Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace
Cassava mosaic disease is caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) and can result in crop losses up to 100% in cassava (Manihot esculenta) in Tanzania. We investigated the efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy for elimination of East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) of Tanzanian cassav...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
Wiley
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/97152 |
| _version_ | 1855519396203593728 |
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| author | Kidulile, C.E. Ateka, E.M. Alakonya, A.E. Ndunguru, J.C. |
| author_browse | Alakonya, A.E. Ateka, E.M. Kidulile, C.E. Ndunguru, J.C. |
| author_facet | Kidulile, C.E. Ateka, E.M. Alakonya, A.E. Ndunguru, J.C. |
| author_sort | Kidulile, C.E. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Cassava mosaic disease is caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) and can result in crop losses up to 100% in cassava (Manihot esculenta) in Tanzania. We investigated the efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy for elimination of East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) of Tanzanian cassava. In vitro plantlets from EACMV‐infected plants obtained from coastal Tanzania were established in the greenhouse. Leaves were sampled from the plants and tested to confirm the presence of EACMV. Plantlets of plants positive for EACMV were initiated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. On the second subculture, they were subjected into chemical treatment in the medium containing salicylic acid (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L) and ribavirin (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L). In the second experiment, EACMV‐infected plantlets were subjected to temperatures between 35 and 40°C with 28°C as the control. After 42 days of growth, DNA was extracted from plant leaves and PCR amplification was performed using EACMV specific primers. It was found that plant survival decreased with increasing levels of both salicylic acid and ribavirin concentrations. In general, plants treated with salicylic acid exhibited a lower plant survival % than those treated with ribavirin. However, the percentage of virus‐free plants increased with an increase in the concentration of both ribavirin and salicylic acid. The most effective concentrations were 20 mg/L of ribavirin and 30 mg/L of salicylic acid; these resulted in 85.0% and 88.9% virus‐free plantlets, respectively. With regard to thermotherapy, 35°C resulted in 79.5% virus‐free plantlets compared to 69.5% at 40°C. Based on virus elimination, ribavirin at 20 mg/L, salicylic acid 30 mg/L and thermotherapy at 35°C are recommended for production of EACMV free cassava plantlets from infected cassava landraces. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace97152 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateRange | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| publisherStr | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace971522025-11-11T10:08:47Z Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace Kidulile, C.E. Ateka, E.M. Alakonya, A.E. Ndunguru, J.C. african cassava mosaic virus begomovirus ribavirin salicylic acids virus-free plants genetics physiology Cassava mosaic disease is caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) and can result in crop losses up to 100% in cassava (Manihot esculenta) in Tanzania. We investigated the efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy for elimination of East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) of Tanzanian cassava. In vitro plantlets from EACMV‐infected plants obtained from coastal Tanzania were established in the greenhouse. Leaves were sampled from the plants and tested to confirm the presence of EACMV. Plantlets of plants positive for EACMV were initiated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. On the second subculture, they were subjected into chemical treatment in the medium containing salicylic acid (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L) and ribavirin (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L). In the second experiment, EACMV‐infected plantlets were subjected to temperatures between 35 and 40°C with 28°C as the control. After 42 days of growth, DNA was extracted from plant leaves and PCR amplification was performed using EACMV specific primers. It was found that plant survival decreased with increasing levels of both salicylic acid and ribavirin concentrations. In general, plants treated with salicylic acid exhibited a lower plant survival % than those treated with ribavirin. However, the percentage of virus‐free plants increased with an increase in the concentration of both ribavirin and salicylic acid. The most effective concentrations were 20 mg/L of ribavirin and 30 mg/L of salicylic acid; these resulted in 85.0% and 88.9% virus‐free plantlets, respectively. With regard to thermotherapy, 35°C resulted in 79.5% virus‐free plantlets compared to 69.5% at 40°C. Based on virus elimination, ribavirin at 20 mg/L, salicylic acid 30 mg/L and thermotherapy at 35°C are recommended for production of EACMV free cassava plantlets from infected cassava landraces. 2018-09-06 2018-09-11T15:25:28Z 2018-09-11T15:25:28Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/97152 en Open Access application/pdf Wiley Kidulile, C.E., Miinda Ateka, E., Alakonya, A.E., & Ndunguru, J.C. (2018). Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace. Journal of Phytopathology, 1-7. |
| spellingShingle | african cassava mosaic virus begomovirus ribavirin salicylic acids virus-free plants genetics physiology Kidulile, C.E. Ateka, E.M. Alakonya, A.E. Ndunguru, J.C. Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace |
| title | Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace |
| title_full | Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace |
| title_short | Efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east African cassava mosaic virus from Tanzanian cassava landrace |
| title_sort | efficacy of chemotherapy and thermotherapy in elimination of east african cassava mosaic virus from tanzanian cassava landrace |
| topic | african cassava mosaic virus begomovirus ribavirin salicylic acids virus-free plants genetics physiology |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/97152 |
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