Natural climate solutions
Better stewardship of land is needed to achieve the Paris Climate Agreement goal of holding warming to below 2 °C; however, confusion persists about the specific set of land stewardship options available and their mitigation potential. To address this, we identify and quantify “natural climate solut...
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
National Academy of Sciences
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/89436 |
| _version_ | 1855523206822100992 |
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| author | Griscom, Bronson Adams, Justin Ellis, Peter Houghton, Richard A. Lomax, Guy Miteva, Daniela Schlesinger, William Shoch, David Siikamaki, Juha Smith, Pete Woodbury, Peter Zganjar, Chris Blackman, Allen Campan, João Conant, Richard T. Delgado, Christopher L. Elias, Patricia Gopalakrishna, Trisha Hamsik, Marisa R. Herrero, Mario Kiesecker, Joseph Landis, Emily Laestadius, Lars Leavitt, Sara M. Minnemeyer, Susan Polasky, Stephen Potapov, Peter Putz, Francis Sanderman, Jonathan Silvius, Marcel Wollenberg, Eva Karoline Fargione, Joseph |
| author_browse | Adams, Justin Blackman, Allen Campan, João Conant, Richard T. Delgado, Christopher L. Elias, Patricia Ellis, Peter Fargione, Joseph Gopalakrishna, Trisha Griscom, Bronson Hamsik, Marisa R. Herrero, Mario Houghton, Richard A. Kiesecker, Joseph Laestadius, Lars Landis, Emily Leavitt, Sara M. Lomax, Guy Minnemeyer, Susan Miteva, Daniela Polasky, Stephen Potapov, Peter Putz, Francis Sanderman, Jonathan Schlesinger, William Shoch, David Siikamaki, Juha Silvius, Marcel Smith, Pete Wollenberg, Eva Karoline Woodbury, Peter Zganjar, Chris |
| author_facet | Griscom, Bronson Adams, Justin Ellis, Peter Houghton, Richard A. Lomax, Guy Miteva, Daniela Schlesinger, William Shoch, David Siikamaki, Juha Smith, Pete Woodbury, Peter Zganjar, Chris Blackman, Allen Campan, João Conant, Richard T. Delgado, Christopher L. Elias, Patricia Gopalakrishna, Trisha Hamsik, Marisa R. Herrero, Mario Kiesecker, Joseph Landis, Emily Laestadius, Lars Leavitt, Sara M. Minnemeyer, Susan Polasky, Stephen Potapov, Peter Putz, Francis Sanderman, Jonathan Silvius, Marcel Wollenberg, Eva Karoline Fargione, Joseph |
| author_sort | Griscom, Bronson |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Better stewardship of land is needed to achieve the Paris Climate Agreement goal of holding warming to below 2 °C; however, confusion persists about the specific set of land stewardship options available and their mitigation potential. To address this, we identify and quantify “natural climate solutions” (NCS): 20 conservation, restoration, and improved land management actions that increase carbon storage and/or avoid greenhouse gas emissions across global forests, wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural lands. We find that the maximum potential of NCS—when constrained by food security, fiber security, and biodiversity conservation—is 23.8 petagrams of CO2 equivalent (PgCO2e) y−1 (95% CI 20.3–37.4). This is ≥30% higher than prior estimates, which did not include the full range of options and safeguards considered here. About half of this maximum (11.3 PgCO2e y−1) represents cost-effective climate mitigation, assuming the social cost of CO2 pollution is ≥100 USD MgCO2e−1 by 2030. Natural climate solutions can provide 37% of cost-effective CO2 mitigation needed through 2030 for a >66% chance of holding warming to below 2 °C. One-third of this cost-effective NCS mitigation can be delivered at or below 10 USD MgCO2−1. Most NCS actions—if effectively implemented—also offer water filtration, flood buffering, soil health, biodiversity habitat, and enhanced climate resilience. Work remains to better constrain uncertainty of NCS mitigation estimates. Nevertheless, existing knowledge reported here provides a robust basis for immediate global action to improve ecosystem stewardship as a major solution to climate change. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace89436 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateRange | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| publisherStr | National Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace894362024-10-17T09:47:53Z Natural climate solutions Griscom, Bronson Adams, Justin Ellis, Peter Houghton, Richard A. Lomax, Guy Miteva, Daniela Schlesinger, William Shoch, David Siikamaki, Juha Smith, Pete Woodbury, Peter Zganjar, Chris Blackman, Allen Campan, João Conant, Richard T. Delgado, Christopher L. Elias, Patricia Gopalakrishna, Trisha Hamsik, Marisa R. Herrero, Mario Kiesecker, Joseph Landis, Emily Laestadius, Lars Leavitt, Sara M. Minnemeyer, Susan Polasky, Stephen Potapov, Peter Putz, Francis Sanderman, Jonathan Silvius, Marcel Wollenberg, Eva Karoline Fargione, Joseph climate change agriculture food security forests wetlands ecosystems Better stewardship of land is needed to achieve the Paris Climate Agreement goal of holding warming to below 2 °C; however, confusion persists about the specific set of land stewardship options available and their mitigation potential. To address this, we identify and quantify “natural climate solutions” (NCS): 20 conservation, restoration, and improved land management actions that increase carbon storage and/or avoid greenhouse gas emissions across global forests, wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural lands. We find that the maximum potential of NCS—when constrained by food security, fiber security, and biodiversity conservation—is 23.8 petagrams of CO2 equivalent (PgCO2e) y−1 (95% CI 20.3–37.4). This is ≥30% higher than prior estimates, which did not include the full range of options and safeguards considered here. About half of this maximum (11.3 PgCO2e y−1) represents cost-effective climate mitigation, assuming the social cost of CO2 pollution is ≥100 USD MgCO2e−1 by 2030. Natural climate solutions can provide 37% of cost-effective CO2 mitigation needed through 2030 for a >66% chance of holding warming to below 2 °C. One-third of this cost-effective NCS mitigation can be delivered at or below 10 USD MgCO2−1. Most NCS actions—if effectively implemented—also offer water filtration, flood buffering, soil health, biodiversity habitat, and enhanced climate resilience. Work remains to better constrain uncertainty of NCS mitigation estimates. Nevertheless, existing knowledge reported here provides a robust basis for immediate global action to improve ecosystem stewardship as a major solution to climate change. 2017-10-16 2017-11-16T14:00:22Z 2017-11-16T14:00:22Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/89436 en Open Access National Academy of Sciences Griscom B, Adams J, Ellis P, Houghton RA, Lomax G, Miteva D, Schlesinger W, Shoch D, Siikamäki JV, Smith P, Woodbury P, Zganjar C, Blackman A, Campan J, Conant R, Delgado C, Elias P, Gopalakrishna T, Hamsik MR, Herrero M, Kiesecker J, Landis E, Laestadius L, Leavitt SM, Minnemeyer S, Polasky S, Potapov P, Putz F, Sanderman J, Silvius M, Wollenberg E, Fargione J. 2017. Natural Climate solutions. PNAS, 114:11645-11650. |
| spellingShingle | climate change agriculture food security forests wetlands ecosystems Griscom, Bronson Adams, Justin Ellis, Peter Houghton, Richard A. Lomax, Guy Miteva, Daniela Schlesinger, William Shoch, David Siikamaki, Juha Smith, Pete Woodbury, Peter Zganjar, Chris Blackman, Allen Campan, João Conant, Richard T. Delgado, Christopher L. Elias, Patricia Gopalakrishna, Trisha Hamsik, Marisa R. Herrero, Mario Kiesecker, Joseph Landis, Emily Laestadius, Lars Leavitt, Sara M. Minnemeyer, Susan Polasky, Stephen Potapov, Peter Putz, Francis Sanderman, Jonathan Silvius, Marcel Wollenberg, Eva Karoline Fargione, Joseph Natural climate solutions |
| title | Natural climate solutions |
| title_full | Natural climate solutions |
| title_fullStr | Natural climate solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural climate solutions |
| title_short | Natural climate solutions |
| title_sort | natural climate solutions |
| topic | climate change agriculture food security forests wetlands ecosystems |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/89436 |
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