Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?

In Spain and other Mediterranean countries, significant quantities of semi-solid olive mill waste are generated, which should be preferentially applied to agricultural soils to close nutrient cycles. However, two-phase olive mill waste (termed alperujo in Spanish) is known to pose risks to soil qual...

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Main Authors: García-Randez, Ana, Marks, Evan A.N., Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores, Orden, Luciano, Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier, Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación, Cháfer, María Teresa, Moral, Raúl
Format: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/15615
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2585
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102585
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author García-Randez, Ana
Marks, Evan A.N.
Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores
Orden, Luciano
Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier
Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación
Cháfer, María Teresa
Moral, Raúl
author_browse Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier
Cháfer, María Teresa
García-Randez, Ana
Marks, Evan A.N.
Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación
Moral, Raúl
Orden, Luciano
Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores
author_facet García-Randez, Ana
Marks, Evan A.N.
Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores
Orden, Luciano
Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier
Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación
Cháfer, María Teresa
Moral, Raúl
author_sort García-Randez, Ana
collection INTA Digital
description In Spain and other Mediterranean countries, significant quantities of semi-solid olive mill waste are generated, which should be preferentially applied to agricultural soils to close nutrient cycles. However, two-phase olive mill waste (termed alperujo in Spanish) is known to pose risks to soil quality and plant production when applied to soil in large quantities. Alperujo has high contents of polyphenol substances, which can inhibit microbial growth and are also phytotoxic in nature. However, when applied in appropriate quantities and following specific methods, it is possible that the practice may not pose any risks, and this requires evaluation. As a waste management option, direct application of alperujo can supply plant nutrients and organic matter to degradation-prone Mediterranean soils. In order to validate this circular economy fertilization and soil protection strategy, an 18-month field experiment was undertaken, applying moderate quantities of alperujo on permanent crop groves throughout the Spanish region of Valencia. Eleven experimental parcels with permanent crops managed by farmers were identified to test two scenarios: a single application of 10 t/ha, and a second application of 10 t/ha after 10 months. Soil chemical parameters were assessed at 0, 6, 10, and 18 months. Soil organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, pH, electrical conductivity, nitrates, and polyphenol contents were modified by alperujo application, but these effects were highly transient in nature, with generally no lasting effects after 4–6 months for either application scenario. Also, qualitative evaluations carried out by farmers revealed few effects, although some reductions in erosive processes and improvements in plant vigor were noted. As such, based on the measured parameters, it is concluded that the direct soil application of alperujo olive mill wastes at low application rates did not lead to any lasting detrimental effects on soil quality or compromise the productivity of permanent crops in this Mediterranean region.
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institution Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina)
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publishDate 2023
publishDateRange 2023
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publisherStr MDPI
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spelling INTA156152023-10-20T12:52:32Z Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection? García-Randez, Ana Marks, Evan A.N. Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores Orden, Luciano Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación Cháfer, María Teresa Moral, Raúl Suelo Olea europaea Calidad del Suelo Polifenoles Residuos Orgánicos Soil Soil Quality Polyphenols Organic Residues Olivo Alperujo In Spain and other Mediterranean countries, significant quantities of semi-solid olive mill waste are generated, which should be preferentially applied to agricultural soils to close nutrient cycles. However, two-phase olive mill waste (termed alperujo in Spanish) is known to pose risks to soil quality and plant production when applied to soil in large quantities. Alperujo has high contents of polyphenol substances, which can inhibit microbial growth and are also phytotoxic in nature. However, when applied in appropriate quantities and following specific methods, it is possible that the practice may not pose any risks, and this requires evaluation. As a waste management option, direct application of alperujo can supply plant nutrients and organic matter to degradation-prone Mediterranean soils. In order to validate this circular economy fertilization and soil protection strategy, an 18-month field experiment was undertaken, applying moderate quantities of alperujo on permanent crop groves throughout the Spanish region of Valencia. Eleven experimental parcels with permanent crops managed by farmers were identified to test two scenarios: a single application of 10 t/ha, and a second application of 10 t/ha after 10 months. Soil chemical parameters were assessed at 0, 6, 10, and 18 months. Soil organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, pH, electrical conductivity, nitrates, and polyphenol contents were modified by alperujo application, but these effects were highly transient in nature, with generally no lasting effects after 4–6 months for either application scenario. Also, qualitative evaluations carried out by farmers revealed few effects, although some reductions in erosive processes and improvements in plant vigor were noted. As such, based on the measured parameters, it is concluded that the direct soil application of alperujo olive mill wastes at low application rates did not lead to any lasting detrimental effects on soil quality or compromise the productivity of permanent crops in this Mediterranean region. EEA Hilario Ascasubi Fil: García-Randez, Ana. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental; España Fil: Marks, Evan A.N. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Department of Agrochemistry and Environment. Soil Science and Environmental Technologies Group; España Fil: Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental; España Fil: Orden, Luciano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; Argentina Fil: Orden, Luciano. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental; España Fil: Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental; España Fil: Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental; España Fil: Cháfer, María Teresa. Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos. Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo; España Fil: Moral, Raúl. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental; España 2023-10-20T12:47:15Z 2023-10-20T12:47:15Z 2023-10 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/15615 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2585 2073-4395 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102585 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf MDPI Agronomy 13 (10) : 2585. (October 2023)
spellingShingle Suelo
Olea europaea
Calidad del Suelo
Polifenoles
Residuos Orgánicos
Soil
Soil Quality
Polyphenols
Organic Residues
Olivo
Alperujo
García-Randez, Ana
Marks, Evan A.N.
Pérez-Murcia, María Dolores
Orden, Luciano
Andreu-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier
Martínez-Sabater, Encarnación
Cháfer, María Teresa
Moral, Raúl
Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?
title Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?
title_full Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?
title_fullStr Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?
title_full_unstemmed Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?
title_short Is the Direct Soil Application of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Alperujo) Compatible with Soil Quality Protection?
title_sort is the direct soil application of two phase olive mill waste alperujo compatible with soil quality protection
topic Suelo
Olea europaea
Calidad del Suelo
Polifenoles
Residuos Orgánicos
Soil
Soil Quality
Polyphenols
Organic Residues
Olivo
Alperujo
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/15615
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2585
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102585
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