Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa

Farmers in Africa have long adapted to climatic and other risks by diversifying their farming activities. Using a multi‐scale approach we explore the relationship between farming diversity and food security and the diversification potential of African agriculture and its limits on the household and...

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Autores principales: Waha, Katharina, Wijk, Mark T. van, Fritz, Steffen, See, Linda, Thornton, Philip K., Wichern, Jannike, Herrero, Mario
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/92044
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author Waha, Katharina
Wijk, Mark T. van
Fritz, Steffen
See, Linda
Thornton, Philip K.
Wichern, Jannike
Herrero, Mario
author_browse Fritz, Steffen
Herrero, Mario
See, Linda
Thornton, Philip K.
Waha, Katharina
Wichern, Jannike
Wijk, Mark T. van
author_facet Waha, Katharina
Wijk, Mark T. van
Fritz, Steffen
See, Linda
Thornton, Philip K.
Wichern, Jannike
Herrero, Mario
author_sort Waha, Katharina
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Farmers in Africa have long adapted to climatic and other risks by diversifying their farming activities. Using a multi‐scale approach we explore the relationship between farming diversity and food security and the diversification potential of African agriculture and its limits on the household and continental scale. On the household scale we use agricultural surveys from more than 28,000 households located in 18 African countries. In a next step we use the relationship between rainfall, rainfall variability and farming diversity to determine the available diversification options for farmers on the continental scale. On the household scale, we show that households with greater farming diversity are more successful in meeting their consumption needs, but only up to a certain level of diversity per ha cropland and more often if food can be purchased from off‐farm income or income from farm sales. More diverse farming systems can contribute to household food security, however the relationship is influenced by other factors e.g. the market‐orientation of a household, livestock ownership, non‐agricultural employment opportunities and available land resources. On the continental scale, the greatest opportunities for diversification of food crops, cash crops and livestock are located in areas with 500‐1000mm annual rainfall and 17‐22% rainfall variability. Forty three percent of the African cropland lacks these opportunities at present which may hamper the ability of agricultural systems to respond to climate change. While sustainable intensification practices that increase yields have received most attention to date, our study suggests that a shift in the research and policy paradigm towards agricultural diversification options may be necessary.
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spelling CGSpace920442025-02-20T11:27:32Z Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa Waha, Katharina Wijk, Mark T. van Fritz, Steffen See, Linda Thornton, Philip K. Wichern, Jannike Herrero, Mario climate change agriculture food security Farmers in Africa have long adapted to climatic and other risks by diversifying their farming activities. Using a multi‐scale approach we explore the relationship between farming diversity and food security and the diversification potential of African agriculture and its limits on the household and continental scale. On the household scale we use agricultural surveys from more than 28,000 households located in 18 African countries. In a next step we use the relationship between rainfall, rainfall variability and farming diversity to determine the available diversification options for farmers on the continental scale. On the household scale, we show that households with greater farming diversity are more successful in meeting their consumption needs, but only up to a certain level of diversity per ha cropland and more often if food can be purchased from off‐farm income or income from farm sales. More diverse farming systems can contribute to household food security, however the relationship is influenced by other factors e.g. the market‐orientation of a household, livestock ownership, non‐agricultural employment opportunities and available land resources. On the continental scale, the greatest opportunities for diversification of food crops, cash crops and livestock are located in areas with 500‐1000mm annual rainfall and 17‐22% rainfall variability. Forty three percent of the African cropland lacks these opportunities at present which may hamper the ability of agricultural systems to respond to climate change. While sustainable intensification practices that increase yields have received most attention to date, our study suggests that a shift in the research and policy paradigm towards agricultural diversification options may be necessary. 2018-08 2018-04-10T11:40:23Z 2018-04-10T11:40:23Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/92044 en Open Access Wiley Waha K, van Wijk MT, Fritz S, See L, Thornton PK, Wichern J, Herrero M. 2018. Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa. Global Change Biology 24(8):3390-3400.
spellingShingle climate change
agriculture
food security
Waha, Katharina
Wijk, Mark T. van
Fritz, Steffen
See, Linda
Thornton, Philip K.
Wichern, Jannike
Herrero, Mario
Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa
title Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa
title_full Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa
title_fullStr Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa
title_full_unstemmed Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa
title_short Agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in Africa
title_sort agricultural diversification as an important strategy for achieving food security in africa
topic climate change
agriculture
food security
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/92044
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