Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC

Scanty information on long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics hampers validation of SOC models in the tropics. We observed SOC content changes in a 16-year continuously cropped agroforestry experiment in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. SOC levels declined in all treatments. The decline was most...

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Main Authors: Diels, J., Vanlauwe, Bernard, Meersch, M.K. van der, Sanginga, N., Merckx, Roel
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/96324
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author Diels, J.
Vanlauwe, Bernard
Meersch, M.K. van der
Sanginga, N.
Merckx, Roel
author_browse Diels, J.
Meersch, M.K. van der
Merckx, Roel
Sanginga, N.
Vanlauwe, Bernard
author_facet Diels, J.
Vanlauwe, Bernard
Meersch, M.K. van der
Sanginga, N.
Merckx, Roel
author_sort Diels, J.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Scanty information on long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics hampers validation of SOC models in the tropics. We observed SOC content changes in a 16-year continuously cropped agroforestry experiment in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. SOC levels declined in all treatments. The decline was most pronounced in the no-tree control treatments with continuous maize and cowpea cropping, where SOC levels dropped from the initial 15.4 to 7.3–8.0 Mg C ha−1 in the 0–12 cm topsoil in 16 years. In the two continuously cropped alley cropping (AC) systems, one with Leucaena leucocephala and one with Senna siamea trees, SOC levels dropped to 10.7–13.2 Mg C ha−1. Compared to the no-tree control treatments, an annual application of an additional 8.5 Mg ha−1 (dry matter) of plant residues, mainly tree prunings, led to an extra 3.5 Mg C ha−1 (∼0.2% C) in the 0–12 cm top soil after 11 years, and 4.1 Mg C ha−1 after 16 years. The addition of NPK fertilizer had little effect on the quantities of above-ground plant residues returned to the soil, and there was no evidence that the fertilizer affected the rate of SOC decomposition. The fact that both C3 and C4 plants returned organic matter to the soil in all cropping systems, but in contrasting proportions, led to clear contrasts in the 13C abundance in the SOC. This 13C information, together with the measured SOC contents, was used to test the ROTHC model. Decomposition was very fast, illustrated by the fact that we had to double all decomposition rate constants in the model in order to simulate the measured contrasts in SOC contents and δ13C between the AC treatments and the no-tree controls. We hypothesized (1) that the pruning materials from the legume trees and/or the extra rhizodeposition from the tree roots in the AC treatments accelerated the decomposition of the SOC present at the start of the experiment (true C-priming), and/or (2) that the physical protection of microbial biomass and metabolites by the clay fraction on this site, having a sandy top soil in which clay minerals are mainly of the 1:1 type, is lower than assumed by the model.
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spelling CGSpace963242024-05-15T05:11:10Z Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC Diels, J. Vanlauwe, Bernard Meersch, M.K. van der Sanginga, N. Merckx, Roel leucaena leucocephala senna siamea alley cropping soil organic matter tropics microbiology Scanty information on long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics hampers validation of SOC models in the tropics. We observed SOC content changes in a 16-year continuously cropped agroforestry experiment in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. SOC levels declined in all treatments. The decline was most pronounced in the no-tree control treatments with continuous maize and cowpea cropping, where SOC levels dropped from the initial 15.4 to 7.3–8.0 Mg C ha−1 in the 0–12 cm topsoil in 16 years. In the two continuously cropped alley cropping (AC) systems, one with Leucaena leucocephala and one with Senna siamea trees, SOC levels dropped to 10.7–13.2 Mg C ha−1. Compared to the no-tree control treatments, an annual application of an additional 8.5 Mg ha−1 (dry matter) of plant residues, mainly tree prunings, led to an extra 3.5 Mg C ha−1 (∼0.2% C) in the 0–12 cm top soil after 11 years, and 4.1 Mg C ha−1 after 16 years. The addition of NPK fertilizer had little effect on the quantities of above-ground plant residues returned to the soil, and there was no evidence that the fertilizer affected the rate of SOC decomposition. The fact that both C3 and C4 plants returned organic matter to the soil in all cropping systems, but in contrasting proportions, led to clear contrasts in the 13C abundance in the SOC. This 13C information, together with the measured SOC contents, was used to test the ROTHC model. Decomposition was very fast, illustrated by the fact that we had to double all decomposition rate constants in the model in order to simulate the measured contrasts in SOC contents and δ13C between the AC treatments and the no-tree controls. We hypothesized (1) that the pruning materials from the legume trees and/or the extra rhizodeposition from the tree roots in the AC treatments accelerated the decomposition of the SOC present at the start of the experiment (true C-priming), and/or (2) that the physical protection of microbial biomass and metabolites by the clay fraction on this site, having a sandy top soil in which clay minerals are mainly of the 1:1 type, is lower than assumed by the model. 2004-11 2018-08-09T06:40:26Z 2018-08-09T06:40:26Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/96324 en Limited Access Elsevier Diels, J., Vanlauwe, B., Van der Meersch, M.K., Sanginga, N. & Merckx, R. (2004). Long-term soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36(11), 1739-1750.
spellingShingle leucaena leucocephala
senna siamea
alley cropping
soil organic matter
tropics
microbiology
Diels, J.
Vanlauwe, Bernard
Meersch, M.K. van der
Sanginga, N.
Merckx, Roel
Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC
title Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC
title_full Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC
title_fullStr Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC
title_full_unstemmed Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC
title_short Longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate: 13C data in mixed C3/C4 cropping and modeling with ROTHC
title_sort longterm soil organic carbon dynamics in a subhumid tropical climate 13c data in mixed c3 c4 cropping and modeling with rothc
topic leucaena leucocephala
senna siamea
alley cropping
soil organic matter
tropics
microbiology
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/96324
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