Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret”
The use of induced mutations techniques in crop plants at Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" (IGEAF) INTA, started in 1949, with the pioneer work of Ewald Favret, who studied the effects of physical and chemical mutagens on barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). IGEAF contribut...
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| Format: | Artículo |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Universidad San Francisco de Quito
2024
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/16602 https://revistas.usfq.edu.ec/index.php/avances/article/view/1928 https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v12i3.1928 |
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| author | Landau, Alejandra Mabel Brizuela, Vanina Elizabeth Lencina, Franco Daniel Martinez, Alicia Ester Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo Diaz, Daniel Gustavo Pacheco, Maria Gabriela Prina, Alberto Raul |
| author_browse | Brizuela, Vanina Elizabeth Diaz, Daniel Gustavo Landau, Alejandra Mabel Lencina, Franco Daniel Martinez, Alicia Ester Pacheco, Maria Gabriela Prina, Alberto Raul Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo |
| author_facet | Landau, Alejandra Mabel Brizuela, Vanina Elizabeth Lencina, Franco Daniel Martinez, Alicia Ester Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo Diaz, Daniel Gustavo Pacheco, Maria Gabriela Prina, Alberto Raul |
| author_sort | Landau, Alejandra Mabel |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | The use of induced mutations techniques in crop plants at Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" (IGEAF) INTA, started in 1949, with the pioneer work of Ewald Favret, who studied the effects of physical and chemical mutagens on barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). IGEAF contributed with several novel results about the effects of important chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and sodium azide, and their interactions with X-rays, on barley and wheat. During several decades, a good deal of the research was directed to study the relationship between the different effects of mutagenic treatments on the M1 and subsequent generations, and its implications for efficient selection of induced mutants. Many original barley and wheat mutants have been isolated at IGEAF, which early on contributed to elucidate the genetic basis of characters like the hormonal control of growth, the grain protein content and diseases reactions. Besides, several other novel mutants were isolated and characterized including genetically unstable mutants, which are able to originate new heritable variability. One of these mutants is the barley chloroplast mutator (cpm) from which some interesting mutants have been isolated. Moreover, a high throughput strategy for the screening of plastome mutants originated by the cpm was developed (cpTILLING) that allowed the detection of 61 different mutational events, showing the cpm as an extraordinary source of plastome mutants. On the other hand, protocols for direct selection of wheat mutants tolerant to drought were developed and promising advanced lines are at present investigated. Furthermore, a mutant allele of the AHAS (acetolactate synthase) gene in wheat conferring imidazolinones herbicides tolerance, was isolated. The incorporation of this allele to other genetic backgrounds showed increased levels of tolerance, which in one family were observed in association with increased Fusarium tolerance. In addition to the work done in barley and wheat, interactions with several breeding programs in other crops were carried out. Finally, some commercial achievements of INTA obtained by using induced mutations techniques are briefly described; being the most important the case of the INTA rice (Oryza sativa) breeding program for developing imidazolinones tolerant commercial varieties that in recent years covered 70% of the irrigated rice area in Latin America. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA16602 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Universidad San Francisco de Quito |
| publisherStr | Universidad San Francisco de Quito |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA166022024-02-14T16:52:24Z Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” Landau, Alejandra Mabel Brizuela, Vanina Elizabeth Lencina, Franco Daniel Martinez, Alicia Ester Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo Diaz, Daniel Gustavo Pacheco, Maria Gabriela Prina, Alberto Raul Barley Cotton Mutants Induced Mutation Rice Wheat Cebada Algodón Mutantes Mutación Inducida Arroz Trigo Hordeum vulgare Triticum aestivum Oryza sativa Gossypium Herbicide Tolerance Tolerancia a Herbicidas The use of induced mutations techniques in crop plants at Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret" (IGEAF) INTA, started in 1949, with the pioneer work of Ewald Favret, who studied the effects of physical and chemical mutagens on barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). IGEAF contributed with several novel results about the effects of important chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and sodium azide, and their interactions with X-rays, on barley and wheat. During several decades, a good deal of the research was directed to study the relationship between the different effects of mutagenic treatments on the M1 and subsequent generations, and its implications for efficient selection of induced mutants. Many original barley and wheat mutants have been isolated at IGEAF, which early on contributed to elucidate the genetic basis of characters like the hormonal control of growth, the grain protein content and diseases reactions. Besides, several other novel mutants were isolated and characterized including genetically unstable mutants, which are able to originate new heritable variability. One of these mutants is the barley chloroplast mutator (cpm) from which some interesting mutants have been isolated. Moreover, a high throughput strategy for the screening of plastome mutants originated by the cpm was developed (cpTILLING) that allowed the detection of 61 different mutational events, showing the cpm as an extraordinary source of plastome mutants. On the other hand, protocols for direct selection of wheat mutants tolerant to drought were developed and promising advanced lines are at present investigated. Furthermore, a mutant allele of the AHAS (acetolactate synthase) gene in wheat conferring imidazolinones herbicides tolerance, was isolated. The incorporation of this allele to other genetic backgrounds showed increased levels of tolerance, which in one family were observed in association with increased Fusarium tolerance. In addition to the work done in barley and wheat, interactions with several breeding programs in other crops were carried out. Finally, some commercial achievements of INTA obtained by using induced mutations techniques are briefly described; being the most important the case of the INTA rice (Oryza sativa) breeding program for developing imidazolinones tolerant commercial varieties that in recent years covered 70% of the irrigated rice area in Latin America. El uso de técnicas de mutaciones inducidas en plantas en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (IGEAF) INTA, se inició en 1949, con el trabajo pionero de Ewald Favret, quien estudió los efectos de mutágenos físicos y químicos en cebada (Hordeum vulgare) y trigo (Triticum aestivum). El IGEAF contribuyó con varios resultados novedosos sobre los efectos de importantes mutágenos químicos como el metanosulfonato de etilo (EMS) y la azida sódica, y sus interacciones con los rayos X, en la cebada y el trigo. Durante varias décadas, gran parte de la investigación se dirigió a estudiar la relación entre los diferentes efectos de los tratamientos mutagénicos en la M1 y las generaciones posteriores, y sus implicaciones para la selección eficiente de mutantes inducidos. En el IGEAF se han aislado muchos mutantes originales de cebada y trigo, que desde el principio contribuyeron a interpretar la base genética de caracteres, como el control hormonal del crecimiento, el contenido de proteína del grano y las reacciones a enfermedades. Además, se aislaron y caracterizaron varios otros mutantes nuevos, incluidos mutantes genéticamente inestables, que son capaces de originar una nueva variabilidad heredable. Uno de estos mutantes es el mutador de cloroplastos de la cebada (cpm) del que se han aislado algunos mutantes interesantes. Además, se desarrolló una estrategia de alto rendimiento para la búsqueda de mutantes de cloroplasto originados por cpm (cpTILLING) que permitió la detección de 61 eventos mutacionales diferentes, mostrando a cpm como una fuente extraordinaria de mutantes de cloroplasto. Además, se aisló un alelo mutante del gen ahas (acetolactato sintasa) en trigo que confiere tolerancia a herbicidas imidazolinonas. La incorporación de este alelo a otros acervos genéticos, mostró mayores niveles de tolerancia, que en una familia se observaron en asociación con una mayor tolerancia a Fusarium. Además del trabajo realizado en cebada y trigo, se realizaron interacciones con varios programas de mejoramiento en otros cultivos. Finalmente, se describen brevemente algunos logros comerciales de INTA obtenidos mediante el uso de técnicas de mutaciones inducidas; siendo el caso más importante el del programa de mejoramiento del arroz INTA (Oryza sativa) para el desarrollo de variedades comerciales tolerantes a imidazolinonas, que en los últimos años cubrió el 70% de la superficie arrocera irrigada en América Latina. Instituto de Genética Fil: Landau, Alejandra Mabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina Fil: Brizuela, Vanina Elizabeth. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina Fil: Lencina, Franco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina Fil: Martinez, Alicia Ester. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina Fil: Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; Argentina Fil: Diaz, Daniel Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina Fil: Pacheco, Maria Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina Fil: Prina, Alberto Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; Argentina 2024-02-14T15:40:26Z 2024-02-14T15:40:26Z 2021-05 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/16602 https://revistas.usfq.edu.ec/index.php/avances/article/view/1928 2528-7788 https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v12i3.1928 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Universidad San Francisco de Quito Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías 12 (3) : 12-25 (2020) |
| spellingShingle | Barley Cotton Mutants Induced Mutation Rice Wheat Cebada Algodón Mutantes Mutación Inducida Arroz Trigo Hordeum vulgare Triticum aestivum Oryza sativa Gossypium Herbicide Tolerance Tolerancia a Herbicidas Landau, Alejandra Mabel Brizuela, Vanina Elizabeth Lencina, Franco Daniel Martinez, Alicia Ester Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo Diaz, Daniel Gustavo Pacheco, Maria Gabriela Prina, Alberto Raul Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” |
| title | Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” |
| title_full | Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” |
| title_fullStr | Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” |
| title_full_unstemmed | Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” |
| title_short | Induced mutations in crop plants : mutants of scientific and/or agronomic interest at the Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” = Mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas : mutantes de interés interés científico y/o agronómico en el Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” |
| title_sort | induced mutations in crop plants mutants of scientific and or agronomic interest at the institute of genetics ewald a favret mutaciones inducidas en plantas cultivadas mutantes de interes interes cientifico y o agronomico en el instituto de genetica ewald a favret |
| topic | Barley Cotton Mutants Induced Mutation Rice Wheat Cebada Algodón Mutantes Mutación Inducida Arroz Trigo Hordeum vulgare Triticum aestivum Oryza sativa Gossypium Herbicide Tolerance Tolerancia a Herbicidas |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/16602 https://revistas.usfq.edu.ec/index.php/avances/article/view/1928 https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v12i3.1928 |
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