Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru
Purple corn (Zea mays L.) is a nutraceutical crop of increasing economic importance in Peru, yet its productivity is highly influenced by genotype × environment (G × E) interactions across heterogeneous agro-ecological zones. Therefore, selecting suitable genotypes for specific environments is essen...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI
2026
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2985 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb17010003 |
| _version_ | 1855028445149396992 |
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| author | Garcia Pando, Gilberto Arquimides Montero Bances, Fernando Torres Limascca, Maria Elena Alvarez Contreras, Selwyn Omar Vasquez Damiano, Wildo Villantoy Palomino, Abraham Ruiz, Yoel Escobal Valencia, Fernando Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Paitamala Campos, Omar Matsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio |
| author_browse | Alvarez Contreras, Selwyn Omar Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Escobal Valencia, Fernando Garcia Pando, Gilberto Arquimides Matsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio Montero Bances, Fernando Paitamala Campos, Omar Ruiz, Yoel Torres Limascca, Maria Elena Vasquez Damiano, Wildo Villantoy Palomino, Abraham |
| author_facet | Garcia Pando, Gilberto Arquimides Montero Bances, Fernando Torres Limascca, Maria Elena Alvarez Contreras, Selwyn Omar Vasquez Damiano, Wildo Villantoy Palomino, Abraham Ruiz, Yoel Escobal Valencia, Fernando Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Paitamala Campos, Omar Matsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio |
| author_sort | Garcia Pando, Gilberto Arquimides |
| collection | Repositorio INIA |
| description | Purple corn (Zea mays L.) is a nutraceutical crop of increasing economic importance in Peru, yet its productivity is highly influenced by genotype × environment (G × E) interactions across heterogeneous agro-ecological zones. Therefore, selecting suitable genotypes for specific environments is essential to optimize variety deployment and maximize site-specific yield. Five purple-maize genotypes (INIA-601, INIA-615, Canteño, PMV-581, and Sintético-MM) were evaluated in four contrasting Peruvian sites using a randomized complete-block design. Grain yield, field weight, anthesis–silking interval (ASI), plant height, and ear-rot incidence were analyzed with combined analysis of variance (ANOVA), the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), genotype and genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplots, Weighted Average of Absolute Scores (WAAS), weighted average of absolute scores and best yield index (WAASBY), and Y × WAAS indices. Environment accounted for 90.1% of field-weight variation (p < 0.0001) and 50.2% of grain-yield variation (p < 0.001), while significant G × E interactions (3.93% and 18.14%, respectively) justified bilinear modeling. AMMI1 and GGE "which-won-where" biplots identified INIA-615 and PMV-581 as broadly adapted, with INIA-615 achieving the highest WAASBY and positioning in quadrant IV of Y × WAAS (high yield, high stability). INIA-601 and Sintético-MM exhibited exceptional stability (low ASV) but moderate productivity; Canteño showed limited adaptability. Chumbibamba emerged as a key discriminating, high-productivity location. From an agronomic perspective, INIA-615 is recommended for high-productivity valleys such as Sulluscocha and Santa Rita, where its yield potential and stability are maximized. These findings underscore the potential of integrating multivariate stability metrics with physiological and disease-resistance traits to guide the selection of superior purple corn cultivars. Overall, INIA-615 represents a robust candidate for enhancing yield stability, supporting sustainable intensification, and expanding the nutraceutical value chain of purple corn in the Andean highlands. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | INIA2985 |
| institution | Institucional Nacional de Innovación Agraria |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INIA29852026-01-09T20:32:46Z Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru Garcia Pando, Gilberto Arquimides Montero Bances, Fernando Torres Limascca, Maria Elena Alvarez Contreras, Selwyn Omar Vasquez Damiano, Wildo Villantoy Palomino, Abraham Ruiz, Yoel Escobal Valencia, Fernando Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Paitamala Campos, Omar Matsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio Purple corn Genotype × environment interaction AMMI and GGE biplot Yield stability Multi-environmental trials Maíz morado Interacción genotipo × ambiente Biplot AMMI y GGE Estabilidad del rendimiento Ensayos multiambientales https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 Zea mays; Genotipo; Genotypes; Adaptabilidad; Adaptability; Zona agroecológica; Agroecological zones; Antocianina; Anthocyanins; Ensayo de variedades; Variety trials; Mejoramiento genético; Genetic improvement Purple corn (Zea mays L.) is a nutraceutical crop of increasing economic importance in Peru, yet its productivity is highly influenced by genotype × environment (G × E) interactions across heterogeneous agro-ecological zones. Therefore, selecting suitable genotypes for specific environments is essential to optimize variety deployment and maximize site-specific yield. Five purple-maize genotypes (INIA-601, INIA-615, Canteño, PMV-581, and Sintético-MM) were evaluated in four contrasting Peruvian sites using a randomized complete-block design. Grain yield, field weight, anthesis–silking interval (ASI), plant height, and ear-rot incidence were analyzed with combined analysis of variance (ANOVA), the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), genotype and genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplots, Weighted Average of Absolute Scores (WAAS), weighted average of absolute scores and best yield index (WAASBY), and Y × WAAS indices. Environment accounted for 90.1% of field-weight variation (p < 0.0001) and 50.2% of grain-yield variation (p < 0.001), while significant G × E interactions (3.93% and 18.14%, respectively) justified bilinear modeling. AMMI1 and GGE "which-won-where" biplots identified INIA-615 and PMV-581 as broadly adapted, with INIA-615 achieving the highest WAASBY and positioning in quadrant IV of Y × WAAS (high yield, high stability). INIA-601 and Sintético-MM exhibited exceptional stability (low ASV) but moderate productivity; Canteño showed limited adaptability. Chumbibamba emerged as a key discriminating, high-productivity location. From an agronomic perspective, INIA-615 is recommended for high-productivity valleys such as Sulluscocha and Santa Rita, where its yield potential and stability are maximized. These findings underscore the potential of integrating multivariate stability metrics with physiological and disease-resistance traits to guide the selection of superior purple corn cultivars. Overall, INIA-615 represents a robust candidate for enhancing yield stability, supporting sustainable intensification, and expanding the nutraceutical value chain of purple corn in the Andean highlands. “Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids across Diverse Agro-ecological Zones in Peru” was funded by the investment Project 2361771: “Improving the availability, access, and use of quality seeds for potato, amylaceous maize, grain legumes, and cereals in the regions of Junin, Ayacucho, Cusco, and Puno (4 departments)”, supported by Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA) Peru. 2026-01-09T15:37:44Z 2026-01-09T15:37:44Z 2025-12-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Garcia, G., Montero, F., Torres, M. E., Alvarez, S., Vasquez, W., Villantoy, A., Ruiz, Y., Escobal, F., Cántaro-Segura, H., Paitamala, O., & Matsusaka, D. (2026). Adaptability, yield stability, and agronomic performance of improved purple corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids across diverse agro-ecological zones in Peru. International Journal of Plant Biology, 17(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb17010003 2037-0164 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2985 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb17010003 eng urn:issn:2037-0164 International Journal of Plant Biology (Int. J. Plant Biol.) info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf MDPI CH Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA |
| spellingShingle | Purple corn Genotype × environment interaction AMMI and GGE biplot Yield stability Multi-environmental trials Maíz morado Interacción genotipo × ambiente Biplot AMMI y GGE Estabilidad del rendimiento Ensayos multiambientales https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 Zea mays; Genotipo; Genotypes; Adaptabilidad; Adaptability; Zona agroecológica; Agroecological zones; Antocianina; Anthocyanins; Ensayo de variedades; Variety trials; Mejoramiento genético; Genetic improvement Garcia Pando, Gilberto Arquimides Montero Bances, Fernando Torres Limascca, Maria Elena Alvarez Contreras, Selwyn Omar Vasquez Damiano, Wildo Villantoy Palomino, Abraham Ruiz, Yoel Escobal Valencia, Fernando Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Paitamala Campos, Omar Matsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru |
| title | Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru |
| title_full | Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru |
| title_fullStr | Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru |
| title_short | Adaptability, Yield Stability, and Agronomic Performance of Improved Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Across Diverse Agro-Ecological Zones in Peru |
| title_sort | adaptability yield stability and agronomic performance of improved purple corn zea mays l hybrids across diverse agro ecological zones in peru |
| topic | Purple corn Genotype × environment interaction AMMI and GGE biplot Yield stability Multi-environmental trials Maíz morado Interacción genotipo × ambiente Biplot AMMI y GGE Estabilidad del rendimiento Ensayos multiambientales https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 Zea mays; Genotipo; Genotypes; Adaptabilidad; Adaptability; Zona agroecológica; Agroecological zones; Antocianina; Anthocyanins; Ensayo de variedades; Variety trials; Mejoramiento genético; Genetic improvement |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2985 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb17010003 |
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