Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa

Maize improvement at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), which began in the 1970s, built on the germplasm and experience of earlier years. The main breeding emphasis was to develop maize cultivars and hybrids with high yield potential and durable resistance to diseases and pe...

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Main Authors: Kamara, A.Y., Menkir, A., Fakorede, M.A.B., Ajala, S.O., Badu-Apraku, Baffour, Kureh, I.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/96423
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author Kamara, A.Y.
Menkir, A.
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Ajala, S.O.
Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Kureh, I.
author_browse Ajala, S.O.
Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Kamara, A.Y.
Kureh, I.
Menkir, A.
author_facet Kamara, A.Y.
Menkir, A.
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Ajala, S.O.
Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Kureh, I.
author_sort Kamara, A.Y.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Maize improvement at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), which began in the 1970s, built on the germplasm and experience of earlier years. The main breeding emphasis was to develop maize cultivars and hybrids with high yield potential and durable resistance to diseases and pests with specific adaptation to the different agro-ecological zones of West and Central Africa. Over the years, open-pollinated cultivars have been developed with different levels of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Identification of the factors that contributed to improvements in the maize cultivars developed during the past decades may be useful to sustain the genetic gain from selection in the future. A study was conducted to quantify genetic gains in yield and associated traits of open pollinated maize cultivars released from 1970 to 1999 in the West African savannas. The genetic gain in grain yield was 0·41% per year and seems to be associated with increases in total biomass and kernel weight, and reductions in plant height and days to flowering (anthesis and silking). There was no significant change in harvest index of the cultivars.
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spelling CGSpace964232024-06-07T13:01:28Z Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa Kamara, A.Y. Menkir, A. Fakorede, M.A.B. Ajala, S.O. Badu-Apraku, Baffour Kureh, I. maize cultivars disease resistance crop yield Maize improvement at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), which began in the 1970s, built on the germplasm and experience of earlier years. The main breeding emphasis was to develop maize cultivars and hybrids with high yield potential and durable resistance to diseases and pests with specific adaptation to the different agro-ecological zones of West and Central Africa. Over the years, open-pollinated cultivars have been developed with different levels of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Identification of the factors that contributed to improvements in the maize cultivars developed during the past decades may be useful to sustain the genetic gain from selection in the future. A study was conducted to quantify genetic gains in yield and associated traits of open pollinated maize cultivars released from 1970 to 1999 in the West African savannas. The genetic gain in grain yield was 0·41% per year and seems to be associated with increases in total biomass and kernel weight, and reductions in plant height and days to flowering (anthesis and silking). There was no significant change in harvest index of the cultivars. 2004-10 2018-08-09T06:40:41Z 2018-08-09T06:40:41Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/96423 en Limited Access Kamara, A.Y., Menkir, A., Fakorede, M.A.B., Ajala, S.O., Badu-Apraku, B. & Kureh, I. (2004). Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea savannas of West and Central Africa. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 142(5), 567-575.
spellingShingle maize
cultivars
disease resistance
crop yield
Kamara, A.Y.
Menkir, A.
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Ajala, S.O.
Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Kureh, I.
Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa
title Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa
title_full Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa
title_fullStr Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa
title_full_unstemmed Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa
title_short Agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the Guinea Savannas of West and Central Africa
title_sort agronomic performance of maize cultivars representing three decades of breeding in the guinea savannas of west and central africa
topic maize
cultivars
disease resistance
crop yield
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/96423
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