Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia
The climate of Patagonia is semi-arid and characterised by frequent strong winds. Wind erosion is potentially a serious soil degradation process that impacts long-term sustainability of local agricultural systems, but the conditions and the rates of wind erosion in this region have not been studied...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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Elsevier
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/12169 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816212000306 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2012.02.005 |
| _version_ | 1855484923200143360 |
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| author | Sterk, Geert Parigiani, Jacopo Cittadini, Eduardo Daniel Peters, Piet Scholberg, Johannes Peri, Pablo Luis |
| author_browse | Cittadini, Eduardo Daniel Parigiani, Jacopo Peri, Pablo Luis Peters, Piet Scholberg, Johannes Sterk, Geert |
| author_facet | Sterk, Geert Parigiani, Jacopo Cittadini, Eduardo Daniel Peters, Piet Scholberg, Johannes Peri, Pablo Luis |
| author_sort | Sterk, Geert |
| collection | INTA Digital |
| description | The climate of Patagonia is semi-arid and characterised by frequent strong winds. Wind erosion is potentially a serious soil degradation process that impacts long-term sustainability of local agricultural systems, but the conditions and the rates of wind erosion in this region have not been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to quantify windblown mass transport on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia. Aeolian mass fluxes were measured in the valley of Sarmiento (Chubut province, Argentina) using two saltiphones and 24 Modified Wilson and Cooke (MWAC) sediment catchers. The latter were installed along three transects:
(1) a control on a bare strip of land cleared of its natural vegetation, to measure the maximum wind erosion; (2) a similar transect protected by an artificial windbreak with an optical porosity of 50%; and (3) a transect in a cherry orchard protected with the same type of windbreak. Nine windstorms were recorded throughout the experimental period. Storms with wind speed peaks of 20 m s−1 caused a total soil loss of 248 Mg ha− 1 in the control strip and heavily depleted the soil of its erodible fraction. The artificial windbreak reduced the soil loss by 51.0% on average, while no erosion was recorded in the cherry orchard. Measured maximum mass transport values were used to fit five sediment transport equations in order to select the best equation to integrate into a GIS-based wind erosion prediction system. The Kawamura (1964) equation showed the highest model efficiency and was considered to be the best sediment transport equation for the Patagonia conditions. It expresses total mass transport as a function of two empirical constants: the threshold friction velocity (u*t), and an erodibility coefficient CKa. It is concluded that wind erosion in Central Patagonia poses a serious risk of soil degradation once the natural vegetation is removed due to overgrazing or other anthropogenic activities. |
| format | Artículo |
| id | INTA12169 |
| institution | Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA -Argentina) |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| publisherStr | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INTA121692022-06-28T10:54:04Z Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia Sterk, Geert Parigiani, Jacopo Cittadini, Eduardo Daniel Peters, Piet Scholberg, Johannes Peri, Pablo Luis Soil Wind Erosion Windbreaks Semiarid Zones Degradation Suelo Erosión de Suelo Cortavientos Zonas Semiáridas Degradación Chubut (Argentina) Eolian Dust Sediment Transport Equation Polvo Eólico Ecuación de Transporte de Sedimentos Región Patagónica The climate of Patagonia is semi-arid and characterised by frequent strong winds. Wind erosion is potentially a serious soil degradation process that impacts long-term sustainability of local agricultural systems, but the conditions and the rates of wind erosion in this region have not been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to quantify windblown mass transport on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia. Aeolian mass fluxes were measured in the valley of Sarmiento (Chubut province, Argentina) using two saltiphones and 24 Modified Wilson and Cooke (MWAC) sediment catchers. The latter were installed along three transects: (1) a control on a bare strip of land cleared of its natural vegetation, to measure the maximum wind erosion; (2) a similar transect protected by an artificial windbreak with an optical porosity of 50%; and (3) a transect in a cherry orchard protected with the same type of windbreak. Nine windstorms were recorded throughout the experimental period. Storms with wind speed peaks of 20 m s−1 caused a total soil loss of 248 Mg ha− 1 in the control strip and heavily depleted the soil of its erodible fraction. The artificial windbreak reduced the soil loss by 51.0% on average, while no erosion was recorded in the cherry orchard. Measured maximum mass transport values were used to fit five sediment transport equations in order to select the best equation to integrate into a GIS-based wind erosion prediction system. The Kawamura (1964) equation showed the highest model efficiency and was considered to be the best sediment transport equation for the Patagonia conditions. It expresses total mass transport as a function of two empirical constants: the threshold friction velocity (u*t), and an erodibility coefficient CKa. It is concluded that wind erosion in Central Patagonia poses a serious risk of soil degradation once the natural vegetation is removed due to overgrazing or other anthropogenic activities. EEA Santa Cruz Fil: Sterk, Geert. Utrecht University. Department of Physical Geography; Países Bajos Fil: Parigiani, Jacopo. Green Resources; Tanzania. Fil: Cittadini, Eduardo Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina. Fil: Peters, Piet. Wageningen University. Land Degradation & Development group; Países Bajos Fil: Scholberg, Johannes. Wageningen University. Biological Farming Systems; Países Bajos Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santa Cruz; Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. 2022-06-28T10:47:16Z 2022-06-28T10:47:16Z 2012-08 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/12169 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816212000306 Sterk G.; Parigiani J.; Cittadini E.; Peters P.; Scholberg J.; Peri P.L. (2012) Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia. Catena 95: 112-123. 0341-8162 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2012.02.005 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Elsevier Catena 95: 112-123. (August 2012) |
| spellingShingle | Soil Wind Erosion Windbreaks Semiarid Zones Degradation Suelo Erosión de Suelo Cortavientos Zonas Semiáridas Degradación Chubut (Argentina) Eolian Dust Sediment Transport Equation Polvo Eólico Ecuación de Transporte de Sedimentos Región Patagónica Sterk, Geert Parigiani, Jacopo Cittadini, Eduardo Daniel Peters, Piet Scholberg, Johannes Peri, Pablo Luis Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia |
| title | Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia |
| title_full | Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia |
| title_fullStr | Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia |
| title_short | Aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in Central Patagonia |
| title_sort | aeolian sediment mass fluxes on a sandy soil in central patagonia |
| topic | Soil Wind Erosion Windbreaks Semiarid Zones Degradation Suelo Erosión de Suelo Cortavientos Zonas Semiáridas Degradación Chubut (Argentina) Eolian Dust Sediment Transport Equation Polvo Eólico Ecuación de Transporte de Sedimentos Región Patagónica |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/12169 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816212000306 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2012.02.005 |
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