Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa
The moist savannas of West and Central Africa have great potential for maize grain production due to high levels of radiation and reduced incidence of pests and diseases. However, soils in this zone are generally low in organic matter and cation exchange capacity in addition to land use intensificat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Conference Paper |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
African Crop Science Society
2007
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/90624 |
| _version_ | 1855526968962842624 |
|---|---|
| author | Ajala, S.O. Menkir, A. Kamara, A.Y. Alabi, S.O. Abdulai, M.S. |
| author_browse | Abdulai, M.S. Ajala, S.O. Alabi, S.O. Kamara, A.Y. Menkir, A. |
| author_facet | Ajala, S.O. Menkir, A. Kamara, A.Y. Alabi, S.O. Abdulai, M.S. |
| author_sort | Ajala, S.O. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | The moist savannas of West and Central Africa have great potential for maize grain production due to high levels of radiation and reduced incidence of pests and diseases. However, soils in this zone are generally low in organic matter and cation exchange capacity in addition to land use intensification. Improving productivity of maize in the savannas will therefore rely on improving soil fertility, ensuring efficient use of inputs and low-N tolerant maize varieties. Breeding maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen will enhance the capacity of cultivars to use limited nitrogen more efficiently for grain production. Attempts at developing N-efficient maize genotypes for this region resulted in the identification of hybrids as having better N-use efficiency than open pollinated cultivars, identification of inbreds with high N-use efficiency and the development of prolific and low-N tolerant populations. Recurrent selection schemes whereby desirable progenies for recombination were selected based on an index that combine agronomic performance under low-N with yield under high-N to maximize gains under both environments, have been used to improve the developed populations. Evaluation of different cycles of selection showed that a minimum yield gain of 100 kg ha-1 cycle-1 under low-N is feasible. This yield gain is associated with desirable changes in other agronomic traits. Determination of relationships between vertical root pulling strength and nitrogen uptake and use efficiency and testing of maize genotypes developed for drought under low-N are other strategies that can aid breeding for tolerance to low-soil nitrogen. |
| format | Conference Paper |
| id | CGSpace90624 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateRange | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | African Crop Science Society |
| publisherStr | African Crop Science Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace906242023-02-15T06:36:45Z Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa Ajala, S.O. Menkir, A. Kamara, A.Y. Alabi, S.O. Abdulai, M.S. soil nitrogen stress maize breeding soil fertility organic matter genotypes The moist savannas of West and Central Africa have great potential for maize grain production due to high levels of radiation and reduced incidence of pests and diseases. However, soils in this zone are generally low in organic matter and cation exchange capacity in addition to land use intensification. Improving productivity of maize in the savannas will therefore rely on improving soil fertility, ensuring efficient use of inputs and low-N tolerant maize varieties. Breeding maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen will enhance the capacity of cultivars to use limited nitrogen more efficiently for grain production. Attempts at developing N-efficient maize genotypes for this region resulted in the identification of hybrids as having better N-use efficiency than open pollinated cultivars, identification of inbreds with high N-use efficiency and the development of prolific and low-N tolerant populations. Recurrent selection schemes whereby desirable progenies for recombination were selected based on an index that combine agronomic performance under low-N with yield under high-N to maximize gains under both environments, have been used to improve the developed populations. Evaluation of different cycles of selection showed that a minimum yield gain of 100 kg ha-1 cycle-1 under low-N is feasible. This yield gain is associated with desirable changes in other agronomic traits. Determination of relationships between vertical root pulling strength and nitrogen uptake and use efficiency and testing of maize genotypes developed for drought under low-N are other strategies that can aid breeding for tolerance to low-soil nitrogen. 2007 2018-01-29T14:25:50Z 2018-01-29T14:25:50Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/90624 en Limited Access African Crop Science Society Ajala, S.O., Menkir, A., Kamara, A.Y., Alabi, S.O. & Abdulai, M.S. (2007). Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa. In 8th African Crop Science Society Conference, (pp. 87-94), 27-31 October, El-Minia, African Crop Science Society. |
| spellingShingle | soil nitrogen stress maize breeding soil fertility organic matter genotypes Ajala, S.O. Menkir, A. Kamara, A.Y. Alabi, S.O. Abdulai, M.S. Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa |
| title | Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa |
| title_full | Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa |
| title_fullStr | Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa |
| title_short | Breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in West and Central Africa |
| title_sort | breeding strategies to improve maize for adaptation to low soil nitrogen in west and central africa |
| topic | soil nitrogen stress maize breeding soil fertility organic matter genotypes |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/90624 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ajalaso breedingstrategiestoimprovemaizeforadaptationtolowsoilnitrogeninwestandcentralafrica AT menkira breedingstrategiestoimprovemaizeforadaptationtolowsoilnitrogeninwestandcentralafrica AT kamaraay breedingstrategiestoimprovemaizeforadaptationtolowsoilnitrogeninwestandcentralafrica AT alabiso breedingstrategiestoimprovemaizeforadaptationtolowsoilnitrogeninwestandcentralafrica AT abdulaims breedingstrategiestoimprovemaizeforadaptationtolowsoilnitrogeninwestandcentralafrica |