Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico
Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is a leading tropical plantation species valued for high-quality timber and carbon (C) storage. This study assessed stand growth across ages and sites, quantified biomass and C by tree component and stand, and developed DBH-based allometric equations for biomass and C est...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)
2025
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2904 https://doi.org/10.3390/f16101521 |
| _version_ | 1855028775320813568 |
|---|---|
| author | Ruiz Blandon, Bayron Alexander Hernández Alvarez, Efrén Martínez Trinidad, Tomás Amaringo Cordova, Luiz Paulo Ucañay Ayllon, Tatiana Mildred Bernaola Paucar, Rosario Marilu Hernández Plascencia, Gerardo Orellana Mendoza, Edith |
| author_browse | Amaringo Cordova, Luiz Paulo Bernaola Paucar, Rosario Marilu Hernández Alvarez, Efrén Hernández Plascencia, Gerardo Martínez Trinidad, Tomás Orellana Mendoza, Edith Ruiz Blandon, Bayron Alexander Ucañay Ayllon, Tatiana Mildred |
| author_facet | Ruiz Blandon, Bayron Alexander Hernández Alvarez, Efrén Martínez Trinidad, Tomás Amaringo Cordova, Luiz Paulo Ucañay Ayllon, Tatiana Mildred Bernaola Paucar, Rosario Marilu Hernández Plascencia, Gerardo Orellana Mendoza, Edith |
| author_sort | Ruiz Blandon, Bayron Alexander |
| collection | Repositorio INIA |
| description | Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is a leading tropical plantation species valued for high-quality timber and carbon (C) storage. This study assessed stand growth across ages and sites, quantified biomass and C by tree component and stand, and developed DBH-based allometric equations for biomass and C estimation. Six stand ages (5, 6, 9, 11, 14, and 17 years) were assessed in three municipalities of Nayarit, Mexico. Dendrometric inventories in permanent plots and destructive sampling of 35 trees provided calibration data for leaves, branches, stem, and roots. C concentration was determined with an elemental analyzer, and nonlinear regression models were adjusted and validated. Stand biomass and C increased with age, peaking at ages 11–14 (>130 Mg ha⁻¹; >60 Mg C ha⁻¹), with lower values at age 17. San Blas and Rosamorada accumulated significantly more than Tuxpan, reflecting site quality. C concentration was stable across sites and ages, with stem and roots consistently ranging between 48% and 50%, and leaves and branches averaging 45%–46%. Allometric equations were most accurate for stem and total biomass/C (R² = 0.73–0.79), while foliage showed higher variability. On average, 60%–70% of biomass was allocated to the stem and 15%–20% to roots. Indicators were stable, with an aboveground-to-belowground ratio (A:B) ≈ 4.9 and a biomass expansion factor (BEF) ≈ 1.5. The current annual increment (CAI) presented two main peaks: ~20 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ at ages 5–6 and ~11 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ at ages 9–11, followed by a decline after age 14. Teak in western Mexico reaches peak productivity at ages 6–11, with belowground biomass essential for accurate C accounting. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | INIA2904 |
| institution | Institucional Nacional de Innovación Agraria |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) |
| publisherStr | MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INIA29042025-10-28T21:26:50Z Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico Ruiz Blandon, Bayron Alexander Hernández Alvarez, Efrén Martínez Trinidad, Tomás Amaringo Cordova, Luiz Paulo Ucañay Ayllon, Tatiana Mildred Bernaola Paucar, Rosario Marilu Hernández Plascencia, Gerardo Orellana Mendoza, Edith Tropical plantations Carbon (C) sequestration Aboveground and belowground biomass Biomass expansion factor (BEF) Current and mean annual increment (CAI MAI) Silvicultural management Plantaciones tropicales Secuestro de carbono Biomasa aérea y subterránea Factor de expansión de biomasa (BEF) Incremento corriente y medio anual (CAI Manejo silvicultural https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00 Teak; Teca; Tectona Grandis; Carbon; Carbono; Growth; Crecimiento; Productivity; Productividad; Silviculture; Silvicultura Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is a leading tropical plantation species valued for high-quality timber and carbon (C) storage. This study assessed stand growth across ages and sites, quantified biomass and C by tree component and stand, and developed DBH-based allometric equations for biomass and C estimation. Six stand ages (5, 6, 9, 11, 14, and 17 years) were assessed in three municipalities of Nayarit, Mexico. Dendrometric inventories in permanent plots and destructive sampling of 35 trees provided calibration data for leaves, branches, stem, and roots. C concentration was determined with an elemental analyzer, and nonlinear regression models were adjusted and validated. Stand biomass and C increased with age, peaking at ages 11–14 (>130 Mg ha⁻¹; >60 Mg C ha⁻¹), with lower values at age 17. San Blas and Rosamorada accumulated significantly more than Tuxpan, reflecting site quality. C concentration was stable across sites and ages, with stem and roots consistently ranging between 48% and 50%, and leaves and branches averaging 45%–46%. Allometric equations were most accurate for stem and total biomass/C (R² = 0.73–0.79), while foliage showed higher variability. On average, 60%–70% of biomass was allocated to the stem and 15%–20% to roots. Indicators were stable, with an aboveground-to-belowground ratio (A:B) ≈ 4.9 and a biomass expansion factor (BEF) ≈ 1.5. The current annual increment (CAI) presented two main peaks: ~20 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ at ages 5–6 and ~11 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ at ages 9–11, followed by a decline after age 14. Teak in western Mexico reaches peak productivity at ages 6–11, with belowground biomass essential for accurate C accounting. 2025-10-16T15:36:13Z 2025-10-16T15:36:13Z 2025-09-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Ruiz-Blandon, B. A., Hernández-Alvarez, E., Martínez-Trinidad, T., Amaringo-Cordova, L. P., Ucañay-Ayllon, T. M., Bernaola-Paucar, R. M., Hernández-Plascencia, G., & Orellana-Mendoza, E. (2025). Growth, productivity, and biomass–carbon allometry in teak (Tectona grandis) plantations of western Mexico. Forests, 16(10), 1521. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16101521 1999-4907 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2904 https://doi.org/10.3390/f16101521 eng urn:issn:1999-4907 Forests info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) CH Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA |
| spellingShingle | Tropical plantations Carbon (C) sequestration Aboveground and belowground biomass Biomass expansion factor (BEF) Current and mean annual increment (CAI MAI) Silvicultural management Plantaciones tropicales Secuestro de carbono Biomasa aérea y subterránea Factor de expansión de biomasa (BEF) Incremento corriente y medio anual (CAI Manejo silvicultural https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00 Teak; Teca; Tectona Grandis; Carbon; Carbono; Growth; Crecimiento; Productivity; Productividad; Silviculture; Silvicultura Ruiz Blandon, Bayron Alexander Hernández Alvarez, Efrén Martínez Trinidad, Tomás Amaringo Cordova, Luiz Paulo Ucañay Ayllon, Tatiana Mildred Bernaola Paucar, Rosario Marilu Hernández Plascencia, Gerardo Orellana Mendoza, Edith Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico |
| title | Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico |
| title_full | Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico |
| title_short | Growth, Productivity, and Biomass–Carbon Allometry in Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations of Western Mexico |
| title_sort | growth productivity and biomass carbon allometry in teak tectona grandis plantations of western mexico |
| topic | Tropical plantations Carbon (C) sequestration Aboveground and belowground biomass Biomass expansion factor (BEF) Current and mean annual increment (CAI MAI) Silvicultural management Plantaciones tropicales Secuestro de carbono Biomasa aérea y subterránea Factor de expansión de biomasa (BEF) Incremento corriente y medio anual (CAI Manejo silvicultural https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00 Teak; Teca; Tectona Grandis; Carbon; Carbono; Growth; Crecimiento; Productivity; Productividad; Silviculture; Silvicultura |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2904 https://doi.org/10.3390/f16101521 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruizblandonbayronalexander growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT hernandezalvarezefren growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT martineztrinidadtomas growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT amaringocordovaluizpaulo growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT ucanayayllontatianamildred growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT bernaolapaucarrosariomarilu growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT hernandezplascenciagerardo growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico AT orellanamendozaedith growthproductivityandbiomasscarbonallometryinteaktectonagrandisplantationsofwesternmexico |