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Nitrogen but not phosphorus addition affects symbiotic N2 fixation by legumes in natural and semi‑natural grasslands located on four continents

The amount of nitrogen (N) derived from symbiotic N2 fixation by legumes in grasslands might be affected by anthropogenic N and phosphorus (P) inputs, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Methods We evaluated symbiotic N2 fixation in 17 natural and semi-natural grasslands on four continent...

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Autores principales: Vázquez, Eduardo, Schleuss, Per‑Marten, Borer, Elizabeth T., Bugalho, Miguel N., Caldeira, Maria C., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Fay, Philip A., Haider, Sylvia, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin P., McCulley, Rebecca L., Peri, Pablo Luis, Price, Jodi, Richards, Anna E., Risch, Anita C., Roscher, Christiane, Schütz, Martin, Seabloom, Eric William, Standish, Rachel J., Stevens, Carly J., Tedder, Michelle J., Virtanen, Risto, Spohn, Marie
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Springer Nature 2022
Materias:
Grasslands
Legumes
Nitrogen
Fertilizer Application
Phosphorus
Isotope Analysis
Symbiosis
Pastizales
Leguminosas
Nitrógeno
Aplicación de Abonos
Fósforo
Simbiosis
Nutrient Network (NutNet)
Fixation
Red de Nutrientes
Fijación
Fertilización
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/13426
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-022-05498-y
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05498-y
Sumario:The amount of nitrogen (N) derived from symbiotic N2 fixation by legumes in grasslands might be affected by anthropogenic N and phosphorus (P) inputs, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Methods We evaluated symbiotic N2 fixation in 17 natural and semi-natural grasslands on four continents that are subjected to the same full-factorial N and P addition experiment, using the 15N natural abundance method. Results N as well as combined N and P (NP) addition reduced aboveground legume biomass by 65% and 45%, respectively, compared to the control, whereas P addition had no significant impact. Addition of N and/or P had no significant effect on the symbiotic N2 fixation per unit legume biomass. In consequence, the amount of N fixed annually per grassland area was less than half in the N addition treatments compared to control and P addition, irrespective of whether the dominant legumes were annuals or perennials. Conclusion Our results reveal that N addition mainly impacts symbiotic N2 fixation via reduced biomass of legumes rather than changes in N2 fixation per unit legume biomass. The results show that soil N enrichment by anthropogenic activities significantly reduces N 2 fixation in grasslands, and these effects cannot be reversed by additional P amendment.

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