Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru
Cacao represents a crop of strategic importance for Peru due to its socioeconomic value, which has driven initiatives for the collection, characterization, and conservation of its genetic diversity, with a view to the future development of elite plants. As part of these efforts, a collection of 113...
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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MDPI (Preprints)
2025
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| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2862 https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.1776.v1 |
| _version_ | 1855028534797402112 |
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| author | Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús Vilca Valqui, Nuri Carito Montenegro Acuña, Luis Alberto Parco Quinchori, Jhimy Andy Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth |
| author_browse | Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth Montenegro Acuña, Luis Alberto Parco Quinchori, Jhimy Andy Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús Vilca Valqui, Nuri Carito |
| author_facet | Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús Vilca Valqui, Nuri Carito Montenegro Acuña, Luis Alberto Parco Quinchori, Jhimy Andy Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth |
| author_sort | Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús |
| collection | Repositorio INIA |
| description | Cacao represents a crop of strategic importance for Peru due to its socioeconomic value, which has driven initiatives for the collection, characterization, and conservation of its genetic diversity, with a view to the future development of elite plants. As part of these efforts, a collection of 113 accessions was established, with agromorphological data were recorded over two consecutive growing seasons, comprising 33 quantitative and 18 qualitative descriptors. These data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches, as well as Bayesian inference models. The results revealed broad phenotypic diversity, with significant variation in quantitative fruit and seed descriptors (CV = 37.51%), which was accompanied by high heritability values (> 60%) and considerable genetic advance (> 20%). Furthermore, eight phenotypic groups were identified, with Cluster II distinguished by its oblong fruits and higher pod index, and Cluster III by superior seed traits, including a greater number of fully developed seeds per fruit and an outstanding seed index (> 1.3 g). This comprehensive characterization enables the identification of accessions with promising agronomic traits and high bioactive potential, supported by phytochemical analyses using HPLC and FTIR. These findings provide a robust scientific foundation for breeding programs focused on developing more competitive and sustainable cacao production. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint |
| id | INIA2862 |
| institution | Institucional Nacional de Innovación Agraria |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | MDPI (Preprints) |
| publisherStr | MDPI (Preprints) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INIA28622025-09-29T19:55:11Z Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús Vilca Valqui, Nuri Carito Montenegro Acuña, Luis Alberto Parco Quinchori, Jhimy Andy Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth Characterization Conservation Descriptors FTIR Plant genetic resources Theobromine Caracterización agromorfológica Conservación ex situ Descriptores morfológicos Recursos genéticos vegetales Teobromina https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00 Germplasm banks; Banco de germoplasma; Genetic improvement; Mejoramiento genético; plant breeding; Fitomejoramiento; Bioactive compounds; Compuesto bioactivo Cacao represents a crop of strategic importance for Peru due to its socioeconomic value, which has driven initiatives for the collection, characterization, and conservation of its genetic diversity, with a view to the future development of elite plants. As part of these efforts, a collection of 113 accessions was established, with agromorphological data were recorded over two consecutive growing seasons, comprising 33 quantitative and 18 qualitative descriptors. These data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches, as well as Bayesian inference models. The results revealed broad phenotypic diversity, with significant variation in quantitative fruit and seed descriptors (CV = 37.51%), which was accompanied by high heritability values (> 60%) and considerable genetic advance (> 20%). Furthermore, eight phenotypic groups were identified, with Cluster II distinguished by its oblong fruits and higher pod index, and Cluster III by superior seed traits, including a greater number of fully developed seeds per fruit and an outstanding seed index (> 1.3 g). This comprehensive characterization enables the identification of accessions with promising agronomic traits and high bioactive potential, supported by phytochemical analyses using HPLC and FTIR. These findings provide a robust scientific foundation for breeding programs focused on developing more competitive and sustainable cacao production. This research was supported technically and financially by the investment project (IP) with CUI No. 2480490, entitled "Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación en la caracterización de los recursos genéticos de la agrobiodiversidad en 17 departamentos del Perú – ProAgrobio", executed by the Subdirectorate of Genetic Resources of the Directorate of Genetic Resources and Biotechnology at the National Institute of Agricultural Innovation (INIA). 2025-09-29T19:55:11Z 2025-09-29T19:55:11Z 2025-09-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint Tejada-Alvarado, J. J., Vilca-Valqui, N. C., Montenegro-Acuña, L. A., Parco-Quinchori, J. A., & Fernández, E. (2025). Exploring the agromorphological profiles of the cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas region, Peru [Preprint]. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.1776.v1 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2862 https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.1776.v1 eng Preprints.org info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf MDPI (Preprints) CH Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA |
| spellingShingle | Characterization Conservation Descriptors FTIR Plant genetic resources Theobromine Caracterización agromorfológica Conservación ex situ Descriptores morfológicos Recursos genéticos vegetales Teobromina https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00 Germplasm banks; Banco de germoplasma; Genetic improvement; Mejoramiento genético; plant breeding; Fitomejoramiento; Bioactive compounds; Compuesto bioactivo Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús Vilca Valqui, Nuri Carito Montenegro Acuña, Luis Alberto Parco Quinchori, Jhimy Andy Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru |
| title | Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru |
| title_full | Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru |
| title_short | Exploring the Agromorphological Profiles of the Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Collection from the INIA Germplasm Bank in the Amazonas Region, Peru |
| title_sort | exploring the agromorphological profiles of the cacao theobroma cacao l collection from the inia germplasm bank in the amazonas region peru |
| topic | Characterization Conservation Descriptors FTIR Plant genetic resources Theobromine Caracterización agromorfológica Conservación ex situ Descriptores morfológicos Recursos genéticos vegetales Teobromina https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.00 Germplasm banks; Banco de germoplasma; Genetic improvement; Mejoramiento genético; plant breeding; Fitomejoramiento; Bioactive compounds; Compuesto bioactivo |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2862 https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.1776.v1 |
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