H. Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto Rago, Alejandro Mario Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo Epidemiology Groundnuts Epidemiología Cordoba (Argentina) Cacahuete Arachis hypogaea Inoculum Source Peanut Disease Spore Dispersal Spore Trap Peanuts Thecaphora Frezzii Maní Peanut smut (Thecaphora frezzii) is one of the most important peanut diseases in Argentinian peanut production. This monocyclic soil-borne pathogen transforms kernels into spore masses. Spore liberation from broken infected pods during the harvest process is supposed to be the main mechanism of inoculum spread, with the subsequent spread among fields increasing the soil inoculum for future peanut cropping seasons. However, we are unaware of any published study on the role of wind (in terms of speed and direction) in how far smut spores spread. Therefore, we conducted an observational study where passive spore traps were distributed at harvest around six fields placed at 100, 200, 300, and 400 m away from each field’s centroid in four cardinal directions. Three time slices were sampled: from the beginning of harvest to 90-, 180-, and 270-minutes continuously during harvest. Wind speed and direction were recorded at each trap. A generalized additive model was fitted to describe the spore spread. Modeling the dispersal shows that the spread is influenced by wind speed and the smut severely damaged pods incidence present at the harvested field. Additionally, spore size and proportion of different smut spore types were assessed (from a single unit spore to a 5-multinuclear propagule). No statistical differences were observed in the proportion of the spore types trapped. However, fewer spores were trapped at distances farther from the harvested area. This work led us to understand a fundamental component of the peanut smut cycle and epidemiology, which is to design management strategies. For example, avoiding harvest on windy days (typically >10 km h-1) to prevent the distant spread of inoculum for subsequent seasons or predicting the risk surrounding an infected field. Instituto de Patología Vegetal Fil: Paredes, Juan Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Paredes, Juan Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina Fil: Sparks, Adam H. Curtin University. Centre for Crop and Disease Management; Australia Fil: Sparks, Adam H. Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development; Australia Fil: Sparks, Adam H. University of Southern Queensland. Centre for Crop Health; Australia Fil: Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina Fil: Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Rago, Alejandro Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP); Argentina Fil: Rago, Alejandro Mario. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; Argentina Fil: Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina 2024-03-20T10:11:49Z 2024-03-20T10:11:49Z 2024-03-18 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/17118 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40858-024-00645-5 1983-2052 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00645-5 eng info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2019-PD-E4-I090-001, Análisis de patosistemas en cultivos agrícolas y especies forestales. Caracterización de sus componentes info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Springer Tropical Plant Pathology : 1-13 (Published: 18 March 2024)
spellingShingle Epidemiology
Groundnuts
Epidemiología
Cordoba (Argentina)
Cacahuete
Arachis hypogaea
Inoculum Source
Peanut Disease
Spore Dispersal
Spore Trap
Peanuts
Thecaphora Frezzii
Maní
Paredes, Juan Andrés
Sparks, Adam H.
Monguillot, Joaquín Humberto
Rago, Alejandro Mario
Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo
Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
title Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
title_full Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
title_fullStr Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
title_full_unstemmed Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
title_short Aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
title_sort aerial spread of smut spores during peanut harvest
topic Epidemiology
Groundnuts
Epidemiología
Cordoba (Argentina)
Cacahuete
Arachis hypogaea
Inoculum Source
Peanut Disease
Spore Dispersal
Spore Trap
Peanuts
Thecaphora Frezzii
Maní
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/17118
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40858-024-00645-5
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00645-5
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