Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru

Livestock systems in marginal ecosystems such as seasonally dry forests (SDFs) face increasing sustainability challenges, yet the role of morphology in mediating animal adaptation to local environmental and management conditions remains underexplored. In the Piura region of northern Peru—home to the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Haro Reyes, José Antonio, Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander, Cruz Flores, Danny Julio, Gonzales Guevara, Pablo Ross, Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio, Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
Formato: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2026
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2986
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339584
_version_ 1855028867121545216
author Haro Reyes, José Antonio
Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander
Cruz Flores, Danny Julio
Gonzales Guevara, Pablo Ross
Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio
Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
author_browse Cruz Flores, Danny Julio
Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
Gonzales Guevara, Pablo Ross
Haro Reyes, José Antonio
Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio
Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander
author_facet Haro Reyes, José Antonio
Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander
Cruz Flores, Danny Julio
Gonzales Guevara, Pablo Ross
Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio
Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
author_sort Haro Reyes, José Antonio
collection Repositorio INIA
description Livestock systems in marginal ecosystems such as seasonally dry forests (SDFs) face increasing sustainability challenges, yet the role of morphology in mediating animal adaptation to local environmental and management conditions remains underexplored. In the Piura region of northern Peru—home to the country's most extensive SDF and its leading hub of goat production—Creole goats represent a diverse and under-characterized resource shaped by natural and human selection. Despite Creole goats' relevance, little is known about the spatial structure of their phenotypic variation or how it may signal emerging regional morphotypes. Addressing this gap, we conducted a comprehensive morphometric analysis of 617 female Creole goats across three distinct districts within Piura's SDF. Using linear body measurements (LBMs), morphometric indices, and multivariate analyses, we revealed significant district-level phenotypic differentiation. Goats from Catacaos exhibited consistently larger body dimensions and higher compactness indices, forming a distinct cluster in hierarchical analyses and suggesting the emergence of a localized morphotype. Notably, this phenotypic pattern was largely driven by animals from four specific farmers, pointing to the potential influence of herd-level management practices or breeding history. Despite this within-district heterogeneity, the Catacaos subgroup remained clearly differentiated from goats in Lancones. Principal component analysis of LBMs identified a dominant size axis explaining over 70% of variance, with Catacaos goats diverging along this dimension. In contrast, morphometric indices showed weaker discriminatory power. These findings suggest that LBMs outperform derived indices in capturing fine-scale phenotypic structure and may reflect both ecological adaptation and management-driven selection. Our results underscore the potential of morphometric profiling for identifying regionally adapted livestock types and lay the groundwork for future geographic indication schemes that valorize local biodiversity and support rural livelihoods.
format info:eu-repo/semantics/article
id INIA2986
institution Institucional Nacional de Innovación Agraria
language Inglés
publishDate 2026
publishDateRange 2026
publishDateSort 2026
publisher Public Library of Science
publisherStr Public Library of Science
record_format dspace
spelling INIA29862026-01-09T20:28:34Z Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru Haro Reyes, José Antonio Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander Cruz Flores, Danny Julio Gonzales Guevara, Pablo Ross Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro Creole goats Morphological diversity Seasonally dry forest Morphometric analysis Linear body measurements Morphometric índices District-level variation Geographic indication Cabras criollas Diversidad morfológica Bosque estacionalmente seco Análisis morfométrico Cuerpo lineal mediciones Índices morfométricos Variación distrital Indicación geográfica https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.02.01 Cabra; Nannygoats; Raza; Breeds; Medición del cuerpo; Body measurements; Bosque seco; Dry forests; Zona árida; Arid zones; Variación genética; Genetic variation; Adaptación; Adaptation Livestock systems in marginal ecosystems such as seasonally dry forests (SDFs) face increasing sustainability challenges, yet the role of morphology in mediating animal adaptation to local environmental and management conditions remains underexplored. In the Piura region of northern Peru—home to the country's most extensive SDF and its leading hub of goat production—Creole goats represent a diverse and under-characterized resource shaped by natural and human selection. Despite Creole goats' relevance, little is known about the spatial structure of their phenotypic variation or how it may signal emerging regional morphotypes. Addressing this gap, we conducted a comprehensive morphometric analysis of 617 female Creole goats across three distinct districts within Piura's SDF. Using linear body measurements (LBMs), morphometric indices, and multivariate analyses, we revealed significant district-level phenotypic differentiation. Goats from Catacaos exhibited consistently larger body dimensions and higher compactness indices, forming a distinct cluster in hierarchical analyses and suggesting the emergence of a localized morphotype. Notably, this phenotypic pattern was largely driven by animals from four specific farmers, pointing to the potential influence of herd-level management practices or breeding history. Despite this within-district heterogeneity, the Catacaos subgroup remained clearly differentiated from goats in Lancones. Principal component analysis of LBMs identified a dominant size axis explaining over 70% of variance, with Catacaos goats diverging along this dimension. In contrast, morphometric indices showed weaker discriminatory power. These findings suggest that LBMs outperform derived indices in capturing fine-scale phenotypic structure and may reflect both ecological adaptation and management-driven selection. Our results underscore the potential of morphometric profiling for identifying regionally adapted livestock types and lay the groundwork for future geographic indication schemes that valorize local biodiversity and support rural livelihoods. The study was conducted as part of the PROCAP project (CUI 2506684), with authorization from the Dirección de Servicios Estratégicos Agrarios (DSEA) of the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), the national authority on agricultural innovation in Peru. The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. CUI: 2506684 (Proyecto PROCAP) 2026-01-09T15:45:50Z 2026-01-09T15:45:50Z 2025-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Haro-Reyes, J. A., Sessarego, E. A., Cruz, D. J., Gonzales-Guevara, P. R., Ruiz-Chamorro, J. A., & Cruz-Luis, J. A. (2025). Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru. PLoS One, 20(12), e0339584. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339584 1932-6203 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2986 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339584 eng urn:issn:1932-6203 Public Library of Science info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf Public Library of Science US Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA
spellingShingle Creole goats
Morphological diversity
Seasonally dry forest
Morphometric analysis
Linear body
measurements
Morphometric índices
District-level variation
Geographic indication
Cabras criollas
Diversidad morfológica
Bosque estacionalmente seco
Análisis morfométrico
Cuerpo lineal
mediciones
Índices morfométricos
Variación distrital
Indicación geográfica
https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.02.01
Cabra; Nannygoats; Raza; Breeds; Medición del cuerpo; Body measurements; Bosque seco; Dry forests; Zona árida; Arid zones; Variación genética; Genetic variation; Adaptación; Adaptation
Haro Reyes, José Antonio
Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander
Cruz Flores, Danny Julio
Gonzales Guevara, Pablo Ross
Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio
Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru
title Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru
title_full Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru
title_fullStr Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru
title_full_unstemmed Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru
title_short Creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district-level variation in the seasonally dry forest of Piura in Peru
title_sort creole goat morphological diversity partially mirrors district level variation in the seasonally dry forest of piura in peru
topic Creole goats
Morphological diversity
Seasonally dry forest
Morphometric analysis
Linear body
measurements
Morphometric índices
District-level variation
Geographic indication
Cabras criollas
Diversidad morfológica
Bosque estacionalmente seco
Análisis morfométrico
Cuerpo lineal
mediciones
Índices morfométricos
Variación distrital
Indicación geográfica
https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.02.01
Cabra; Nannygoats; Raza; Breeds; Medición del cuerpo; Body measurements; Bosque seco; Dry forests; Zona árida; Arid zones; Variación genética; Genetic variation; Adaptación; Adaptation
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2986
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339584
work_keys_str_mv AT haroreyesjoseantonio creolegoatmorphologicaldiversitypartiallymirrorsdistrictlevelvariationintheseasonallydryforestofpiurainperu
AT sessaregodavilaemmanuelalexander creolegoatmorphologicaldiversitypartiallymirrorsdistrictlevelvariationintheseasonallydryforestofpiurainperu
AT cruzfloresdannyjulio creolegoatmorphologicaldiversitypartiallymirrorsdistrictlevelvariationintheseasonallydryforestofpiurainperu
AT gonzalesguevarapabloross creolegoatmorphologicaldiversitypartiallymirrorsdistrictlevelvariationintheseasonallydryforestofpiurainperu
AT ruizchamorrojoseantonio creolegoatmorphologicaldiversitypartiallymirrorsdistrictlevelvariationintheseasonallydryforestofpiurainperu
AT cruzluisjuancarlosalejandro creolegoatmorphologicaldiversitypartiallymirrorsdistrictlevelvariationintheseasonallydryforestofpiurainperu