Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru

High-Andean Creole cattle represent a genetic resource with significant adaptive value in high-altitude ecosystems. In this study, 151 Creole cows from the provinces of Canas and Quispicanchis (Cusco, Peru) were evaluated to characterize their morphometry, calculate zoometric indices, and establish...

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Autores principales: Ccalta Hancco, Ruth, Huayta Arizaca, Rito Felipe, Salcedo Quispe, Elvis Lizandro, Valverde, Anthony, Cucho Dolmos, Hernán Carlos, Canaza-Cayo, Ali William, Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony, Estrada Cañari, Richard
Formato: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
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Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2834
https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080782
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author Ccalta Hancco, Ruth
Huayta Arizaca, Rito Felipe
Salcedo Quispe, Elvis Lizandro
Valverde, Anthony
Cucho Dolmos, Hernán Carlos
Canaza-Cayo, Ali William
Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony
Estrada Cañari, Richard
author_browse Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony
Canaza-Cayo, Ali William
Ccalta Hancco, Ruth
Cucho Dolmos, Hernán Carlos
Estrada Cañari, Richard
Huayta Arizaca, Rito Felipe
Salcedo Quispe, Elvis Lizandro
Valverde, Anthony
author_facet Ccalta Hancco, Ruth
Huayta Arizaca, Rito Felipe
Salcedo Quispe, Elvis Lizandro
Valverde, Anthony
Cucho Dolmos, Hernán Carlos
Canaza-Cayo, Ali William
Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony
Estrada Cañari, Richard
author_sort Ccalta Hancco, Ruth
collection Repositorio INIA
description High-Andean Creole cattle represent a genetic resource with significant adaptive value in high-altitude ecosystems. In this study, 151 Creole cows from the provinces of Canas and Quispicanchis (Cusco, Peru) were evaluated to characterize their morphometry, calculate zoometric indices, and establish functional biotypes. Ten morphometric parameters were measured, and eight structural indices were calculated. Four differentiated biotypes were identified through the multivariate analysis and hierarchical clustering of quantitative variables (BI, BII, BIII, and BIV). Morphological differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and associated with different productive orientations. Biotype I showed greater thoracic development and a compact structure, which is compatible with intermediate beefaptitude; Biotype II exhibited more elongated proportions and a lower weight, indicating a dairy tendency; Biotype III stood out for its muscle mass, thoracic depth, and pelvic width, evidencing a clear beef orientation; and Biotype IV combined a higher weight, rectangular conformation, and wide pelvis, showing potential for beef production and ease of calving. Functional differentiation was supported by Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and PERMANOVA tests. Correlations between morphometric variables and zoometric indices revealed anatomical patterns consistent with the productive functions proposed. The results highlight the morpho-functional diversity of Andean Creole cattle and their potential for conservation and improvement programs in extensive highland systems.
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spelling INIA28342025-08-21T19:11:03Z Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru Ccalta Hancco, Ruth Huayta Arizaca, Rito Felipe Salcedo Quispe, Elvis Lizandro Valverde, Anthony Cucho Dolmos, Hernán Carlos Canaza-Cayo, Ali William Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony Estrada Cañari, Richard Creole cattle Morphometry Zoometric indices Biotypification High Andean livestock farming Ganado criollo Morfometría Índices zoométricos Biotipificación Ganadería altoandina https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.02.01 Perú; Peru; Características; Characteristics; Adaptado; Adaptive; Genetic resources; Recursos genéticos; Cows; Vacas High-Andean Creole cattle represent a genetic resource with significant adaptive value in high-altitude ecosystems. In this study, 151 Creole cows from the provinces of Canas and Quispicanchis (Cusco, Peru) were evaluated to characterize their morphometry, calculate zoometric indices, and establish functional biotypes. Ten morphometric parameters were measured, and eight structural indices were calculated. Four differentiated biotypes were identified through the multivariate analysis and hierarchical clustering of quantitative variables (BI, BII, BIII, and BIV). Morphological differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and associated with different productive orientations. Biotype I showed greater thoracic development and a compact structure, which is compatible with intermediate beefaptitude; Biotype II exhibited more elongated proportions and a lower weight, indicating a dairy tendency; Biotype III stood out for its muscle mass, thoracic depth, and pelvic width, evidencing a clear beef orientation; and Biotype IV combined a higher weight, rectangular conformation, and wide pelvis, showing potential for beef production and ease of calving. Functional differentiation was supported by Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and PERMANOVA tests. Correlations between morphometric variables and zoometric indices revealed anatomical patterns consistent with the productive functions proposed. The results highlight the morpho-functional diversity of Andean Creole cattle and their potential for conservation and improvement programs in extensive highland systems. This research was conducted with funding from the following project: “Mejoramiento de los Servicios de Investigación y Transferencia de Tecnología en Ganadería Alto Andina en las Regiones: Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, Junín, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno y Tacna, 33 Distritos” CUI No. 2491159, of the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria. 2025-08-21T19:11:03Z 2025-08-21T19:11:03Z 2025-08-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Ccalta, R.; Huayta Arizaca, R.F.; Salcedo Quispe, E.L.; Valverde, A.; Cucho Dolmos, H.C.; Canaza-Cayo, A.W.; Acuña Leiva, A.Y.; Estrada, R. Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru. Vet. Sci. 2025, 12, 782. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/vetsci12080782 2306-7381 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2834 https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080782 eng urn:issn: 2306-7381 Veterinary Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf MDPI CH Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA
spellingShingle Creole cattle
Morphometry
Zoometric indices
Biotypification
High Andean livestock farming
Ganado criollo
Morfometría
Índices zoométricos
Biotipificación
Ganadería altoandina
https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.02.01
Perú; Peru; Características; Characteristics; Adaptado; Adaptive; Genetic resources; Recursos genéticos; Cows; Vacas
Ccalta Hancco, Ruth
Huayta Arizaca, Rito Felipe
Salcedo Quispe, Elvis Lizandro
Valverde, Anthony
Cucho Dolmos, Hernán Carlos
Canaza-Cayo, Ali William
Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony
Estrada Cañari, Richard
Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru
title Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru
title_full Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru
title_fullStr Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru
title_full_unstemmed Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru
title_short Morphometric Characterization and Zoometric Indices of High-Andean Creole Cows from Southern Peru
title_sort morphometric characterization and zoometric indices of high andean creole cows from southern peru
topic Creole cattle
Morphometry
Zoometric indices
Biotypification
High Andean livestock farming
Ganado criollo
Morfometría
Índices zoométricos
Biotipificación
Ganadería altoandina
https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.02.01
Perú; Peru; Características; Characteristics; Adaptado; Adaptive; Genetic resources; Recursos genéticos; Cows; Vacas
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2834
https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080782
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