Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids

Genetic gains in grain yield and related phenotypic attributes have been extensively documented in maize (Zea mays L.), but the effect of breeding on the physiological determinants of grain yield is yet poorly understood. We determined genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological traits fo...

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Autores principales: Luque, Sergio F., Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel, Otegui, María Elena
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/14136
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429005000912
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.04.007
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author Luque, Sergio F.
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Otegui, María Elena
author_browse Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Luque, Sergio F.
Otegui, María Elena
author_facet Luque, Sergio F.
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Otegui, María Elena
author_sort Luque, Sergio F.
collection INTA Digital
description Genetic gains in grain yield and related phenotypic attributes have been extensively documented in maize (Zea mays L.), but the effect of breeding on the physiological determinants of grain yield is yet poorly understood. We determined genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological traits for seven maize hybrids developed for the central region of Argentina between 1965 and 1997. Gains were expressed as a function of the year of release (YOR). Hybrids were cropped in the field at five stand densities (from almost isolated plants to supra-optimal levels) during two contrasting growing seasons (E1 and E2). Water and nutrient stress were prevented and pests controlled. Genetic gains in grain yield (≥13.2 g m−2 YOR−1) were mainly associated with improved kernel number, enhanced postsilking biomass production, and enhanced biomass allocation to reproductive sinks, but computed gains were affected by the environment. Differences among hybrids arose at the start of the critical period, and were evident as improved mean radiation use efficiency (≥0.026 g MJ−1 YOR−1), enhanced plant growth rate at near optimum stand density (≥0.04 g pl−1 YOR−1), and improved biomass partitioning to the ear around silking (0.0034 YOR−1, only for E1). Improved biomass production after silking was related to an increased light interception (≥4.7 MJ m−2 YOR−1), and allowed for an almost constant source–sink ratio during grain filling. This trend determined no trade-off between kernel number and kernel weight. In contrast to previous studies, genetic gains were detected for potential productivity (e.g., maximum grain yield) on a per plant basis (i.e., under no resource competition), a promising aspect for the improvement of crop grain yield potential.
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spelling INTA141362023-03-03T13:47:40Z Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids Luque, Sergio F. Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel Otegui, María Elena Maíz Fisiología Vegetal Fitomejoramient Granos Maize Plant Physiology Plant Breeding Grain Grain Yield Genetic Gain Genetic gains in grain yield and related phenotypic attributes have been extensively documented in maize (Zea mays L.), but the effect of breeding on the physiological determinants of grain yield is yet poorly understood. We determined genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological traits for seven maize hybrids developed for the central region of Argentina between 1965 and 1997. Gains were expressed as a function of the year of release (YOR). Hybrids were cropped in the field at five stand densities (from almost isolated plants to supra-optimal levels) during two contrasting growing seasons (E1 and E2). Water and nutrient stress were prevented and pests controlled. Genetic gains in grain yield (≥13.2 g m−2 YOR−1) were mainly associated with improved kernel number, enhanced postsilking biomass production, and enhanced biomass allocation to reproductive sinks, but computed gains were affected by the environment. Differences among hybrids arose at the start of the critical period, and were evident as improved mean radiation use efficiency (≥0.026 g MJ−1 YOR−1), enhanced plant growth rate at near optimum stand density (≥0.04 g pl−1 YOR−1), and improved biomass partitioning to the ear around silking (0.0034 YOR−1, only for E1). Improved biomass production after silking was related to an increased light interception (≥4.7 MJ m−2 YOR−1), and allowed for an almost constant source–sink ratio during grain filling. This trend determined no trade-off between kernel number and kernel weight. In contrast to previous studies, genetic gains were detected for potential productivity (e.g., maximum grain yield) on a per plant basis (i.e., under no resource competition), a promising aspect for the improvement of crop grain yield potential. EEA Pergamino Fil: Luque, Sergio F. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Cátedra de Cereales y Oleaginosas; Argentina Fil: Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Ecofisiología; Argentina Fil: Otegui, María E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina 2023-03-03T13:39:50Z 2023-03-03T13:39:50Z 2006-02 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/14136 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429005000912 0378-4290 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.04.007 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf Elsevier Field Crops Research 95 (2–3) : 383-397. (February 2006)
spellingShingle Maíz
Fisiología Vegetal
Fitomejoramient
Granos
Maize
Plant Physiology
Plant Breeding
Grain
Grain Yield
Genetic Gain
Luque, Sergio F.
Cirilo, Alfredo Gabriel
Otegui, María Elena
Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids
title Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids
title_full Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids
title_fullStr Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids
title_full_unstemmed Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids
title_short Genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in Argentine maize hybrids
title_sort genetic gains in grain yield and related physiological attributes in argentine maize hybrids
topic Maíz
Fisiología Vegetal
Fitomejoramient
Granos
Maize
Plant Physiology
Plant Breeding
Grain
Grain Yield
Genetic Gain
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/14136
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429005000912
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.04.007
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